Purpose: The aim of this paper was to define the concept and dimensions of sustainable gastronomy. Design/methodology/approach: The article uses the method of critical literature analysis as well as the method of synthesis and logical inference. Findings: The article proposes the author's definition of sustainable gastronomy, drawing attention to the necessity of taking into account all three areas of sustainable development (economic, social and ecological), thinking in the perspective of future generations and cooperation of various entities operating within the gastronomy sector, as an important condition for the implementation of the principles of sustainable development in this area. The proposed model of sustainable gastronomy, based on the three classic dimensions of sustainable development, refers to the most important activities that should create this type of gastronomy. Research limitations/implications: The considerations and conclusions are theoretical, and they are based on the analysis of publications available in full-text form in the e-collections and online catalogue of the University of Gdansk Library and Google Scholar. Practical implications: The conclusions presented in this paper may be a suggestion for the legislator, local authorities and companies from the catering industry regarding the directions of activities related to the development and promotion of sustainable gastronomy. They can be used to conduct a self-assessment of catering establishments, and its results can be used to strengthen competitive advantage. Social implications: The considerations and conclusions presented in the article may contribute to raising public awareness of the specifics of sustainable gastronomy, and thus contribute to buyers making more informed decisions regarding the choice of gastronomic offer. Originality/value: The article is dedicated to the issue of sustainable gastronomy, which is relatively rarely subject of the research. Furthermore authors propose definition of sustainable gastronomy along with its model.
Purpose: The aim of this paper was to evaluate competitive position of European countries based on the achievement levels of the Sustainable Development Goals in 2022. The tool to achieve the goal was multidimensional comparative analysis. Design/methodology/approach: The paper presents multivariate analysis based on euclidean distance from the Positive Development Pattern (PDP) to create ranking and to identify those European countries, which were characterized by the highest levels of individual SDG. The research was based on data selected from Europe Sustainable Development Report (2022). From 37 European countries there were selected 32 countries to analysis. The criterion for selecting countries (objects) was the completeness of available data. In the next step of the research was performed the analysis of indicators (SDG - Sustainable Development Goals) completeness. Findings: The results of the multivariate competitiveness analysis of 32 European countries based on their performance on the Sustainable Development Goals identified which countries performed best and which performed worst in this context. In addition, it was identified which countries performed best and which worst in achieving each of the 16 Sustainable Development Goals considered (for one of the SDGs, data was not complete). Research limitations/implications: For a proper interpretation of the assessment for each country under study, an in-depth knowledge of its specificities, both in the economic, social and environmental dimensions, is also necessary. It may then turn out that the achievements in the field of individual goals result, for example, from the baseline level in a given area or the real possibility of taking specific actions. Practical implications: Whereas the challenges faced by countries today, an assessment of the multivariate position of countries, taking into account their achievements in relation to the Sustainable Development Goals, seems to be entirely appropriate, as it provides a picture of the potential of individual countries in relation to their ability to cope with the problems that the international community has defined as key, and has included in the form of the SDGs. Social implications: The reference to sustainable development in the context of evaluate countries and their competitiveness fits in with the need to raise public awareness of the challenges of making this a reality and the role of countries in this process. Originality/value: The research results can contribute to a broader understanding of what a country's competitiveness is in the modern world and what sustainable factors shape it. The approach presented can complement and make more realistic the traditional onedimensional competitiveness rankings, especially in light of multivariate analysis and the challenges faced by modern states.
Background: Crowd logistics is a relatively new phenomenon that has emerged due to the growing demand for flexible, efficient, and sustainable delivery solutions. This paper presents an empirical study of crowd logistics initiatives by collecting a comprehensive dataset of companies operating in this field. Our research aims to identify the elements of the most successful crowd logistics business models and identifies the causes for their failures. Materials and methods: To achieve these goals, we conduct a systematic screening of the world market, which allows us to identify a diverse set of crowd logistics initiatives, ranging from small startups to well-established companies. We then classify these initiatives based on their business models, main business areas, and services. We also review the EU-funded projects related to the development of crowd logistics. Finally, we analyze the main business areas of each initiative, such as urban logistics, last-mile delivery, and transportation of goods. Results: We present the full view of crowd logistics solutions worldwide, their main characteristics, and models to build a complete picture of those solutions and assess them as being successful or unsuccessful by providing the list of the features identified as success factors and failure factors. Conclusions: Finally, we conclude that crowd logistics, despite many failures observed worldwide, can be a successful solution for urban logistics if it meets the requirements mentioned in the results section. Our findings provide insights into the emerging landscape of crowd logistics and offer practical implications for managers, policymakers, and researchers.
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