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1 2000

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Effects of fuel composition on fuel injectors durability in a liquid LPG port injected SI engine

Hoag M. W., Sobiesiak A., Yates S.

Journal of KONES

2000

Vol. 7, No. 1-2

159-170

Fleet operators of vehicles that use liquid port injection liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) fuel systems have experienced poor cold start performance and poor vehicle drivability of high mileage vehicles. It was assumed that was due to the formation of deposits within the fuel injectors. To determine the effects of fuels on the severity of deposits, injectors were mileage accumulated on the road using identical vehicles with fuels of different compositions. Ali of these vehicles repeatedly traveled along a specific 82 km driving route for a total of 6400 km. This driving profile was designed to simulate standard driving conditions and included a minimum hot soak period of 30 min at the conclusion of each 164 km. Four fuels were used in this study. They included; HD-5 LPG with no additives, the same HD-5 LPG with additive C, again the same HD-5 LPG with additive V and finally an LPG with a lower sulphur content and higher isobutane content than HD-5 LPG. Ali injectors used in this study were bottom feed style with needle and seat type metering orifice. Each set of mileage accumulated injectors were then installed in a test vehicle and emissions tests were performed using the low sulphur LPG fuel. Two types of emissions tests were performed for each set of injectors. These tests included standard FTP emissions tests and cold start steady state tests. Each set of injectors was then flow and leak tested to determine if the static and dynamic flow rates, or the leakage ratę of the injectors had changed from the initial values. The results obtained from this research program shows that the use of anti-deposit additives in LPG fuel leads to a significant reduction in FTP cold start hydrocarbon emissions for engines operating with liquid LPG PFI fuel systems.