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1 2024

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Laboratory Wastewater Treatment by Using Combination Methods of AOPs and Chemical-Physical Pretreatments

Agustina Tuty Emilia, Arita Susila, Melwita Elda, Bahrin David, Marcelina Revalda, Irdiansyah Hendryal, Karimah Tri

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2024

Vol. 25, iss. 1

216--226

Experimental activities carried out in laboratories usually produce complex wastewater. Due to practicum and research activities in educational laboratories, the wastewater generating from these laboratories contains organic and inorganic compounds which are dangerous for the environment if disposed of without prior treatment. Apart from high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) values, laboratory wastewater also often contains heavy metals such as zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), and iron (Fe) which are included in the hazardous waste category and can pollute the ground water. Therefore, this wastewater must be treated properly. The objective of this study is to reduce the pollutant load contained in laboratory wastewater by using combination methods of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), and chemical-physical treatment namely coagulation and adsorption processes. The photo-Fenton process was selected as one of AOPs applied in this treatment. The effect of molar ratio variation and irradiation time in the Photo-Fenton process on the pollution load in the form of pH, COD, BOD, TSS, and heavy metals of Zn, Cu, Cr, Pb, and Fe was studied in this research. The results of the analysis of untreated laboratory wastewater samples showed that laboratory wastewater did not meet the wastewater quality standards regulated by the government of Republic of Indonesia. In this study, laboratory wastewater was treated using the pretreatment method of coagulation with alum and adsorption with activated carbon. The best results in this study were obtained in the final adsorption results after treatment with the photo-Fenton method using a molar ratio of 1: 300 for 60 minutes in which several parameters such as pH, Zn, Cu, Pb, and Fe had met environmental quality standards with the value of each parameter of 7; 0.01 mg/L; 2.9 mg/L; 0.03 mg/L; and 3.15 mg/L respectively. Meanwhile, the percentage reduction of COD, BOD, and TSS parameters was 87.49%, 87.02%, and 72.45% respectively.