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Zastosowanie badań konduktometrycznych z użyciem inwersji 1D, jako narzędzia do kartowania przestrzennego przypowierzchniowych warstw geologicznych

Czarniak P., Pacanowski G., Sobótka P.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2017

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Vol. 65, nr 10/2

803--810

EN

This article presents the results obtained from geophysical measurements as a supplement to and refinement of geological information obtained from engineering geological studies for the newly constructed highways. The research was conducted using two geophysical methods: Ground Conductivity Meters (GCM) and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT). The above measurements were made on three research fields located along the planned express road S-19 (Kraśnik-Janów Lubelski section). These areas were selected due to the large amount of available archival data and varied geological conditions. The publication focuses primarily on the presentation of the results obtained using the very fast and extremely efficient GCM method. By processing GCM data, using Laterally Constrained Inversion (LCI) and Spatially Constrained Inversion (SCI) algorithms, the values ofelectrical resistivity of the surveyed centers were derived. The results are presented in the form of cross-sections and maps of electrical resistivity from different depths, which were collated and compared with the results from another geophysical method, ERT. These examples show that the use of inversion has a significant impact on the refinement of geological boundaries between layers of different electrical resistivities. Thanks to the correlation of geophysical data with boreholes and engineering geological probes, detailed models of the geological structure of the analyzed areas were elaborated, which are necessary for the selection of appropriate solutions for the construction and modernization of road infrastructure.

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Badania geofizyczne i klasyfikacje geotechniczne w ocenie stateczności karpackich zboczy fliszowych

Bestyński Z., Pacanowski G., Sieinski E.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2017

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Vol. 65, nr 10/2

717--724

EN

The paper presents the possibility of using complex geophysical investigations and geotechnical classification to identify geological structure and assess the stability of Carpathian landslides. The possibility of using seismic surveys to determine the landslide slope geometry necessary to analyze the computational stability has been indicated. In the paper authors present the possibility of geotechnical classification of the flysch KFG basis on the geophysical parameters in connection with the SMR classification proposed by M. Romana, for a rapid quantitative assessment of flysch slope stability. Examples of geophysical investigation of landslides and their stability are described on the basis of the KFG and SMR classification. The proper slope stability assessment has been pointed out as a major factor contributing to safe foundation and operation of engineering structures, especially hydrotechnical structure.

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Rola obrazowania elektrooporowego w uszczegółowieniu skomplikowanej budowy geologicznej wzgórza Morasko w Poznaniu

Pacanowski G., Sokołowska M., Mieszkowski R.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2016

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Vol. 64, nr 4

238--244

EN

The paper focuses on the problem of developing reliable geological models based on point data from boreholes and two-dimensional results of geophysical surveys with application of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). The study area was the Morasko Hill in Poznañ (Poland), located within frontal moraines overlying Pliocene clays with a top surface strongly deformed glaciotectonically. Due to the presence of these deformations, the study area shows a complex geological structure. Analysis of archival boreholes indicates that the top surface of the Pliocene clays is extremely variable, hampering unequivocal determination of geological boundaries. ERT measurements were used to recognize the detailed geological structure of the area. Next, additional boreholes and CPTU soundings were made in selected localities characterized by anomalies in the distribution of electrical resistivity values. Following the drillings and soundings, and the results of the geophysical survey were reinterpreted. Such complex methodology of field work, including geophysical and geological surveys, has allowed us to present a reliable geological model of the area, in which the ERT results coincide with the drilling results. In practice, the preparation of an appropriate geological model, particularly in the vicinity of escarpments and slopes, is indispensable for designers of construction objects in the selection of foundations and analysis of slope stability.

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Analiza możliwości zastosowania metody tomografii elektrooporowej (ERT) do rozpoznania miąższości pokrywy laterytowej

Pacanowski G., Czarniak P., Piechota A., Mieszkowski R.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2016

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Vol. 64, nr 4

245--253

EN

The paper discusses the problem of determining the thickness of a laterite cover using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) in a selected area of the Seram Island in Indonesia. Seram Island lies in the tropical zone between the Seram and Banda seas. The laterite covers are rich in nickel, cobalt, iron and other metals. Concentrations of these metals in the laterites are high enough to form economic deposits. A significant part of the report concerns the measurement technique (ERT method) in difficult climatic (high humidity and temperature) and topographic conditions (equatorial jungle with significant variations in elevation) and the methods of processing and interpretation of the acquired data. The problem seems very interesting, because geophysical prospecting is currently more and more often conducted in poorly accessible regions of the world. Additionally, there are no sufficient and commonly available publications that would allow us to get acquainted with local measurement problems by potential contractors of similar geophysical investigations. The primary result of the geophysical survey was to determine the electrical resistivity of bedrock and laterite. This was the basis for the development of sections of electrical resistive distribution for the ERT profiles, which enabled to estimate the depth to the crystalline basement and the laterite thickness. It also facilitated to produce a map of laterite thickness, which may be an important material to develop the concept of searching and mining of nickel and cobalt ore.

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Obrazowanie elektrooporowe warunków hydrogeologicznych strefy brzegowej wyspy Wolin

Pacanowski G.

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2016

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nr 466

225--232

PL

W artykule zaprezentowano problematykę złożonych warunków hydrogeologicznych w strefie brzegowej wyspy Wolin, które można obrazować za pomocą metod geoelektrycznych. Wody podziemne warstw wodonośnych strefy brzegowej znajdują się w stałym kontakcie z zasolonymi wodami morskimi. Fakt ten stanowi groźbę degradacji wód podziemnych i decyduje o specyfice ich ochrony. W utworach czwartorzędowych, na obszarach, gdzie wody podziemne wykazują niską mineralizację, wartości oporności utworów przepuszczalnych i nieprzepuszczalnych różnią się zdecydowanie, w związku z tym klasyfikacja hydrogeologiczna wyników, jakie otrzymujemy z pomiarów elektrooporowych nie stanowi problemu. Na obszarze prowadzonych badań sytuacja jest zupełnie inna i dużo bardziej skomplikowana, ze względu na ingresję słonych wód morskich do warstw wodonośnych. Co więcej, pośrednio mineralizacja ma również wpływ na oporności utworów słabo przepuszczalnych i praktycznie nieprzepuszczalnych.

EN

The article discusses the problem of complex hydrogeological conditions in the coastal zone of Wolin Island in Poland. Hydrogeological situation of the island was imaged by geoelectrical methods. Groundwater of the coastal zone is in constant contact with the saline sea waters. This fact constitutes a threat of groundwater degradation and has an influence on the methods of groundwater protection. The resistivity of Quaternary permeable and impermeable deposits is significantly different in areas where groundwater is characterized by low values of total dissolved solids (TDS). This implies that hydrogeological classification of the results obtained from electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is not difficult. In the study area, the situation is completely opposite and much more complicated because of salty sea water ingress into aquifers. This affects the resistivity values of permeable and impermeable deposits, obtained from geophysical tests.

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The role of geophysical ERT method to evaluate the leakproofness of diapragm wall of deep foundation trenches on the example of the construction of retail and office complex in Lublin, Poland

Pacanowski G., Czarniak P., Bąkowska A., Mieszkowski R, Welc F

Studia Quaternaria

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2014

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Vol. 31, Nr 2

91--99

EN

This paper addresses the problem of assessing the leakproofness of the bottom of a deep foundation trench, secured by cavity wall, using geophysical methods of electrical resistivity tomography. The study was conducted on a large construction project in Lublin, in a place where there are complicated soil-water conditions: the groundwater level is above the proposed depth of foundation trench, the subsoil is heterogeneous, and there are karsted and weathered carbonate sediments with confined aquifer below the bottom of the trench. A hydraulic fracture occurred at the bottom of the trench during the engineering works, which caused the water flow into the trench. In order to recognize the soil-water conditions the first stage of geophysical measurements of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) was made. The applied methodology allowed to determine the extent of the hydraulic fracture zone within the bottom of foundation trench. In order to assess the leakproofness of Diaphragm Wall the geophysical ERT measurements were repeated (stage 2) A clear reduction in the value of the electrical resistivity of soils in the area of hydraulic fracture was caused by clay injection. The results of ERT measurements are discussed and graphically presented.

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Application of Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT)in the investigation of quaternary landslide zones, based on the selected regions of Płock slope

Kaczmarek Ł., Mieszkowski R., Kołpaczyński M, Pacanowski G.

Studia Quaternaria

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2014

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Vol. 31, Nr 2

101--107

EN

The article shows the results of geophysical surveys performed by using Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) method on selected ragion of Płock slope of a Tumski hill near Basilica of Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Płock and in Maszewo by the Vistula River a few kilometers north of Płock. The above-mentioned sections were selected due to landslide phenomena observed there. Geophysical surveys were conducted in order to verify the state of the distribution of electrical resistivity in the sectors where mass movement was identified. The electrofusion crosssection near Cathedral Basilica shows clays and sands. Also in ERT prospection a zone of loose soils with high resistance is clearly visible. The results of the ERT method from Maszewo, indicates historical land surface of a landslide and that the slope in Maszewo consists of cohesive deposits. In order to describe these particular issues, geological cross-sections and safety factor obtained by calculation are presented for the analyzed parts of the slope. The safety factor shows that probability of landslide activity near Cathedral Basilica is very unlikely and in Maszewo is very high.

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Ocena stateczności wybranych fragmentów skarpy warszawskiej w świetle badań geofizycznych metodą tomografii elektrooporowej

Kowalczyk S., Mieszkowski R., Pacanowski G.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2014

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Vol. 62, nr 10/2

634--640

EN

In this paper there are presented application of Electrical Resistivity Tomography method (ERT) for the evaluation of slope stability on the example of four pieces of Warsaw slope. The survey was conducted on Bielany at Farysa street, downtown close to Academic Church St. Anne, on Ursynów at Kiedacza Street and at Kokosowa Street. Selected pieces of Warsaw slope differ between therself with soil-water conditions, geometry (a slope angle and height), an urbanized terrain and hazard of landslide. In this paper there are geological cross-section for selected slop pieces, the slop stability index was calculated (F) and ERT measurements. The purpose of this paper is presentation of the processing and interpretation of data received in ERT measurements for more exact description of slop stability.

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Płytkie badania geofizyczne z wykorzystaniem sejsmiki inżynierskiej oraz tomografii elektrooporowej

Ostrowski S., Pacanowski G.

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2011

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nr 446 (1)

215--223

PL

W artykule wymieniono i omówiono kilka przykładów badań geofizycznych (i ich wyników) wykonanych przez Przedsiębiorstwo Badań Geofizycznych Sp. z o.o., dotyczących płytkiej prospekcji ośrodka geologicznego. Przedstawione przykłady odnoszą się do badań, w których wykorzystano najnowsze technologie z dziedziny sejsmiki inżynierskiej i tomografii elektrooporowej. Omówiono podstawowe aspekty praktyczne w odniesieniu do potencjalnych możliwości zastosowania tych metod w geologii inżynierskiej.

EN

The article presents and discusses a few examples of the results of geophysical surveys carried out by the PBG Ltd., for the near surface prospecting of the rock medium. The presented examples refer to studies that use the newest technologies in engineering seismics and electric resistivity tomography. Fundamental practical aspects in relation to potential applications of these methods in engineering geology are discussed.