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Estimation of Long-Term Suspended Sediment Yield from a Small Agricultural Catchment

Krajewski Adam, Banasik Kazimierz, Hejduk Leszek

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2024

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Vol. 25, nr 1

99--107

EN

Predicting and estimating sediment yield from the catchment is crucial for the effective management of water resources and controlling soil erosion. Universal Soil Loss Equations (USLE) and their modifications have been appreciated and commonly applied among many methods. The idea of this work is to use the ESDAC database (a web platform hosting a series of pan-European and global datasets on soil erosion) to build the modified form of the USLE for the Zagożdzonka catchment, a small agricultural area located in central Poland. The calculated sediment yield is compared with the one determined based on the reservoir survey. The conducted analyses show that the average annual suspended sediment yield from the study catchment estimated using the MUSLE equation accounts for 201 Mg and is close to that determined based on the reservoir survey, i.e., 248 Mg. However, MUSLE, with the initially proposed parameters, will overpredict sediment transport at the study site. The ESDAC database may support local studies concerning soil erosion and sediment transport. The research is helpful for policymakers, planners, and engineers.

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Long-term variability of runoff from a small agricultural catchment of the North Masovian Lowland

Kolasińska Karolina, Kierasiński Bartosz, Karpińska Katarzyna, Szymczak Tomasz, Banasik Kazimierz

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2023

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no. 58

212--219

EN

Changes of land use, population and climate cause spatial and temporal changes in renewable water resources. For better understanding of the changes and effective management of water resources, hydrological investigations in river catchments are carried out around the world. A special investigation involves a study of hydrological processes in small site-specific catchments. The aim of the study is to analyse three characteristic river flows of a small lowland river on the basis of field surveys over two multiannual periods and to evaluate the applicability of indirect methods for determining characteristic flows in the catchment. Hydrological studies in the small agricultural catchment of the Mławka River, located in the Mławka Hills mesoregion, a part of the North Mazovian Lowland macro-region, have continued since 1966. The recorded data were used to determine daily flows and selected characteristic flows for multiannual periods of 1966-1990 and 1991-2020. To determine characteristic flows with indirect methods, three regional formulae and isorea methods were used. The study showed a decrease in renewable water resources over the period. In the multiannual periods, the average flow at the gauge station of Mławka River decreased by 15.6%. The outflow coefficient decreased from 0.303 to 0.265. The minimum annual flows also decreased by 29.1% and annual maximum flows showed an average increase by 19.7%. The use of indirect methods to determine the mean flow yielded results that converged with those from the second multiannual period.

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Climatic and anthropogenic drivers of zero-flow events in intermittent rivers in Poland

Rutkowska Agnieszka, Osuch Marzena, Żelazny Mirosław, Banasik Kazimierz, Klimek Mariusz

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2023

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no. 57

52--61

EN

River intermittence was studied based on data from hydrological monitoring in Poland. We screened the entire state database and two another data sources applying the criterion for zero-flow event: discharge less than 0.0005 m3∙s-1, and found five intermittent rivers with catchment area from 9.2 to 303.7 km2. We aimed at finding associations between intermittence and climatic driving forces (temperature and precipitation), and between intermittence and anthropogenic activity. We used the Spearman correlation coefficient, circular statistics, and statistical tests for trend. The concentration of zero-flow days, mostly in summer, and the decreasing trend in the standardised precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) in all catchments at various aggregation levels, and an increasing trend in the total number of zero-flow days and in the maximum length of zero flow events in two rivers, were detected. The strong negative correlation (–0.62 ≤ ρ < 0) between intermittence and the SPEI backward lagged in time showed that intermittence resulted from prolonged deficits in climatic water balance due to increasing evapotranspiration. The reaction of the Noteć catchment, amplified by the anthropogenic pressure (brown coal mines), was reflected in the atypical shape of the rose diagram and in inhomogeneities in river discharges. The results show that the rose diagram can serve as an indicator of the degree of anthropogenic impact on runoff conditions.