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Simultaneous adsorption of phenol derivatives from water onto spherical activated carbon

Kamiński Władysław, Kuśmierek Krzysztof, Świątkowski Andrzej, Tomczak Elwira

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2020

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Vol. 27, nr 3

403--413

EN

The paper examines single- and multicomponent adsorption onto granular activated carbon. The quantities adsorbed in the study were determined using HPLC with UV detection. The experimental data were analysed using the Langmuir, the Freundlich and the Sips adsorption isotherms. With a single component being adsorbed, high coefficients of determination and low mean square errors indicated that the Sips isotherm fitted the adsorption equilibrium well. Further experiments were carried out using aqueous solutions containing two or three adsorbed components in different proportions. For these solutions, the literature methods of predicting multicomponent equilibrium using single-component data did not yield positive results. Assuming that in the investigated range of concentrations no competitive adsorption occurred, the authors propose a method for calculating the equilibrium concentrations in the liquid phase using the equations obtained for individual components. The results achieved correspond very well to the experimental data.

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Studies on separation of oil and peptides from saline wastewaters with the use of ceramic membranes

Ćwirko Konrad, Tomczak Elwira, Szaniawska Daniela

Proceedings of ECOpole

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2019

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Vol. 13, No. 1-2

9--16

EN

The work evaluates the effect of main process parameters, i.e. transmembrane pressure, TMP and cross-flow velocity, CFV on oil and protein rejection ri and permeate flux JVi using 22 experimental design. The ultrafiltration experiments were carried out using pilot installation with tubular ceramic 300 kDa membrane and model oil-in-water and BSA - water solutions. Ultrafiltration data obtained using experimental design technique was used to determine the regression coefficients of polynomial equations. These equations give information on non-conjugated as well as conjugated effects of two operating parameters on ultrafiltration process of model oil and BSA water solutions. Moreover, these equations helped to determine optimal conditions for ultrafiltration process from the point of view of membrane permeability and selectivity. Furthermore they can be useful while assessing the experimental conditions of ultrafiltration in real complex systems such as oily wastewaters produced by petroleum industry or marine transport and waste brines produced by fish industry.

PL

W pracy dokonano oceny wpływu parametrów procesowych, takich jak ciśnienie transmembranowe TMP oraz prędkość przepływu nadawy nad powierzchnią membrany CFV, na stopień odzysku oleju i białka ri oraz strumień permeatu Jvi z zastosowaniem planu czynnikowego dwupoziomowego. Doświadczenia prowadzono za pomocą pilotowej instalacji membranowej z ceramiczną membraną rurową o granicy rozdziału 300 kDa oraz modelowych roztworów oleju w wodzie oraz białka BSA w wodzie. Dane doświadczalne z przeprowadzonych procesów ultrafiltracji z zastosowaniem techniki planowanego eksperymentu zostały wykorzystane do określenia współczynników regresji równań wielomianowych. Równania te dostarczają informacji zarówno o niezwiązanym, jak i sprzężonym wpływie dwóch parametrów operacyjnych na proces ultrafiltracji modelowych roztworów wód zaolejonych oraz roztworów białka BSA w wodzie. Umożliwiają także określenie optymalnych warunków procesu ultrafiltracji z punktu widzenia przepuszczalności i selektywności membrany. Ponadto mogą być przydatne przy ocenie eksperymentalnych warunków tego procesu w układach rzeczywistych, takich jak ścieki zaolejone produkowane przez przemysł naftowy lub transport morski i solanki odpadowe produkowane przez przemysł rybny.

3

Pilot tests and fouling identification in the ultrafiltration of model oily and saline wastewaters

Ćwirko Konrad, Tomczak Elwira, Szaniawska Daniela, Buczkowski Ryszard

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2019

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Vol. 26, nr 3

493--507

EN

This paper evaluates ceramic membrane performance and fouling mechanisms in the ultrafiltration of model oil-in-water solutions with addition of NaCl. First, the work estimated the effect of main process parameters, i.e. transmembrane pressure, cross-flow velocity and NaCl content in the feed on oil rejection and permeate flux using 23 experimental design. The ultrafiltration experiments were carried out using pilot installation with commercial tubular ceramic 300 kDa membrane. Ultrafiltration data obtained using experimental design technique was used to determine the regression coefficients of polynomial equations. These equations give information on non-conjugated as well as conjugated effects of two operating parameters and one feed parameter on ceramic membrane performance in ultrafiltration process of model oil-in-water-NaCl solutions. Moreover, these equations can help to determine optimal conditions for ultrafiltration process from the point of view of membrane permeability and selectivity. Next, ultrafiltration results were analyzed using resistance-in-series model. It was found that the process is membrane resistance limited. It was also stated that, resistance caused by reversible fouling is greater than irreversible fouling resistance. Finally, pore blocking models based on modified Hermia’s equation were used to determine membrane fouling mechanism responsible for permeate flux decline with ultrafiltration time. In investigated system ceramic membrane fouling was caused by complete and intermediate pore blocking mechanisms