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2 Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

2 2021

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Selective flotation separation of chalcopyrite and sphalerite by thermal pretreatment under air atmosphere

Zhou Hepeng, Geng Liang, Zhang Yongbing, Yang Zhizhao, He Kunzhong, Xie Fanxin

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

2021

Vol. 57, iss. 1

305--314

Thermal pretreatment was performed to enhance the flotation separation of chalcopyrite and sphalerite under the air atmosphere for the first time. Microflotation experiment showed that the floatability of chalcopyrite vanished after thermal pretreatment at above 170℃. By contrast, the floatability of sphalerite was well maintained with a flotation recovery of 90%. In artificial mixed mineral flotation experiments, the separation of sphalerite and chalcopyrite was successfully realized by thermal pretreatment. Results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses indicated that the chalcopyrite surface was oxidized dramatically at 170℃, and hydrophilic species such as sulfate (SO42-), oxides (CuO and Fe2O3), and hydroxyl species (Fe(OH)3) were formed on the surface. Hence, the adsorption of potassium butyl xanthate on chalcopyrite decreased significantly after thermal pretreatment. The reason for the higher oxidation speed of chalcopyrite than that of sphalerite was also analyzed.

Enhancing flotation of smithsonite by using 1,3,5-Triazinane-2,4,6-trithione as sulfidation

He Kunzhong, Zhou Hepeng, Zhang Yongbing, Tang Xuekun, Luo Xianping, Han Haisheng

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

2021

Vol. 57, iss. 5

1--14

1,3,5-Triazinane-2,4,6-trithione (TMT) was used for the first time as a sulfidation agent in the flotation of smithsonite. Results showed that 80.5% recovery rate could be obtained in the presence of TMT (5 × 10-5 mol/L) and butyl xanthate (5 × 10-4 mol/L). However, the recovery rate was only 59.4% when sodium sulfide (5 × 10-5 mol/L) was used. Micro-flotation test and contact angle measurement showed that TMT activation was better than sodium sulfide activation. Besides, the contact angle increased from 32.44° (untreated) to 89.58° (treated with TMT), which was significantly higher than 50.2° (treated with sodium sulfide). Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) and Zeta potential test showed the chemisorption of TMT on the smithsonite surface. The results of ICP spectral detection and solution chemistry calculation revealed that Zn3TMT complex precipitates in the smithsonite pulp were formed on the mineral surface at pH 6.5. A hydrophobic film was also formed on the mineral surface after TMT treatment, and more adsorption sites were provided for butyl xanthate. Thus, the adsorption of collector was significantly enhanced.