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1

Rocky Sandstone Landforms in Istebna, Silesian Beskid (Outer Carpathians, Poland)

Starzec K., Waśkowska A., Golonka J., Gawęda A., Szopa K.

Geotourism / Geoturystyka

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2018

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nr 1-2 (52-53)

I--XIV

EN

The rocky sandstone landforms, which are interesting geotouristic objects, occur in the eastern part of Istebna village. The series of rock walls and pulpits is located on the southern slopes of the Karolówka Range. Fragments of the upper sandstones of Istebna Formation (Upper Cretaceous–Paleocene) crop out within these rocks. They represent the period of intensive supply of the clastic material into the Outer Carpathian Silesian Basin leading to the origin of thick-bedded , very coarse-grained sandstones and conglomerates. The occurrence of large, numerous crystalline rocks is a particular and unique feature of these outcrops. These magmatic and metamorphic rocks were derived from the basement of the Carpathian basins. This paper describes the detailed characteristics of these rocky landform objects.

PL

We wschodniej części wsi Istebna występują piaskowcowe formy skałkowe, które są interesującymi obiektami geoturystycznymi. Są to serie ambon i ścian skalnych znajdujące się w kilku miejscach na południowych zboczach grzbietu Karolówki. W ich obrębie odsłonięte są fragmenty profilu górnych piaskowców formacji istebniańskiej jednostki śląskiej (górna kreda-paleocen), które reprezentują okres intensywnej dostawy materiału okruchowego do karpackiego basenu śląskiego, w efekcie czego powstały serie gruboławicowych i bardzo gruboławicowych piaskowców i zlepieńców. Szczególną cechą związaną z tymi wychodniami jest obecność licznych i dużych bloków skał krystalicznych: magmowych i metamorficznych, pochodzących z erozji podłoża, na którym rozwinęły się baseny karpackie. W niniejszym artykule dokonano charakterystyki jednostkowej tych obiektów skałkowych.

2

The Pieniny Klippen Belt in Poland

Golonka J., Krobicki M., Waśkowska A.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2018

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Vol. 44, no. 1

111--125

EN

The Pieniny Klippen Belt in Poland marks the Central Carpathian-North European plate suture zone. The strictly tectonic present-day confines of the Pieniny Klippen Belt are characterized as (sub)vertical faults and shear zones. A strong reduction in the space of the original sedimentary basins took place. The strike-slip-bounded tectonic blocks, thrust units, toe-thrusts and olistostromes are mixed together, resulting in the present-day mélange character where individual tectonic units are difficult to distinguish. The sedimentary rocks of the Pieniny Klippen Belt were deposited in the paleogeographic realm known as the Alpine Tethys that was divided into two basins separated by the Czorsztyn Ridge. The accretionary prism formed in front of the advancing Alcapa (Central Carpathians) terrane had overridden the Czorsztyn Ridge during the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene. The destruction of the Czorsztyn Ridge supplied huge amounts of coarse-clastic material, including olistoliths, into the Magura Basin during the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene. The rotation of the Alcapa caused the strike-slip motions which led to the deformation of the previously created nappes and development of the flower structure. Two parallel faults delineate the southern and northern limits of the Pieniny Klippen Belt. The stops in Sromowce (Macelowa and Sobczański Gorge area) allow the observation of the southern marginal zone of the Pieniny Klippen Belt, the overturned position of the rotated counterclockwise deformed rock as well as the diapiric uplift of the Pieniny rocks in a transpressional strike-slip regime. The Zawiasy (Krościenko area) stop is located in the northern marginal zone (Hulina Unit) of the Pieniny Klippen Belt along the major dextral strike-slip Dunajec Fault.

3

Potential source rocks in the Ropianka Formation of the Magura Nappe (Outer Carpathians, Poland) – geochemical and foraminiferal case study

Waśkowska A., Golonka J., Machowski G., Pstrucha E.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2018

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Vol. 44, no. 1

49--68

EN

To optimize exploration for new hydrocarbon accumulations in the Polish Outer Carpathians, it is necessary to concentrate attention on identification of hydrocarbon accumulations of the “shale-gas” type. Results of recently completed analysis suggested new such possible targets in the Magura Basin, preserved in the Outer Carpathian Magura Nappe. Analysis of the preliminary results of paleoenvironmental and geochemical studies of these shales is the subject of this paper. Micropaleontological and geochemical study was conducted on the 300 m thick Świątkowa Member, the uppermost part of the Ropianka Formation located in the external, northernmost Siary Zone. This member is composed of thin- and medium-bedded sandstones interbedded by green, brown, black and dark-gray shales. Poor and changeable oxygenation is reflected in the composition of foraminiferal assemblages. A negative correlation between the TOC content and numbers and diversity of foraminifera is observed. The paleogeographic position and paleoenvironment assessment indicates that the Siary Zone fulfills certain conditions for organic productivity and preservation during the deposition of the Ropianka Formation.

4

The Ropianka Formation of the Bystrica Zone (Magura Nappe, Outer Carpathians : proposal for a new reference section in northwestern Orava

Teťák F., Cieszkowski M., Golonka J., Waśkowska A., Szczęch M.

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2017

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Vol. 87, No. 3

259--274

EN

The thin- and medium-bedded, turbiditic deposits that are exposed in the Bystrica Zone of the Magura Nappe in the Slovak Orava region are the subject of this study. On the basis of lithological features as well as age and stratigraphic position, they are assigned to the Ropianka Formation. The very well exposed rocks of this formation, recognized in the Biela Farma profile in the Slovak part of the northwestern Orava region, are compared with analogous deposits in the Polish Orava and the Beskid Wysoki Mountains. Lithological and biostratigraphical documentation of the Ropianka Formation is presented. This documentation allowed the determination of the age of the rocks studied. Abundant and taxonomically diverse foraminiferal assemblages of agglutinated, benthonic and occasional planktonic forms indicate a Middle Paleocene age for the upper part of the Ropianka Fm. A new stratigraphic position for the Szczawina Sandstone, considered to be a member of the Ropianka Fm, is proposed. The lithostratigraphy of the Ropianka Fm in the Magura Nappe in Poland, Slovakia and the Czech Republic requires further investigation, including the establishment of new type and reference sections. The large outcrop at Biela Farma should be taken into consideration as a potential reference section. Studies of the new sections will lead to a new monographic elaboration of the Ropianka Fm in Poland, Slovakia and the Czech Republic.

5

Sedimentary indicators of a deep sea environment, in the sandstones of rocky forms, from the Ciężkowice-Rożnów Landscape Park (Outer Carpathians, Poland)

Stadnik R., Waśkowska A.

Geotourism / Geoturystyka

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2015

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nr 1-2

37--48

EN

The rocky forms of the Ciężkowice-Rożnów Landscape Park form the remains of the solid cover of the Ciężkowice Sandstone. Deposits in rocky forms represent different types of facies. Numerous and genetically diverse sedimentary structures in the sandstones are typical for a deep-sea flysch environment. Analysis of these well preserved features makes it possible to interpret the paleoenvironment of their sedimentation in the Eocene. These features have also become unusually valuable, in terms of both research methodology, known as sedimentological facies analysis, as well as in popularising geological knowledge.

PL

Skałki Ciężkowicko-Rożnowskiego Parku Krajobrazowego są obiektami, które pozostały po zwartym kompleksie piaskowca ciężkowickiego. Na ich powierzchniach czytelne są liczne i zróżnicowane genetycznie struktury sedymentacyjne oraz litofacje, które są typowe dla fliszowych środowisk głębokomorskich. Stopień wyrazistości tych struktur na powierzchniach skałek jest wysoki, dlatego stanowią one nie tylko obiekty cenne dla interpretacji paleośrodowisk, ale również cenne dla popularyzacji wiedzy geologicznej.

6

The Eocene Hieroglyphic beds of Silesian Nappe in Western Polish Carpathians : development and foraminiferal record

Waśkowska A.

Geological Quarterly

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2015

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Vol. 59, No. 2

271--299

EN

The sedimentation of Hieroglyphic beds of the Silesian Nappe took place between the Lower and Middle Eocene and Upper Eocene within the Carpathian Silesian Basin. These beds are represented by thin-bedded flysch containing – at various stratigraphic positions – sandstone-less complexes with variegated shales and bentonite laminae developed in conditions of calm sedimentation with a limited supply of material from the land. The profiles of Hieroglyphic beds of the Silesian Nappe are diversely developed. Their variability and borderline sequences, transitory into overlying and underlying divisions, are presented. In the Ypressian, during the sedimentation of Hieroglyphic beds, foraminiferal associations with numerous small sized Trochammina developed, which formed in the Silesian Basin after the PETM crisis. Since the Lutetian, in slightly more favourable conditions, more differentiated associations have occurred, with Reticulophragmium amplectens (Grzybowski), Ammodiscus (Dolgenia) latus (Grzybowski), and Reticulophragmium gerochi Neagu et al., which preferred cool waters, being index fossils for stratigraphy. Hieroglyphic beds developed during an interval of the gradually cooling climate. The gradual decrease in temperature stimulated the transfer of species: in the Eocene associations of Hieroglyphic beds a number of thermophilous forms, whose optimum of development came in the Upper Cretaceous-Paleocene, disappeared whereas new species appeared which prefer cold waters commonly occurring in boreal basins. The deep restructuring of foraminiferal assemblages took place in the Priabonian, when massive numbers of calcareous benthonic and planktonic forms occurred.

7

Stratigraphy of the Hieroglyphic Beds with “Black Eocene” facies in the Silesian Nappe (Outer Flysch Carpathians, Poland)

Waśkowska A.

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2015

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Vol. 85, No. 2

321--343

EN

The lithologic variation and biostratigraphy of the Hieroglyphic Beds were examined in the Szczyrzyc Depression, where four lithologic complexes were distinguished. The biostratigraphy is based on agglutinated foraminifera and supported by scarce planktonic foraminifera. The lower part of the Hieroglyphic Beds contains non-characteristic, Ypresian foraminifers, including assemblages of small-sized Trochammina and at successively higher levels representatives of the Bartonian Ammodiscus latus Zone and the Priabonian Reticulophragmium gerochi Zone. The upper part of the Hieroglyphic Beds, composed of dark shales enriched in TOC (1–2%), corresponds to the deposits of the so-called Black Eocene, known from the Fore-Magura group of nappes. Redeposited flysch rocks resulting from episodes of subaqueous mass flow occur in the lower Bartonian part of the section.

8

The geotourist attractions in the vicinity of Szczawnica spa

Golonka J., Waśkowska A., Doktor M., Krobicki M., Słomka T.

Geotourism / Geoturystyka

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2014

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nr 2

33--44

EN

The main aim of this paper is presentation of the most characteristic outcrops/geological monuments, which occur in Szczawnica spa vicinity and are perfect geotouristic objects. These objects are presented with short geological/geomorphological remarks about their origin, development and significance in natural sciences. They provide the excellent inanimate natural monuments (geotourist trail in Pieniny Mountains from Szczawnica to Červený Kláštor, Palenica Mountain, Zawiasy area, Bryjarka Mountain, Jarmuta Mountain and Zaskalnik Waterfall), which can be used for better understanding of the history of our Earth and numerous geological processes, which „sculptured” its surface, especially very complicated geological story of the Pieniny Klippen Belt.

9

Klimkówka Lake in Beskid Niski - geotouristic aspects

Waśkowska A., Golonka J., Witkowska E.

Geotourism / Geoturystyka

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2014

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nr 1

3--14

EN

The Klimkówka Lake geotouristic site is one of the greatest attractions of the Beskid Niski Mountains of the Polish Carpathians Mts. Nearly 20 years of existence of the artificial dam lake generated the development of tourism in the area. The great advantage of Klimkówka Lake region is the presence of a number of spectacular surface rock outcrops situated in convenient locations for visitors, in which crop out the youngest rocks of the Rača Zone of the Magura Nappe. The area around the Klimkówka Lake is a great training ground to acquire knowledge of the geology of the Outer Carpathians, as well as different varieties of sedimentary rocks, and sedimentary and tectonic structures.

10

The Eocene Hieroglyphic beds and Green shales in the Rożnów Lake area (Silesian Nappe, Outer Carpathians) - facies development and biostratigraphy

Waśkowska A.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2014

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Vol. 40, no. 1

5--26

EN

In the lithostratigraphic section of a sedimentary sequence of the Silesian Nappe in the area of Rożnów Lake, the strata that occur above the Ciężkowice sandstone and below the Globigerina marls are represented by a relatively thin unit informally named the Hieroglyphic beds and a succeeding thick complex of so-called Green shales. The Hieroglyphic beds, deposited over a short time interval during the Lutetian time (Reticulophragmium amplectens zone), are followed by the Green shales that were deposited from the Lutetian to the Priabonian (Reticulophrgamium amplectens, Ammodisus latus, Reticulophragmium rotundidorstum zones). This work describes the foraminiferal assemblages, on the basis of which, the age of the Green shales was established that in the area of Rożnów Lake. Deposition of the Green shale unit started in the Lutetian, while in other regions of the Silesian Basin it is documented from the Priabonian. The upper boundary of the Green shales is isochronous and defined by the base of the calcareous horizon of a specific type of marls known as the Globigerina marls.

11

Paleogene of the Magura Nappe adjacent to the Pieniny Klippen Belt between Szczawnica and Krościenko (Outer Carpathians, Poland)

Golonka J., Waśkowska A.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2014

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Vol. 40, no. 4

359--376

EN

The present authors investigated the Paleogene deposits of the internal zone of the Magura Basin known as the Krynica Subunit or Krynica zone in Poland. These deposits crop out in the peri-Pieniny zone, in the area between Szczawnica and Krościenko. The oldest flysch deposits belong to the Paleocene - Lower Eocene Szczawnica Formation. This formation is covered by thin-bedded turbidites of the Eocene Zarzecze Formation locally with intercalations of the thick-bedded sandstones of the Krynica Member and Łęcko-type marls. The youngest rocks in this area belong to the Eocene-Oligocene Magura Formation. The Zarzecze Formation occupies a large part of the Krynica zone of the Magura Nappe border structure. Some deposits previously distinguished as the Szczawnica Formation were transferred to the Zarzecze Formation. The foraminiferal assemblages confirm the Eocene age of these deposits.

12

Selective agglutination of tourmaline grains by foraminifera in deep-water flysch environment (Eocene Hieroglyphic beds, Silesian Nappe, Polish Outer Carpathians)

Waśkowska A.

Geological Quarterly

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2014

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Vol. 58, No. 2

337--352

EN

Detrital fragments of automorphic tourmaline crystals are commonly incorporated in tests of simple agglutinated foraminifera that lived in the deep-marine Carpathian turbidite basin, in which deposition of the Hieroglyphic beds (Eocene) took place. Such grains were observed in the tests of 37 taxa representing 20 species. However tourmaline occurs in the Carpathian Flysch sediments as an accessory mineral, still it was selected by the foraminifera as the only heavy mineral to be incorporated in their tests. The proportion of tourmaline-bearing specimens in an assemblage usually amounts to a few percent, but may reach 29% in extreme cases. The particular preference for tourmaline segregation and incorporation in the test walls is shown by the following genera: Psammosiphonella, Reophax, Bathysiphon and Nothia.

13

Biostratigraphy and depositional anatomy of a large olistostrome in the Eocene Hieroglyphic Formation of the Silesian Nappe, Polish Outer Carpathians

Waśkowska A., Cieszkowski M.

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2014

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Vol. 84, No. 1

51--70

EN

The study focuses on a large olistostrome unit (~200 m thick and 4 km in strike-parallel extent) embedded in the Mid-Eocene shaly Hieroglyphic Formation of the Silesian Nappe, exposed in the Rożnów Lake area. Foraminifer biostratigraphy and petrographic comparisons are used to identify the provenance of olistoliths. The olistostrome is tripartite with respect of its olistolith composition. The lower part of the olistostrome abounds in olistoliths of sandstones derived from the Early Eocene turbiditic Ciężkowice Formation, whereas the middle part is dominated by olistoliths of Early Eocene bathyal mudshales. The upper part contains olistoliths of Middle Eocene turbiditic “banded sandstones”, known from the Hieroglyphic Formation and deposited in the bathyal zone above the CCD. The bathyal provenance of the olistostrome contrasts with the abyssal origin of the hosting green shales. The olistostrome unit is inferred to be composite, emplaced in the earliest Bartonian or at the Lutetian/ Bartonian transition by a series of at least three large debris flows that closely followed one another. Biostratigra- phical data and slump-fold vergence suggest resedimentation from the bathyal northern slope of the Silesian Cordillera that bounded the abyssal Silesian Basin to the south. Northward movement of the thrust-formed cordillera must have warped up the base-of-slope deposits of the Ciężkowice Formation, causing their gravita- tional collapse. This event destabilized the former lower-slope muddy deposits, resulting in a second phase of resedimentation by retrogressive slumping, which led to the collapse of mid-slope sandy turbidites. The slope failures involved contemporaneous Mid-Eocene sediment with an admixture of foraminifers derived from the upper slope or shelf margin and with exotic bedrock debris shed from the eroded cordillera crest. The catastrophic multi-phase emplacement of the olistostrome marked the last major thrusting pulse of the second (Late Cretaceous–Late Eocene) stage of tectonic evolution of the Outer Carpathian accretionary prism.

14

Skały krzemionkowe okolic Myślenic jako prawdopodobny surowiec dla dawnych hut szkła

Bąk M., Waśkowska A., Michalik M., Ciurej A.

Przegląd Górniczy

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2013

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T. 69, nr 3

17--23

PL

W pracy przedstawiono charakterystykę litologiczną kredowych skał krzemionkowych (rogowców mikuszowickich oraz formacji łupków radiolariowych z Barnasiówki) płaszczowiny śląskiej, odsłaniających się w rejonie Myślenic. Utwory te są szczególnie zasobne w krzemionkę, gdzie oprócz kwarcu detrytycznego występuje również znaczny udział krzemionki biogenicznej. Krzemionka ta pochodziła z igieł gąbek oraz szkieletów pierwotniaków morskich, które żyły we wczesnej kredzie w basenie śląskim. Skały te były potencjalnym surowcem wykorzystywanym do produkcji szkła w hutach średniowiecznych i renesansowych zlokalizowanych w rejonie Pasma Barnasiówki koło Myślenic.

EN

This paper presents the lithological features of the Cretaceous siliceous rocks (Mikuszowce Cherts and Barnasiówka Radiolarian Shale Formation) of the Silesian Nappe, cropping out in the Myslenice region (Polish Outer Carpathians). These formations are particularly rich in silica, including high-content of biogenic silica and detrital quartz. The source of silica originated in the sponge spicules and skeletons of marine protozoa which lived in the Silesian Basin during the early Cretaceous times. It is likely that, in the period of the Middle Ages and Renaissance, these rocks were used for glass production in the glassworks located within Barnasiówka Range area.

15

Geopark „Beskid Śląsko-Morawsko-Żywiecki”- najstarsze utwory Karpat fliszowych

Golonka J., Krobicki M., Miśkiewicz K., Slomka T., Waśkowska A., Doktor M.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2013

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Vol. 61, nr 5

277--285

EN

The oldest flysch deposits are the leading theme of the planned "Silesian-Moravian-Żywiec Beskid" Geopark. The geopark is located in the area of Beskid Śląski Mts. and Beskid Żywiecki Mts. in the territory ofPoland. This is a region of the occurrence of a number of tectonic units of the Outer Carpathians, including Pieniny Klippen Belt, Magura Nappe (with Krynica, Bystrica, Raca and Siary tec- tonic-facies zones), Fore-Magura Unit, Silesian Nappe and Subsilesian Nappe. Geodiversity of this area is defined by well-exposed sections ofrocks. They were the sites ofclassical geological work in the 19th century. Within the geopark boundaries, there are the type localities of the following tectonic units: Silesian Nappe, Fore-Magura, Bystrica and Raca units, as well as Jaworzynka, Bystrica, Vyhylovka, Vendryne and Cieszyn Limestone formations, Malinowska Skala Conglomerate, Mutne Sandstone, and Cisownica Shale members. Landslides, attractive geomorphologic landforms (e.g., highest peaks of the Beskidy Mts., providing magnificent views), waterfalls, diversified river valleys, tors, caves as well as places associated with the history and tradition of this region represent geotouristic attractions with a high potential. They will be included in the network ofgeosites protected within the planned geopark. Analysis ofthe geopark area indicates a high degree of variability of natural values, especially its geodiversity and richness of the historical-cultural heritage. The preservation and protection methods are also diversified. This region represents unique geoenvironmental and historical values on the European scale, therefore offering good chances for establishment of geopark. The documentation of geosites has already been gathered at this stage of work. The information requires only updating, minor additions and construction ofa unified database. The evaluation ofthe current touristic infrastructure have also brought very positive results; the area isfrequented by millions oftouristsfrom Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia and other countries.

16

The Beloveža Formation of the Rača Unit in the Beskid Niski Mts. (Magura Nappe, Polish Flysch Carpathians) and adjacent parts of Slovakia and their equivalents in the western part of the Magura Nappe; remarks on the Beloveža Formation – Hieroglyphic Beds

Golonka J., Waśkowska A.

Geological Quarterly

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2012

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Vol. 56, No. 4

821--832

EN

Eocene thin-bedded flysch, widespread in the Alpine Tethys ocean, is present within the Magura Nappe, the largest Outer Carpathian unit in Poland and Slovakia. Thin-bedded flysch sedimentation accompanied by hemipelagic shales took place accross the entire Magura Basin during Eocene times. The lithostratigraphic position of these deposits has been a subject of considerable discussion. Different names, such as the Hieroglyphic Beds, Hieroglyphic Formation, Łabowa Shale Formation, Grzechynia Sandstones and Beloveža Beds, Beloveža Formation have been used in the Outer Carpathians literature. We show a striking resemblance of the Beloveža Beds (Formation) from its type locality to the Hieroglyphic Beds from the Beskid Wysoki area and to typical Beloveža Beds from the Hańczowa Mts. We propose to the name Beloveža Formation should be applied to thin-bedded flysch within both Bystrica and Rača units of Magura Nappe and the name Hieroglyphic Formation should be restricted to the Skole Unit. The original type locality in Beloveža near Bardejov in Slovakia is selected as type section of the Beloveža Formation

17

Transgraniczny geopark Karpaty fliszowe i ich wody mineralne

Miśkiewicz K., Golonka J., Waśkowska A., Doktor M., Słomka T.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2011

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Vol. 59, nr 9

611-621

EN

The occurrence of mineral waters and related spas constitutes the leading theme of the projected geopark: Flysch Carpathians and their mineral waters. The geopark is located on the Beskid Sądecki and Beskid Niski area on the Polish side. It is situate in the area of the occurrence of three Carpathian units: Magura Nappe (the major part of the area), which includes Krynica, Bystrica, Racza and Siary tectonic-facies zones; Silesian Nappe and Grybów Unit. Besides mineral waters, the geodiversity of the area is defined by well exposed flysch rocks profiles including clastic type localities of the Magura Nappe described in the XIX century pioneers of geological investigations. The landslide morphology, attractive geomorphological forms like waterfalls, diversified river valleys, tors as well as places connected with history and tradition of exploration and exploitation of Carpathian hydrocarbons fields. The type localities of profiles of Grybów, Siary and Krynica Units as well as Łabowa Variegated Shales, Beloveza and Malcov formations. All these elements represent geotouristical attractions with high potential. They will be included in the network of preserved geosites within the projected geopark. The analysis of proposed geopark Flysch Carpathians and their mineral waters indicates high degree of diversification of natural values, especially geodiversity as well as richness of historical-cultural heritage. The preservation and protection methods are also diversified. This region represents unique geoenvironmental and historical values on the European scale, therefore providing good chances for establishment of geopark. The proposition of geopark with mineral waters and related spas in the Flysch Carpathians is first such project in the world. The documentation of geosites was already gathered during this stage of work, it requires only actualization, minor additions and construction of unified database. The evaluation of the actual touristic infrastructure provided also generally positive results, only the eastern part of geopark requires additional investments and promotion.

18

Zamki znad jezior Rożnowskiego i Czchowskiego jako geoturystyczne lapidaria i rola piaskowców istebniańskich w ich powstaniu

Cieszkowski M., Waśkowska A.

Geoturystyka

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2010

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nr 2

3-18

PL

Przez Pogórze Rożnowskie doliną Dunajca w wiekach średnich przebiegał szlak handlowy. Wzdłuż niego sukcesywnie powstawały zamki, które obecnie znajdują się na brzegach sztucznych jezior Czchowskiego i Rożnowskiego. Budowle te zostały wzniesione z naturalnego, lokalnego surowca, jakim są występujące w plaszczowine śląskiej górnokredowe piaskowice istebniańskie. Oryginalne mury warownych zamków posadowione na wychodniach wspomnianych karpackich piaskowców są wraz z ich geologicznym otoczeniem geoturystyczną atrakcją Ziemi Rożnowskiej. Mogą one stanowić swego rodzaju geologiczne lapidaria, eksponujące podstawowe litotypy piaskowców warstw istebniańskich.

EN

On the Rożnów Foothils area, at the Rożnów and Czchów artificial lakes, a few usually ruined castles are located. This historical and recently monumental defensive objects emerged mainly in the Middle Ages. These Castles, are located on exposures of the Upper Cretaceous Istebna Beds. The Istebna Sandsones constitutes also natural local construction raw materials. The Istebna Beds are involved in the structure of the Silesian Nappe, one of the main Outer Carpathian tectonic units. The original walls of castles with their geological enclosing are geoturistic attractions of the Rożnów Land. They could be also a kind of lapidarium. In their walls are exposed specimens of the sandstone lithotypes typical for the Istebna Beds.

19

Las Gościbia krainą kaskad i wodospadów

Waśkowska A., Stadnik R., Miśkiewicz K.

Geoturystyka

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2010

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nr 3-4

29-38

PL

Las Gościbia obejmuje północne stoki Babicy (Beskid Makowski) w rejonie zlewni górskiego strumienia Gościbia. Położony jest na terenie plaszczowiny magurskiej, w strefie Siar. W głęboko wciętych dolinach odsłonięty jest ciągły profil fliszowych utworów wieku eoceńsko-oligoceńskiego (piaskowce pasierbieckie, ogniwo łupków zembrzyckich oraz ogniwo piaskowca z Wątkowej). Szczególnym walorem Lasu Gościbia są ciągi kaskad oraz wodospady, które tutaj licznie występują w dolinach potoków. Ich liczebność, różnorodny charakter oraz wysokie walory estetyczne decydują o wysokim potencjalne dydaktycznym i geoturystycznym.

EN

The "Las Gościbia" includes the northern slopes of Babica Mt. (Beskid Makowski) in the catchment area of a mountain stream called Gościbia. It is located within the Magura Nappe in the Siary Zone (Outer Carpathians). In the deeply cut valleys there is exposed continuously profile of the flysch deposits of Eocene-Oligocene age (Pasierbiec Sandstone, Zembrzyce Shale, Wątkowa Sandstone). The special value of the "Las Gościbia" are cascades and waterfalls, which are numerous here in stream valleys. Their abundance, the heterogeneous nature and high aesthetic values determined a high educational and geotourist potential.

20

Utwory wczesnokredowego basenu protośląskiego w polsko-czeskich Karpatach fliszowych

Waśkowska A., Golonka J., Strzeboński P., Krobicki M., Vasicek Z., Skupien P.

Geologia / Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie

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2009

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T. 35, z. 2/1

39-47

EN

The proto-Silesian Basin was well developed within the Alpine Tethys during the Late Jurassic times and existed as undivided entity until the significant Late Cretaceous reorganization. The deposits originated within this basin were incorporated into different structural units: Silesian, Subsilesian and Skole. The calciturbiditic Cieszyn Limestone Formation is the oldest Cretaceous flischoidal sequence of the proto-Silesian Basin. This calciturbiditic sedimentation passed gradually into younger siliciclastic deposition.