Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Effect of different ventilation systems on air quality, heat consumption and psycho-physical comfort in modern residential buildings (German experiences)

Maier T., Tejchman J

Archives of Civil Engineering

|

2007

|

Vol. 53, nr 3

541-565

EN

The paper deals with practical projects of German residential buildings with various ventilation systems which realize thermal, humid and psycho-physical comfort. To work out such projects, the results of questionnaires and comprehensive experimental measurements were taken into account. For measurements, 22 identical residential houses in Germany were chosen where 4 various ventilation systems were installed: gravitational ventilation (windows), air heating system, mechanical ventilation with in- and out-leading air elements and a function of heat recovery and mechanical ventilation with single ventilators. The following parameters were measured in houses: relative air humidity, concentration of CO2 in the air, air temperature, consumption of electricity, consumption of gas, consumption of heat, working time of the window ventilation, working time of the mechanical ventilation and number of residents. The advantages and disadvantages of all four ventilation systems were outlined. Relationships between the ventilation type and heat consumption were discussed by taking into account opinions of residents.

PL

Omówiono praktyczne projekty niemieckich domów mieszkalnych z różnymi systemami wentylacyjnymi realizującymi komfort termiczny, wilgotnościowy i psycho-fizyczny. Do opracowania tych modeli posłużyły wyniki ankiet i obszerne pomiary doświadczalne. Do pomiarów wybrano w Niemczech 22 identyczne domki mieszkalne, w których zainstalowano 4 różne systemy wentylacyjne: wentylację grawitacyjną (okienną), system z ogrzewanym powietrzem, mechaniczna instalacje z elementami odprowadzającymi i doprowadzającymi oraz funkcją odzysku ciepła oraz mechaniczna instalację z pojedynczymi wentylatorami. Następujące parametry zostały pomierzone: względna wilgotność powietrza, koncentracja CO2, temperatura powietrza, zużycie energii elektrycznej, gazu i ciepła, czas działania wentylacji okiennej, czas działania wentylacji mechanicznej i ilość mieszkańców. Wymieniono zalety i wady wszystkich 4 systemów wentylacyjnych. Omówiono związki zachodzące pomiędzy zastosowaną wentylacją a zużyciem ciepła z uwzględnieniem opinii mieszkańców.

2

EGNOS European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service Basic Technical Background

Benedicto J., Michel P., Ventura-Traveset J, Maier T.

Reports on Geodesy

|

1999

|

z. 3/44

267-275

EN

The EGNOS (Europem Geostationary Navigation Overlay System) System is being developed in Europe to provide GPS and GLONASS regional augmentation services to aviation, maritime and land users. EGNOS is a major element of the European Satellite Navigation Programme (ESNP) which is jointly being implemented by the Commission of the European Union (CEU), the European Space Agency (ESA) and EUROCONTROL. EGNOS will provide the fotlowing services: GEO-based GPS-like Ranging signals (R-GEO) to improve the availability and continuity of GPS posilion fix; GNSS Integrity Channel (GIC) to improve the integrity of GPS and GLONASS-based navigation and position determination for safety critical applicattons: and Wide-Area Differential corrections (WAD) to improve accuracy of GPS-SPS and GLONASS EGNOS will also disseminate accurate time to all users in the Geostationary Broadcast Area (GBA), synchronised to UTC. The EGNOS System is being designed to serve the needs of all modes of transport in the European Region, namely: Civil Aviation as sole means of navigation for all phases of flight up to and including Category l landing; maritime and in-land water navigation and docking; and rail and road transport and traffic monitoring systems. The EGNOS System is also being designed to be compatible and interoperable with the other satellite based augmentation systems, namely. WAAS , Canadian WAAS and MSAS (Multi-transport Satellite based Augmentation System), respectively in the USA, Canada and Japan. This paper provides a system perspective of the EGNOS Project including: EGNOS mission and performance objectives: EGNOS architecture; EGNOS programme overview: and interoperability aspects with other SBAS.

3

Carbohydrate Chains and Their Binding Sites in Mistletoe Lectin I

Stoeva S., Maier T., Soler M., Voelter W.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

|

1999

|

vol. 73 nr 1

125-133

EN

The carbohydrate moieties, linked to mistletoe lectin 1 (ML-1) are characterized by enzymatic digestion of the individual A and B chains (MLA and MLB), HPLC separation of the (glyco)peptide digests and their sequence and mass spectrometric analysis. All carbohydrate chains are linked via Asn residues to the MLA protein molecule. A xylomannose-type oligosaccharide (1) structure (Man3Xyl1Fuc1GlcNac2) is attached to the Asn112 residue of the A chain. Three different glycosylation sites are identified for the B chain: oligosaccharide II (Man6GlcNac2) is found to be linked to Asn96 as well as Asn136 residues. In homologous mistletoe lectins, isolated from different harvest batches, oligosaccharide III (Man5GlcNac2) is attached to Asn136 instead of oligosaccharide II**.