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Diversity of hydrozoans on artificial substrates in large commercial ports of the Sea of Marmara

Yüksel Esin, Isinibilir Melek, Martell Luis

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

2024

Vol. 53, No. 4

435--446

Research on biofouling assemblages in large ports is crucial for economic, environmental and regulatory purposes, as it provides critical information for managing marine ecosystems, preventing the spread of invasive species and developing effective antifouling strategies. Hydrozoans are among the most common invertebrates found in marine biofouling communities, making them a priority taxon for monitoring and identification in large ports. In this study, we documented the diversity of benthic hydrozoans growing on three types of artificial panels (wood, plastic, and rope) submerged for three months in the major commercial ports of Ambarli, Haydarpasa, Kocaeli, and Bandirma, located in the Sea of Marmara. Seven species of hydrozoans (Ectopleura crocea, Obelia dichotoma, Bougainvillia muscus, Clytia gracilis, Eudendrium capillare, Eudendrium merulum and Sertularella ellisii) were observed throughout the study. Unique fouling hydrozoan assemblages were identified in each port, regardless of the type of panel used, suggesting that differences in the pool of species available for recruitment and port-specific conditions have a greater impact on the structure of local fouling assemblages than the type of substrate. Ectopleura crocea, a species typical of artificial substrates and characterized by high invasive potential, was recorded for the first time in the Sea of Marmara during this study.

Summer distribution and community structure of surface water mesozooplankton from the eastern Mediterranean Sea

Isinibilir Melek, Aker Vedat, Türkeri Ezgi E.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

2022

Vol. 51, No. 4

308--324

The zooplankton community structure and its relationship with environmental parameters were evaluated in the surface waters (0–50 m) of the eastern Mediterranean (the Aegean Sea’s coastal waters and the Levanine Sea’s coastal and offshore waters), from coastal waters to open sea waters, during the summer for two years. A total of 157 species/groups were registered in the study area. Copepods, cladocerans, doliolids, meroplankton and appendicularians represented the most important zooplankton groups. Five copepod species (Corycaeus [Onychocorycaeus] ovalis, Goniopsyllus clausi, Oncaea scottodicarloi, Sapphirina bicuspidata and Scaphocalanus curtus) have been recorded for the first time in Turkish coastal regions; three species (Centropages bradyi, Goniopsyllus clausi and Oncaea scottodicarloi) had not previously been found in the Aegean Sea; and one species (Goniopsyllus clausi) has been added for the first time to the eastern Mediterranean fauna. Moreover, Pleopis schmackeri was already found to be present in both the Aegean Sea and Mediterranean coasts of Turkey in August 2006. Dominant species varied from the coastal waters to open waters. A small number of species belonging to the coastal community (e.g. Penilia avirostris, Pseudevadne tergestina, Oithona plumifera, Paracalanus parvus and Centropages kroyeri) dominated all coastal areas. In contrast, the open water stations were characterised by the presence of typically epipelagic species of the Mediterranean Sea (e.g. Calocalanus spp., Clausocalanus furcatus, Lucicutia flavicornis, Mecynocera clausi, Farranula rostrata, Oncaea scottodicarloi and Oncaea mediterranea).