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1
Content available Integrated research of multi-purpose stanchion baskets for transporting timber and containers
Bizoń Krzysztof, Chmielewska Aleksandra, Chudzikiewicz Andrzej, Sładkowski Aleksander, Stelmach Anna
Transport Problems
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2023
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T. 18, z. 4
73--86
EN
Analyses of cargo transport in 2021 show that despite the increased volume of cargo transported by all types of transport compared to 2020, road transport is still dominant compared to rail transport. Therefore, all actions aimed at improving these unfavorable relations (rail transport vs. road transport) in transport, particularly cargo transport, should be considered purposeful and justified. One such activity is the ongoing work on the design and construction of freight wagons for specialized transport. Unlike universal wagons, specialized wagons are characterized by a limited ability to transport a wide range of material groups. An example is the transport of timber. However, the development of new transport technologies, and above all, technical and organizational progress, force the organizers of these transport modes to look for new logistic and rolling stock solutions. The aforementioned transport of timber is an example of this. The transport of wood does not constitute a large volume of transport, but taking into account its transport issues (transport with large truck tractors, high axle loads, and high risks for other road users), it is a classic example of the fact that it should not be carried out by road over long distances. Therefore, all actions aimed at reducing these issues and improving efficiency by using rail transport are desirable and even necessary. The article presents an innovative design solution in the form of a stanchion basket installed on flat wagons, allowing the use of standard wagons of this type to transport both containers and timber as well as loads such as beams and pipes. Such a solution will allow the use of empty runs of these wagons after unloading wood at the destination station for further transport of containers and vice versa. The considerations described in the article show the research process at the construction stage and testing the prototype of the built basket and the wagon with the stanchion basket structure placed on it.
2
Content available Estimating the demand for railway freight transportation: a case study in Kazakhstan
Sultanbek Madiyar, Adilova Nazdana, Sładkowski Aleksander, Karibayev Arnur
Transport Problems
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2023
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T. 18, z. 3
77--88
EN
This article focuses on the critical importance of demand estimates for effective planning and decision-making in the railway freight transportation industry. Various departments within transportation companies, including marketing, production, distribution, and finance departments, heavily rely on accurate demand forecasts to make informed decisions. Forecasting demand is a crucial aspect of managing business processes, and the methods for doing this can vary across different industries. The ultimate goal remains consistent - to obtain precise predictions of future demand by analyzing historical data and current environmental factors. In the context of transportation services, accurate demand forecasting is essential for successful operational planning and management of functional areas such as transportation operations, marketing, and finance. The current case study specifically examines the National Company Kazakhstan Temir Zholy (KTZ), a transport and logistics holding engaged in rail transportation in Kazakhstan. KTZ’s main sources of income are related to freight transportation. The volume of cargo transportation (in tons) and the freight turnover play a significant role in assessing demand and forecasting future revenues from freight traffic. Different techniques for demand forecasting are explored, including qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative methods rely on judgments and opinions, while quantitative methods utilize historical data or identify causal relationships between variables. Overall, the present study highlights the critical role of demand forecasting in the railway freight transportation industry and its impact on efficient planning and decision-making processes.
3
Content available Mathematical modeling of the aeroion mode in a car
Biliaiev Mykola, Pshinko Oleksandr, Rusakova Tetiana, Biliaieva Viktoriia, Sładkowski Aleksander
Transport Problems
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2022
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T. 17, z. 2
19--32
EN
In this study, a mathematical method is proposed for calculating the concentration field of air ions of different polarities and dust levels in the passenger compartment, taking into account the geometry of the passenger compartment and seats, shelves, and other internal elements of the passenger compartment. The method also takes into account changes in the rate of the air flow ventilation, the location and number of ionizers, and sources of positive ions and dust, taking into account their different intensities and locations. On the basis of a numerical model for this method, software has been developed that allows users to carry out computational experiments without requiring much time for calculation. Based on the results, the optimal location of the ionizer in the passenger compartment of the car was determined to ensure comfortable conditions for the stay of passengers, which favorably affects their health. It has been found that the presence of two ionizers is optimal for creating comfort in the car with an ionization intensity of Qn= 0.47 ×1010 ions/s located at the top of the car. If there is one ionizer located on the dashboard or at the top of the car with a higher ionization rate than ions/s, it is not possible to simultaneously provide optimal ionization parameters for passengers in the front and rear seats of the car.
4
Content available Assessing logistic factors and forecasting their impact on economic growth: the example of Kazakhstan
Raimbekov Zhanarys, Sharipbekova Kunduz, Syzdykbayeva Bakyt, Turginbayeva Ardak, Sładkowski Aleksander
Transport Problems
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2022
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T. 17, z. 4
41--54
EN
This article assesses the impact of the development of logistics systems (LS) on the efficiency of the economy. A multi-level methodology for assessing the impact of LS on the economy consisting of six stages (transport, investment, economic, information, material and technical, labor and infrastructure) is proposed using a dynamic structural model for a group of macroeconomic logistical factors for the period 2009-2020 for the republic and the regions of Kazakhstan. Their close relationship with economic growth has been established. Based on the results of factorial and index methods of analysis, mechanisms of differentiation in the management of the regional economy are proposed based on the level of development of logistics and their impact on the growth of the regional economy. Four groups of regions are identified according to the level of development of logistics and their impact on the economy, and directions for their further development are proposed. The forecast is based on the studied factors up to 2030. In particular, it has been established that for the long-term development of the economy of Kazakhstan, the development of agriculture and industry, investment in fixed assets, freight turnover, the availability of vehicles, wages, communication services, and the density of the railway network are important factors.
5
Content available Computing model for simulation of the pollution dispersion near the road with solid barriers
Biliaiev Mykola, Pshinko Oleksandr, Rusakova Tetiana, Biliaieva Viktoriia, Sładkowski Aleksander
Transport Problems
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2021
|
T. 16, z. 2
73--86
EN
In this study, a numerical model is proposed for calculating pollution zones near the road, taking into account the geometry of the automobile transport meteorological conditions, the location of the barriers and their height, and the chemical transformation of nitrogen oxides in the atmospheric air. The numerical solution is based on the integration of the mass transfer equations using the finite-difference method. To determine the components of the air flow velocity vector, a two-dimensional model of the potential flow is used, where the Laplace equation for the velocity potential is the modeling equation. Based on this numerical model, a software package has been developed that allows computational experiments and does not require large expenditures of computer time. Based on the results obtained, an assessment was made of the effectiveness of the use of barriers to reduce the level of air pollution near highways. It has been established that the use of barriers of different heights reduces the level of pollution behind the road by approximately 20-50%.
6
Content available Multi-criteria choice of the region for the construction of a logistics center based on AHP: case study for Kazakhstan
Sładkowski Aleksander, Teltayev Bagdat, Izteleuova Madina
Transport Problems
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2020
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T. 15, z. 2
119--131
EN
The current state of the regional market of transport and logistics services in Kazakhstan is characterized by a disparity between the increasing demand for Logistics services and the lack of logistics capacity. In this article, the authors propose a method for determining the most promising areas of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the construction of a logistics center, based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP).
7
Content available Increasing the resource of milling cutters used to process the locomotive wheelsets. Part 2: Study of stressed-deformed state
Sładkowski Aleksander, Proydak Yuriy, Ruban Vladislav
Transport Problems
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2020
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T. 15, z. 3
139--151
EN
The article deals with the stress-strain state of the cutters used in the mills of a new design for the restoration of the working surfaces of locomotive wheels. A comparative analysis of stresses in the cutters was carried out using the finite element method, which showed a significant advantage of the new technical solution, the novelty of which is confirmed by the patent.
8
Content available Application of local exhaust systems to reduce pollution concentration near the road
Biliaiev Mykola, Pshinko Oleksandr, Rusakova Tetiana, Biliaieva Viktoriia, Sładkowski Aleksander
Transport Problems
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2020
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T. 15, z. 4, cz. 1
137--148
EN
In this study, the methodological foundations of the technology for the local reduction of chemical pollution from vehicles were improved through the use of twolevel suction units and guide plates of various lengths installed on the nozzles of the suction devices. A program has been developed for the numerical calculation of the carbon monoxide concentration field for evaluating the efficiency of using two-level exhaust systems with different lengths of guide plates on the gas flow selection pipes. The solution of the equations of hydrodynamics and mass transfer is carried out on the basis of finite-difference methods. A number of physical and computational experiments have been carried out; it has been established that the concentration of carbon monoxide in the zone of two-level suctions location decreases by 46-68%.
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