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1

Weed Infestation and Yielding of Potato Under Conditions of Varied Use of Herbicides and Bio-Stimulants

Gugała M., Zarzecka K., Dołęga H., Sikorska A.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 19, nr 4

191--196

EN

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of applied herbicides and growth regulators on the airborne limitation of dry weed mass and the total yield of three edible potato varieties. The field experiment was established as two-factor in a (split-plot) system in three replications. The experiment examined: I factor – three moderately early varieties of edible potato: Bartek, Gawin, Honorata. II factor – five ways of using herbicides and bio-stimulants: 1. control object: mechanical care 2. Harrier 295 ZC herbicide at a dose of 2.0 dm3·ha-1, 3. Harrier 295 ZC herbicide at a dose of 2.0 dm3·ha-1 and then after the plant rises the Kelpak SL bioregulator twice at a dose of 2.0 dm3·ha-1, 4. Sencor 70 WG herbicide at a dose of 1.0 kg·ha-1, 5. Sencor 70 WG herbicide and then after the plant rises the Asahi SL bio-stimulant twice at a dose of 1.0 dm3·ha-1. The obtained test results showed that the smallest dry weed mass determined in both research dates was obtained using Harrier 295 ZC herbicide and Kelpak SL growth bio-stimulant (0.7 g·m-2 and 3.1 g·m-2), while the largest in the control object (15.1 and 64.7 g·m-2), respectively. The total yield of potato tubers depended on both the types of herbicides and bio-stimulants used and the varieties cultivated in the experiment. However, the weather conditions which varied in particular years significantly influenced both the size of the air-dried mass of weeds and the total yield of potato tubers.

2

The Effect of Biostimulators on the Tastiness and Darkening of the Pulp of Raw and Cooked Potato Tubers

Mystkowska I., Baranowska A., Zarzecka K., Gugała M., Sikorska A.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 19, nr 5

116--121

EN

Field experiments were carried out in 2015–2017 with the use of bio-stimulators on an individual farm in Międzyrzec Podlaski. The experiment was based on a random split-plot method. The influence of two first factors was examined. The primary factor included three varieties of edible potato: Honorata, Jelly, Tajfun, and the secondary factor involved five ways of using bio-stimulators: Kelpak SL, Titanit, Green Ok, Brunatne Bio Złoto Cytokinin. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of bio-stimulators on the tastiness and darkening of the pulp of raw and cooked tubers after 10 minutes. The effectiveness of the application of individual bio-stimulators in the cultivation of edible potato varieties: Honorata, Jelly and Tajfun was compared with the control object (without using bio-stimulators) sprayed with water. The methods of using bio-stimulators did not change the tastiness and darkening of the pulp of raw tubers, but they had a significant impact on the darkening of the pulp of the cooked tubers. The raw and cooked pulp of the Honorata variety darkened the least, and the Jelly variety turned out to be the tastiest, scoring 8.0 points on a scale of 1–9 compared to the remaining varieties.

3

Ecological Evaluation of Sustainable Development in the Studied Farms of Przysucha County

Niewęgłowski M., Gugała M., Włodarczyk B., Sikorska A.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 19, nr 6

146--152

EN

The subject of the research involved the agricultural farms from the Przysucha county (Masovian Voivodeship, Poland). The assessment of ecological results from farms was the purpose of the thesis. Evaluation was made by using selected indicators: minerals balance, soil's organic substances balance and vegetation cover of soil's index. The research was carried out among 100 chosen agricultural farms, situated on light soil, i.e. rye soil. The ecological assessment of the examined farms showed that all of minerals balances (N, P, K) and soil's organic substances balances were positive. In the case of nitrogen, balances exceeded the limit value 30 kg N·ha-1. Vegetation cover of soil's index, as regards arable land, did not reach the recommended value, i.e. at least 60%. However, the cover of utilised agricultural area soil was similar to the recommended level (>70%). That was because of the large orchards and permanent crops share in horticultural farms, as well as large permanent grassland share in bovine and mixed farms.

4

The Impact of Agrotechnical Factors on Fresh and Dry Matter of Oilseed Rape

Sikorska A., Gugała M., Zarzecka K., Kapela K., Mystkowska I.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 18, nr 3

174--179

EN

The field experiment was conducted in the years of 2013–2016 at the Agricultural Experimental Station – Zawady belonging to the University of Natural Sciences and Humanities in Siedlce. The experiment was set in the split-split-plot system in three repetitions. The studied factors were: I – three varieties of oilseed rape: Monolit (population variety), PR 44D06 (hybrid restored variety with a semi dwarf growth type), PT 205 (hybrid restored variety with a traditional growth type). II – two ways of sowing: 22.5 cm spacing (row sowing – density of sowing 60 seeds per 1 m-2), 45.0 cm spacing (point sowing – density of sowing 40 seeds per 1 m-2). III – four types of bio-stimulators used: the control object (without the use of bio-stimulators), Tytanit® bio-stimulator, Asahi®SL bio-stimulator, Silvit® bio-stimulator. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of the types of used bio-stimulators and the way of sowing on the fresh and dry mass of plants (rosette, root) of three varieties of winter oilseed rape. The fresh and dry mass of the aboveground part of rosette and the fresh and dry mass of the root system depended significantly on the genetic factor, types of used bio-stimulators and atmospheric conditions prevailing in the individual years of research. From the cultivated varieties, the largest fresh and dry mass of the aboveground part of 1 rosette (on average of 33.3 g and 6.34 g) and the fresh and dry mass of the root system of 1 plant (an average of 7.97g and 2.30 g) characterised the population morphotype – Monolit. Types of the bio-stimulators used significantly impact the increased values of these characteristics. The greatest fresh and dry mass of plants (rosette, root) was noted on object 3, on which the Asahi SL bio-stimulator was used.

5

The Impact of Methods of Care on the Content and Collection of Zinc and Copper With the Yield of Potato Tubers

Gugała M., Zarzecka K., Sikorska A., Dołęga H., Kapela K., Krasnodębska E.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2016

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Vol. 17, nr 4

289--294

EN

The field experiment was conducted in the years of 2012–2014 in the Agricultural Experimental Station Zawady belonging to the University of Natural Sciences and Humanities in Siedlce. The two factor experiment was set up in the split-plot system in triplicate. The investigated factors were: I – three varieties of edible potato: Bartek, Gawin and Honorata. II – five ways of care: 1. Harrier herbicide 295 ZC – 2.0 dm3·ha-1; 2. Harrier herbicide 295 ZC – 2.0 dm3·ha-1 with the biostimulator Kelpak SL – 4.0 dm3·ha-1; 3. Sencor herbicide 70 WG – 1.0 kg·ha-1; 4. Sencor herbicide 70 WG – 1.0 kg·ha-1 with the biostimulator Asahi SL – 1.5 dm3·ha-1; 5. The control object – mechanical care. The content of zinc and copper and their collection with the yield of tubers significantly depended on the ways of care, genetic factor and climatic conditions in the years of the study. In the objects (2, 4) where herbicides were used with biostimulators, a greater concentration of zinc was obtained in relation to the control object and the remaining (3, 5) in which only herbicides were used. The applied care methods did not affect the content of copper in the analysed tubers. The greatest collection of zinc an copper with the yield of tubers was obtained in the objects: where the mixture of the Sencor herbicide 70 WG – 1.0 kg·ha-1 was used with the biostimulator Asahi SL – 1.5 dm3-1 and herbicide Sencor 70 WG in a dose of – 1.0 kg ·ha-1.

6

Seasonal Changes In Selected Indicators of Water Quality of the Łydynia River

Gugała M., Sikorska A., Kapela K., Zarzecka K.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2016

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Vol. 17, nr 1

149--153

EN

The objective of the research was to compare seasonal changes in selected indicators of water quality of the Łydynia river against Regulation of the Minister of Environment of 9 November 2011 on classification method for waterbody of surface waters and environmental quality standards for priority substances (Dz. U. [Journal of Laws] 2011, No. 257, item 1545). Water samples were taken in Ciechanów in the spring and autumn from 2009 to 2011. Water pH, specific conductance and calcium ion (Ca2+) and magnesium ion (Mg2+) concentrations were determined as part of physical and chemical analysis. The study results were compared with the limit values of water quality indicators established in annex no. 1 for the aforementioned regulation. The water quality of the Łydynia river was found to be class I water (class I being the highest purity class). Additionally, colour and turbidity (the parameters not included in the aforementioned regulation) were determined in water samples.

7

Impact of Herbicides on Consumption Characters of Potato Tubers

Gugała M., Zarzecka K., Krasnodębska E., Sikorska A.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2016

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Vol. 17, nr 2

153--156

EN

The aim of the undertaken studies was to determine the effect of the herbicides used in the experiment on important features of the consumption values of three varieties of edible potato. Test results come from a field experiment conducted in 2007–2010. The experiment was established as two-factor in the split-plot system in three repetitions. Two factors were tested in the experiment: factor I - potato varieties: Satina, Tajfun, Cekin; factor II – five methods of weed control. Darkening of the pulp of cooked tubers after 10 min, 2 and 24 hours shape the ways of weed control of the plantation and the genotype of the grown varieties. The use of herbicides in 2–5 variants has significantly increased the darkening of the pulp. The Tajfun variation darkened to the lowest degree, and Cekin to the largest degree.

8

Effect of Some Herbicides Application on Nitrates (V) Content in Potato Tubers

Zarzecka K., Gugała M., Dołęga H., Mystkowska I., Baranowska A., Sikorska A., Głuszczak B.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2016

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Vol. 17, nr 3

198--202

EN

A field experiment was carried out in the Agricultural Experimental Station Zawady (52°03’ N; 22°33’E), owned by the Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities in 2005–2007. The research was designed as a two factors randomized block with three replicates. The factors examined in the experiment included two potato varieties – Irga and Balbina and four weed control methods combined mechanical and chemical for herbicides application: Plateen 41,5 WG (metribuzin + flufenacet), Racer 250 EC (fluorochloridone), Sencor 70 WG (metribuzin), and control object – mechanical weeding before and after potato sprouting. The study was designed to test the influence of weed control methods on nitrates content in consumption potato tubers. The nitrates (V) content depended on the weed control methods, varieties and weather conditions throughout the growing season. The highest nitrates (V) content was determined when weeds were controlled mechanically and chemically using Sencor 70 WG. The study results demonstrated that Balbina had a higher concentration of nitrates (V) compared with Irga.

9

Wastewater management in food processing enterprises – a case study of the Ciechanów dairy cooperative

Gugała M., Zarzecka K., Sikorska A.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2015

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Vol. 16, nr 1

178--183

EN

The paper reports on wastewater management in food processing enterprises, using the Ciechanów Dairy Cooperative as an example. The efficiency of preliminary treatment of wastewater entering the municipal sewerage system was evaluated using basic pollution indices for wastewater pre-treated in the process of chemical neutralisation as well as results of physical and chemical analyses of raw wastewater from fromage fraise and cottage cheese production lines. The number of exceedances of permissible values of pollution indices in pre-treated wastewater was determined based on values set in the water legal permits issued by the relevant authority. Pretreated wastewater entering the municipal sewerage system met the standards for permissible wastewater pollution indicators excluding BOD5 (biochemical oxygen demand) and COD (chemical oxygen demand). Physical and chemical analysis was performed of total raw wastewater and wastewater discharged from fromage fraise and cottage cheese production lines. Pollution indicators (COD, total nitrogen, orthophosphates, total suspensions, fats, pH) had high values but they remained within the ranges typical for dairy food processing.

10

The Effect of Agrotechnical Factors on the Potassium Content and its Removal by Potato Tubers

Zarzecka K., Gugała M., Mystkowska I., Sikorska A., Baranowska A.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2015

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Vol. 16, nr 4

180--184

EN

A 3-year field experiment covered two methods of soil tillage, conventional and sim-plified, as well as the following herbicide options: Plateen 41,5 WG, Plateen 41,5 WG + Fusilade Forte 150 EC, Plateen 41,5 WG + Fusilade Forte 150 EC + adjuvant Atpolan 80 EC, Barox 460 SL, Barox 460 SL + Fusilade Forte 150 EC, Barox 460 SL + Fusilade Forte 150 EC + adjuvant Atpolan 80 EC and control object – mechanical weeding. Potassium content and its removal by potato tubers significantly depended on soil tillage methods, weed control methods and research years. More potassium was contained in tubers harvested from conventional tillage compared with the re-duced tillage. Herbicides applied in the potato field significantly decreased potassium content in tubers compared with the control object. Simplifications of soil tillage de-creased potassium accumulation in potato tubers compared with the conventional till-age. Significant changes were also observed in content of potassium and its removal by 1 tonne tubers between the experimental years.

11

Changes in the Content of Total Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium In Potato Tubers Under the Influence of the use of Herbicides

Gugała M., Sikorska A., Zarzecka K., Kapela K.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2015

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Vol. 16, nr 5

82--86

EN

A field experiment was conducted in the years 2005–2007 in RSD in Zawady belonging to the University of Natural Sciences and Humanities in Siedlce. The experiment was set in the split – plot system in three repetitions. The investigated factors were: I – edible potato varieties - Irga and Balbina. II – four ways of mechanical cultivation – three using herbicides: Plateen 41.5 WG, Racer 250 EC, Sencor 70 WG and without herbicides (control object). The aim of the studies was to determine the effect of herbicides on the content of total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in tubers of two varieties of the edible potato. The mechanical-chemical care applied in the experiment contributed to the increase in the content of total nitrogen and lowering of phosphorus and potassium compared to the only mechanical care. The Irga variety was characterised by a significantly higher content of total nitrogen (average – 15.84 g·kg-1) and phosphorus (average – 3.526 g·kg-1), while the Balbina variety had a higher content of potassium – average 25.28 g·kg-1. Climatic conditions in particular growing seasons had a significant impact on the content of total nitrogen and potassium in edible potato tubers.

12

Analysis of Energy Consumption in the Facilities of the Ciechanów Dairy Cooperative

Gugała M., Zarzecka K., Kapela K., Sikorska A.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2015

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Vol. 16, nr 3

139--142

EN

The work presents the analysis of electric energy consumption in individual buildings of the Ciechanów Dairy Cooperative in 2011. The plant includes a cool storage facility, a boiler house, a compression room and CIP (Cleaning In Place) stations. The plant manufactures liquid milk, cream, cheese, cottage cheese, cream cheese, butter and yoghurts. In 2011, the total electric energy consumption in the Cechanów Dairy Cooperative was 873114.0 kWh. The highest energy consumption (556430.0 kWh0 was recorded for the cooler (63.7% of total consumption) and the lowest for CIP stations (33084.0 kWh). The average electric energy consumption in the Cooperative plant was 72759.5 kWh, the highest (104800.6 kWh) in November and the lowest (40000.6 kWh) in March.

13

Analysis of electrical energy consumption in technological lines in Ciechanow Dairy Cooperative

Kapela K., Gugała M., Sikorska A., Borusiewicz A.

Agricultural Engineering

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2015

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Vol. 19, No. 2

57--63

EN

The paper deals with analysis of electrical energy consumption by technological lines of particular dairy products in Ciechanow Diary Cooperative in 2011. Ciechanow Dairy Cooperative is an average establishment on account of size. The establishment produces milk, sour cream, cheese and curd, butter, homogenised cheese and yoghurt. Based on data provided by the cooperative, actual indexes of electrical energy consumpton were calculated and compared with the values obtained in dairy cooperatives of the selected EU states. In 2011, the average value of the index of electrical energy consumption in Ciechanow Dairy Cooperative was 46.5 kWh·10 hl-1 of the processed milk. This value is considerably lower than the average one reported in dairy cooperatives in Poland. The highest amount of electrical energy consumed for milk and milk drinks production is in Sweden, the lowest in Poland and Denmark.

PL

W pracy przedstawiono analizę zużycia energii elektrycznej przez linie technologiczne poszczególnych przetworów mlecznych w Ciechanowskiej Spółdzielni Mleczarskiej w 2011 roku. Ciechanowska Spółdzielnia Mleczarska pod względem produkcji jest zakładem średniej wielkości. W zakładzie produkuje się: mleko spożywcze, śmietanę, sery i twarogi, masło, serki homogenizowane oraz jogurty. Na podstawie danych udostępnionych przez zakład obliczono rzeczywiste wskaźniki zużycia energii elektrycznej i porównano z wartościami osiąganymi w zakładach mleczarskich wy-branych krajów Unii Europejskiej. W 2011 roku średnia wartość wskaźnika zużycia energii elektrycznej w Ciechanowskiej Spółdzielni Mleczarskiej wyniosła 46,5 kWh·10 hl-1 przetwarzanego mleka. Wartość ta jest znacznie niższa od przeciętnej notowanej w zakładach mleczarskich w Polsce. Na produkcję mleka i napojów mlecznych największe ilości energii elektrycznej zużywane są w Szwecji, a najmniejsze w Polsce i Danii.

14

Planowanie przedsięwzięć z wykorzystaniem optymalizacji stochastycznej

Walczak R., Wiśniewski C., Kludacz M., Sikorska A.

Logistyka

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2014

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nr 6

10842--10851

PL

W pracy przedstawiono przykład minimalizacji kosztów całkowitych przedsięwzięcia z wykorzystaniem optymalizacji stochastycznej. W rozpatrywanym projekcie uwzględniono koszty stałe i zmienne. Koszty stałe zależą od czasu jego realizacji, a koszty zmienne przypisane są do każdego z zadań. W celu skrócenia czasu trwania ścieżki krytycznej możliwe jest skracanie czasów trwania poszczególnych czynności uwzględniając związany z tym przyrost kosztów zmiennych oraz spadek kosztów stałych. Optymalizacja miała na celu dobranie czasów trwania zadań, aby suma kosztów stałych i zmiennych była jak najmniejsza. Koszty zmienne, jak i czas trwania zadań, mieściły się w określonych przedziałach optymalizacji. Dla porównania przeprowadzono obliczenia metodą deterministyczną. Przeprowadzona symulacja pozwoliła na zmniejszenie kosztów całkowitych o 10% w stosunku do obliczeń deterministycznych.

EN

The article presents minimization of project’s total costs using stochastic optimization. In the considered project fixed and variable costs were taken into account. The fixed costs depend on project duration, while the variable costs are assigned to each task. In order to shorten project’s critical path it is possible to shorten each task, while taking into account related increase in variable costs and decrease in fixed costs. The goal of the optimization process was to find tasks durations’ resulting in minimized project’s total cost. Fixed costs and tasks’ durations were in the specific optimization ranges. The stochastic method allowed to reduce total project cost by 10% compared to results of deterministic calculations used as a baseline.

15

Curve Number Estimation for a Small Urban Catchment from Recorded Rainfall-Runoff Events

Banasik K., Krajewski A., Sikorska A., Hejduk L.

Archives of Environmental Protection

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2014

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Vol. 40, no. 3

75--86

EN

Runoff estimation is a key component in various hydrological considerations. Estimation of storm runoff is especially important for the effective design of hydraulic and road structures, for the ﬂood ﬂow management, as well as for the analysis of land use changes, i.e. urbanization or low impact development of urban areas. The curve number (CN) method, developed by Soil Conservation Service (SCS) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture for predicting the ﬂood runoff depth from ungauged catchments, has been in continuous use for ca. 60 years. This method has not been extensively tested in Poland, especially in small urban catchments, because of lack of data. In this study, 39 rainfall-runoff events, collected during four years (2009–2012) in a small (A=28.7 km2), urban catchment of Służew Creek in southwest part of Warsaw were used, with the aim of determining the CNs and to check its applicability to ungauged urban areas. The parameters CN, estimated empirically, vary from 65.1 to 95.0, decreasing with rainfall size and, when sorted rainfall and runoff separately, reaching the value from 67 to 74 for large rainfall events.

PL

Wyznaczenia odpływu jest jednym z kluczowym zagadnień badań hydrologicznych. Określenie warstwy odpływu z opadów burzowych jest potrzebne zarówno do prac projektowych, tj. do wymiarowani obiektów hydrotechnicznych (jazy, zapory) i komunikacyjnych (mosty, przepusty), jak i do analiz skutków zmian środowiskowych jak; użytkowania terenu, urbanizacji czy zwiększania retencyjności w terenach miejskich. Jedną z najbardziej rozpowszechnionych w praktyce inżynierskiej metod, do wyznaczania odpływu w zlewniach nieobserwowanych, jest opracowana w latach 50-tych ubiegłego wieku, przez Departament Rolnictwa USA, metoda – SCS-CN (Soil Conservation Service – Curve Number). Celem pracy jest sprawdzenie stosowalności metody w przykładowej małej zlewni zurbanizowanej (A=28.7 km2) w Warszawie, poprzez wyznaczenie parametru metody (CN), na podstawie zarejestrowanych 39 zdarzeń opad-odpływ w latach 2009–2012, i porównanie jej z wartością tablicową (wyznaczoną na podstawie rodzaju gleb i pokrycia terenu zlewni). Analiza zarejestrowanych zdarzeń opad-odpływ wykazała zmienność parametru CN, określonego dla każdego ze zdarzeń, w zakresie od 65 do 95, z tym że wartości te maleją wraz ze wzrostem warstwy opadu. Wyznaczając CN dla par, niezależnie uszeregowanych warstw, opadu i odpływu stwierdzono, że dla dużych opadów (przekraczających 35 mm) parametr CN dąży do wartości 67–74, w zależności od rodzaju przyjętej funkcji aproksymacji, i jest zbliżony do wartości ustalonej z map glebowych i użytkowania zlewni.

16

Innowacyjna technologia na rynku gospodarki odpadami niebezpiecznymi

Sikorska A.

Gaz, Woda i Technika Sanitarna

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2013

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Nr 5

220--221

PL

Ochrona środowiska potrzebuje efektywnych metod i rozwiązań w gospodarowaniu odpadami, ponieważ staje się to jednym z istotnych aspektów rozwoju nowoczesnego społeczeństwa. Eco- Protect Base - to nazwa unikalnej nowej technologii stabilizacji/zestalania w branży gospodarki odpadami, a w szczególności odpadami niebezpiecznymi. Jest to proces wiązania i stabilizacji odpadów niebezpiecznych znoszący cechy odpadu niebezpiecznego nawet dla mieszanin odpadów w różnej formie i różnym stopniu uwodnienia (np. błoto, popiół, zanieczyszczenia gleby, zawieszenie, emulsje, odpady przemysłowe, itp.). Dzięki technologii EPB możliwe jest tworzenie produktów z odpadów, które spełniają normy i wymogi budowlane, bezpieczeństwa i higieny pracy.

EN

The environment need to efectively cope with the waste streams of modern society and cities is now becoming paramount and in time will have an impact on the framework of entire society. Eco- Protect Base - is the name given to unique new stabilization/solidification technology for the waste management industry, in particular, hazardous waste. This is the process of binding and stabilising dangerous waste, depriving of features of dangerous waste even for mixtures of waste in various forms and different degree of hydratation (for example: mud, ashes, soil pollution, suspension, emulsions, industrial waste, etc.). With the EPB technology it is possible to making products using of the waste which will pass building, health and safety standards.

17

Wyznaczenie czasu opóźnienia odpływu bezpośredniego w zlewni Potoku Służewieckiego na podstawie danych pomiarowych

Sikorska A., Banasik K.

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

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2008

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Vol. 17, No. 4

19--29

PL

Celem pracy było wyznaczenie czasu opóźnienia odpływu i parametrów modelu Nasha w zlewni Potoku Służewieckiego po profil Staw Berensewicza na podstawie danych opad-odpływ zarejestrowanych w zlewni. Analizę przeprowadzono na podstawie danych pomiarowych z półrocza letniego 2007 roku dla dwóch metod rozdziału opadu całkowitego, tj. dla metody CN-SCS oraz metody funkcji wykładniczej. Do analizy wybrano te zdarzenia, dla których maksymalny stan wody przekroczył 75cm (Qmax=1m3 s-1). W półroczu letnim 2007 zaobserwowano 15 zdarzeń spełniających to kryterium. Do transformacji opadu efektywnego w odpływ bezpośredni zastosowany został chwilowy hydrogram jednostkowy wg modelu Nasha. Model ten porównuje zjawiska hydrologiczne zachodzące na terenie zlewni rzecznej do działania systemu złożonego z kaskady N zbiorników liniowych o czasie retencji k. W wyniku przeprowadzonej stwierdzono, iż dla 2 zastosowanych metod rozdziału opadu efektywnego uzyskano różne wartości czasu opóźnienia odpływu, co jest związane z położeniem środka ciężkości hietogramu opadu efektywnego w obu metodach. Ponadto dla metody CN-SCS uzyskano większą wartość czasu opóźnienia odpływu (3,77h) niż dla metody funkcji wykładniczej (3,37h). Problematyka przedstawiona w pracy podjęta została przez pierwszego współautora w magisterskiej pracy dyplomowej pt. „Analiza przepływów wezbraniowych w zlewni rzecznej Potoku Służewieckiego w profilu Staw Berensewicza” na kierunku ochrona środowiska (Sikorska 2008).

EN

The main goal of this article was estimation of the lag time of direct runoff in Sluzew Creek catchment, located in Warsaw (Poland). To calculations there were used measured data of rainfall (Okecie rain gauging station) and data of direct runoff at the Berensewicz Pond water gauge. The IUH based on the Nash model, in which catchment is shown as a cascade of N linear reservoirs with retention parameter k of each reservoir, was used to transform effective rainfall into direct runoff. Effective rainfall of each recorded event was estimated with two methods: exponential formula and CN-SCS method. Analysis was conducted for one hydrological year (2007), for events with water level higher than 0.75 m, which corresponds with discharge about 1 cubic meter per second. As a result of this analysis, there was stated, that two estimation methods gave different output and estimated mean lag time of direct runoff for CN-SCS method (3.77h) was longer than for the exponential formula (3.37h). This case study was the part of the first author’s master thesis, written at the Department of Water Engineering and Environmental Restoration (Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW), entitled: “Analysis of flood discharges in the Sluzew Creek catchment at the water gauge of Berensewicz Pond”.

18

Photoacoustics and Migration Prcess of Luminescent Centres in Solids

Grinberg M., Sikorska A., Śliwiński A.

Molecular and Quantum Acoustics

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2002

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Vol. 23

159-165

EN

The model describing relation between photoacoustic and absorption spectra in the case of spatial migration from the luminescence contre to the surface is presented and some results of its application to expalain experimental data obtain for YAG:Cr3 crystal are discussed.

19

Photoacoustic Spectra as a Tool for Studying Nonradiative Relaxation Process in Luminescence Centres in Solids (a review)

Śliwiński A., Grinberg M., Sikorska A.

Molecular and Quantum Acoustics

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2001

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Vol. 22

261-274