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Sto lat Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego : zarys historii materialnej

Wołkowicz Stanisław, Peryt Tadeusz M.

Przegląd Geologiczny

2019

Vol. 67, nr 7

507--518

Established a few months after regaining independence in 1918, the Polish Geological Institute was carrying out research aimed at ensuring the supply of necessary mineral raw resources to the domestic industry. The director of the Institute, Prof. J. Morozewicz as well as the state authorities were aware of the fact that for the proper functioning of the Institute suitable headquarter was needed. Therefore, already in the mid-1919, the appropriate area and financial resources were allocated for the construction of large buildings, the designer of which S W0łk0wicZ T M Pervt was Prof. M. Lalewicz. The laboratory pavilion was opened in 1926. The main building, which was put into use in 1936 and rebuilt after the destruction during World War II, has been the pride of the Institute until today. The extension of the state and a wide range of research issues meant that already in 1921, it was necessary to establish the Upper Silesian Station in Dąbrowa Górnicza, whose activity was focused on the coal geology. The Geological Station in Borysław, operating in the structure of the PGI since 1920, was transformed three years later into the Oil and Salt Department of the PGI, which closely co-operated with the Carpathian oil industry. The Holy Cross Mountain research group was located during 1937-1955 in the family home of Jan Czarnocki. After World War II, due to the significant intensification of geological research and exploration in Poland, new regional divisions of the Institute were established that currently have their headquarters in Kraków, Sosnowiec, Wrocław, Kielce, Gdańsk and Szczecin; all have the rank of branches. The organizational structure of the PGI is of an extremely regional nature, and the research issues of individual branches are mostly related to the recognition of the geological structure and mineral resources occurring in a given region. In addition, the Polish Geological Institute possesses 8 core repositories.

Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny jako państwowa służba geologiczna : sto lat w służbie Niepodległej

Peryt Tadeusz M.

Przegląd Geologiczny

2019

Vol. 67, nr 7

519--534

The Polish Geological Institute was established in 1919 as the national geological survey within the Ministry of Industry and Trade. The initiative of a group of parliament members to appoint the Polish Geological Institute was supported by the Polish Parliament on May 30, 1919, and the official opening of the Institute took place on May 7, 1919. Two years later the PGI status and budget were accepted by the Polish government and Józef Morozewicz has received director’s nomination from the Head of State Józef Piłsudski. In March 1938, the President of Poland accepted a new decree concerning geological survey of Poland which was composed of the Polish Geological Institute and the State Geological Council. The role of the PGI grew and the budget substantially increased, but this positive trend was stopped due to the beginning of World War II. During the first post-war years, regional and basic studies made it possible to establish a geological model of Poland leading to great discoveries of mineral deposits in the fifties. The decree of October 8, 1951 adjusted the organization forms of the geological survey to the system of central planning and the domination of state property, and the institute (with the name changed to the Geological Institute) became a scientific institution. During the first years the institute experienced good conditions of development, and a great progress in the knowledge of geology of Poland combined with the basic and regional studies that led to significant discoveries and documentation of mineral deposits. However, already in the seventies the first signs of crisis in geology became evident. In 1985, the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Mineral Resources was established, the Central Board of Geology was disbanded, and many tasks of geological survey returned to the institute, hence this turned out to be appropriate to return to the historical name, Polish Geological Institute, which took place on June 19, 1987. Since January 1, 2012, the Polish Geological Institute has served as the Polish geological survey on the basis of the Act of June 9, 2011, and earlier, since January 1, 2002, legally specified tasks of the Polish geological survey has been assigned to the PGI. On February 24, 2009 the Council of Ministers gave the PGI a status of National Research Institute, and this implied the adding this new status to the name of the Polish Geological Institute. For the century the Polish Geological Institute has successfully fulfilled all the basic responsibilities and commitments that are conventionally assigned to national geological surveys, and is a model example of modern national geological survey of very wide expertise.