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2 2021

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Solar cells based on copper oxide and titanium dioxide prepared by reactive direct-current magnetron sputtering

Wisz Grzegorz, Sawicka-Chudy Paulina, Sibiński Maciej, Starowicz Zbigniew, Płoch Dariusz, Góral A., Bester Mariusz, Cholewa M., Woźny Janusz, Sosna-Głębska A.

Opto-Electronics Review

2021

Vol. 29, No. 3

97--104

In this study, solar cells based on copper oxide and titanium dioxide were successfully manufactured using the reactive direct-current magnetron sputtering (DC-MS) technique with similar process parameters. TiO₂/CuO, TiO₂/Cu₂O/CuO/Cu₂O, and TiO₂/Cu₂O solar cells were manufactured via this process. Values of short-circuit current efficiencies, short-circuit current density, open-circuit voltage, and maximum power of PV devices were investigated in the range of 0.02÷0.9%, 75÷350 µA, 75÷350 µA/cm², 16÷550 mV, and 0.6÷27 µW, respectively. The authors compare solar cells reaching the best and the worst conversion efficiency results. Thus, only the two selected solar cells were fully characterized using I-V characteristics, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, ellipsometry, Hall effect measurements, and quantum efficiency. The best conversion efficiency of a solar cell presented in this work is about three times higher in comparison with the authors’ previous PV devices.

Magnetotransport measurements as a tool for searching 3D topological insulators

Śliż Paweł, Sankowska Iwona, Bobko Ewa, Szeregij Eugeniusz, Grendysa Jakub, Tomaka Grzegorz, Żak Dariusz, Płoch Dariusz, Jasik Agata

Metrology and Measurement Systems

2021

Vol. 28, nr 4

725--734

The paper covers some measurement aspects of transport of electrons through metals and semiconductors in magnetic field - magnetotransport - allowing for the determination of electrical parameters characteristic of three-dimensional (3D) topological insulators (TI) (i.e. those that behave like an insulator inside their volume and have a conductive layer on their surface). A characteristic feature of the 3D TI is also a lack of differences between the chemical composition of the conductive surface and the interior of the material tested and the fact that the electron states for its surface conductivity are topologically protected. In particular, the methods of generating strong magnetic fields, obtaining low temperatures, creating electrical contacts with appropriate geometry were presented, and the measurement methods were reviewed. In addition, the results of magnetotransport measurements obtained for two volumetric samples based on the HgCdTe compound grown with the molecular beam epitaxy method are presented.