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Research on possibilities of using by-products of biodiesel production for biofuel

Kućinskas V., Jasinskas A., Strakśas A.

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering

2012

Vol. 57, nr 4

14-18

More extensive development of biodiesel production is hampered by a relatively high production cost of this product. Together with external measures (organization of optimal production, minimization of transport costs, etc.) it is necessary to use the by-products of biodiesel as rationally as possible to reduce the production cost. The work deals with the possibilities of using by-products (rapeseed straw, oilcake and glycerol) for energy needs and is based on experiments. The experiments established fractional compositions, thermal properties and dependences of rapeseed oil, oilcake and crude glycerol. Equilibrium moisture content of rapeseed straw, keeping them in a closed room, is 15% and heating value is 17.5š1.9 MJ/kg; the heating value of cold-pressed oilcake with 8-10% of oil is 19.8š2.0 MJ/kg; the water content in green glycerol composition accounts to 12.5š0.6%, the one of methanol is 0.3š0.03_ and their heating value is 22.1š1.7 MJ/kg. The research proved that the use of green glycerol while mixing it with sawdust and pressing is an efficient way to produce fuel. It was established that after adding 80% of crude glycerol to dust, the heating value of dry sawdust increases by 22-23% and the heating value of 8% moisture content sawdust increases by 31-32%. The amount of nitrogen oxides NOx in fume does not exceed the permissible limit - 650 mg/m3, CO amount in fume is minimal as is the amount of free oxygen and only traces of sulphur dioxide are found in the fume.

Produkcja mat trawiastych i wpływ warunków atmosferycznych na ich suszenie

Jasinskas A., Ferewiczius D.

Problemy Inżynierii Rolniczej

2001

R. 9, nr 3

43-52

Przedstawiono wyniki badań intensywnego podsuszania zielonki z wykorzystaniem urządzeń do spulchniania , zgniatanie roślin i formowania cienkie maty, a następnie suszenia na ściernisku. Opracowano i przeprowadzono badania urządzeń niezbędnych do realizacji tego procesu. Przy zastosowaniu proponowanej technologii, w sprzyjających warunkach pogodowych do przygotowania siana wysokiej jakości wystarczą dwie doby, a kiszonki 3-5 godzin. Badano dynamikę suszenia mat o grubości 20-36 mm. Stwierdzono istotny wpływ grubości mat na intensywność suszenia. Wskazane jest produkować maty cienkie o grubości 20-26 mm, lecz dostatecznie trwale.

Paper described the investigations concerning technology of green crop harvesting by formation of the mats put down on the stubble just after cutting. Freshly mown green crop, next macerated, crushed and pressed, is distributed in form of a thin mat on the stubble to be intensively dried in the field. Special machines and equipment were developed to realize this technology. Under favourable weather conditions the hay of good quality may be achieved as fast as within two days (48 hrs), whereas green crop for the silage needs to be wilted in the field just over 3-5 hrs. The study on field drying rate of the mats 20-36 mm thick showed significant relationship between mat thickness and their drying intensity. Formation of rather thin farage mats (20-26 mm) would be advised, however, at their sufficient persistence. During field drying over 7 hrs at air temperature of 22.2 and 25.5 the moisture content of mats dropped down to 46% and to 28%, respectively. A solar radiation intensity increased from 190 W/m2 to 800 W/m2, the drying rate of forage mats rose from 2.8 to 5.5%h.