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EN
Results of OSL dating and sedimentary studies from the profile of the low alluvial terrace of the middle Warta River are presented. The samples were dated using the single-aliquot regenera-tive method. Dating was used to establish a timing of the Weichselian Late Glacial events in the river valley environment. Stable conditions on the floodplain are expressed by the deposition of organic-rich series radiocarbon dated at 12 900-12 600 cal BP and 11 600-10 770 cal BP. Samples for OSL dating were collected from the mineral material deposited during the intensification of flood events during the Weichselian decline. The results obtained for the alluvia range from 12.78 ± 0.62 ka b2k to 14.33 ± 0.74 ka b2k. Sedimentological criteria allowed to distinguish between particular flood events. Overestimation of OSL ages is probably a result of rapidity of environmental changes in that time.
EN
At the Koźmin Las site, in Central Poland, in the middle section of the Warta River valley, a series of well-preserved tree trunks and in situ stumps, as well as organic deposits, have been found. The tree remains are dated back to the period between 13,000–12,600 cal BP, i.e. to the Alleröd/Younger Dryas transition. The forest consisted predominantly of pines (Pinus sylvestris L.) of a maximum age of approx. 140 years and an average age of 68 years, and the river valley floor was overgrown. The forest was destroyed ca. 12,600 cal BP by deteriorating hydrological conditions or a sudden catastrophic event. The aim of the study was to assess the degree of degradation in terms of selected macroscopic, physical and chemical properties of a subfossil pine log. On this basis, a conservation process was developed, using aqueous solutions of polyethylene glycols (PEG) with varying concentrations of low- and high-molecular polymers. Treated and dried samples were compared in terms of their tangential and radial dimensional stability, as well as their hygroscopic properties.
PL
Praca przedstawia najważniejsze wyniki badań multidyscyplinarnych realizowanych w zlewni Neru w regionie łódzkim w środkowej Polsce. Dla osadnictwa pradziejowego jako typowa przyjmowana jest jego lokalizacja w obrębie dolin rzecznych lub bardzo blisko ich krawędzi. Osady zakładane były przede wszystkim na słabo nachylonych stokach, przeważnie w bezpośrednim sąsiedztwie den dolin. Zdecydowana większość stanowisk posadowiona została na podłożu piaszczystym. Zaobserwowano zakładanie punktów osadniczych związanych z gospodarką uprawową na podłożu bardziej drobnoziarnistym, zwłaszcza mułkowo-piaszczystym i drobnopiaszczystym, a punktów produkcyjnych zwykle na podłożu gruboziarnistym. Badania dowodzą, że punkty osadnicze zakładane były na obszarach cechujących siędużą różnorodnością morfologiczną, a co za tym idzie – dużą georóżnorodnością. Było to niezwykle sprzyjające dla rozwoju wielokierunkowej gospodarki rolnej realizowanej przez społeczności pradziejowe.
EN
Paper presents the main results of multidisciplinary research undertaken in the Ner River catchment in the Łódź region in Central Poland. It is clear a location of prehistoric settlement within the river valleys or very close valley edge. Settlements were mainly established on gently inclined valley slopes in the close vicinity of valley floors. Almost all sites have been located on sandy ground. It seems to be interesting the fact of location of settlements connected with framing activity on the ground formed by fine-grained sediments - mainly by sands and silty sands. And settlements with productive activity remains have been established usually on the ground of coarser sediments. The research has shown that analysed points established in areas of different geomorphological zones, it means characterized by high geodiversity. It was a very suitable circumstance for development of multidirectional agricultural economy by prehistoric societies.
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