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2 Chwieduk E.

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Middle Permian rugose corals from the Kapp Starostin Formation, South Spitsbergen (Treskelen Peninsula)

Chwieduk E.

Acta Geologica Polonica

2007

Vol. 57, no. 3

281-304

The rugose corals from the topmost part of the Kapp Starostin Formation on the Treskelen Peninsula, South Spitsbergen, are described. The collection consists of 22 specimens, representing the genera Calophyllum, Allotropiochisma and Euryphyllum. These solitary and non-dissepimented taxa, considered to be cold-water forms, are representatives of the Calophyllum Province of the Cordilleran-Arctic-Uralian Realm, and confirm a biogeographical connection between Alaska, Ural Mts., Central European Basin, Sverdrup Basin, and Arctic Canada in the Middle Permian. In southern Spitsbergen the Kapp Starostin Formation yields apparently the latest representatives of the Rugosa in the whole Hornsund region, dated to the Guadalupian and probably to the Wordian.

Late Devonian and early Carboniferous Rugosa from Western Pomerania, northern Poland

Chwieduk E.

Acta Geologica Polonica

2005

Vol. 55, no. 4

393-443

The taxonomic description of the Late Devonian and Early Carboniferous Rugosa from the boundary area of the Precambrian East European Craton and the Palaeozoic platform of Central Europe is presented. Palaeontological analysis and the stratigraphical distribution of the corals in Western Pomerania enabled recognition of several faunistic events, which reflect evolutionary trends in rugose corals. The pre-crisis Frasnian coral fauna, dominated by colonial forms, both massive [Disphyllia laxa] (GÜRICH, 1896), [Hexagonaria hexagona kowalae] (WRZOŁEK, 1992), ?Frechastraea] and branching [Disphyllum kweihsiense YOH, 1937,Peneckiella ?fascicularis (SOSHKINA, 1952), [Thamnophyllum monozonatum] (SOSHKINA, 1939), [Peneckiella szulczewskii] (RÓŻKOWSKA, 1979), developed on the carbonate platform extending along the edge of the East European Craton. The similarity of these faunas to Rugosan faunas from southern Poland is significant. The coral fauna was reduced significantly after the Kellwasser crisis. Colonial corals disappeared altogether and solitary dissepimented forms were markedly reduced. The subsequent Late Famennian radiation caused a significant quantitative and qualitative differentiation of the coral faunas. In addition to the well-known "Cyathaxonia fauna", warm and shallow-water solitary corals appeared in the latest Famennian. The stratigraphically important taxa of the latest Famennian include: [Campophyllum] (MILNE-EDWARDS & HAIM, 1850), [Palaeosmilia aquisgranense] (FRECH, 1885), [Bounophyllum pomeranicum sp. nov.] and [Guerichiphyllum kowalense] (RÓŻKOWSKA, 1969). The latest Famennian regression caused subdivision of the Pomeranian area into at least two sedimentary basins, separated by shallows, with peculiar ecological conditions, and the appearance of numerous endemic taxa. This regressive interval contains, however, numerous levels yielding less restricted faunas, which suggest the intermittent appearance of more open-sea conditions.