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Optimization of Response Surface Methodology for Removal of Cadmium Ions from Wastewater using Low Cost Materials

Mohammed Risalah A., Abdulhasan Maryam Jawad, Raheem Shahad A., Alwared Abeer I., Mohammed Noor A., Kadhim Rand Fadhil, Al-Bayati Alaa Dhari Jawad

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2023

Vol. 24, nr 8

146--156

This study goal to the ability of using low cost materials representing thermestone and aluminum solid wastes in water filtration by using a pilot plant constructed in wastewater treatment plant to remove cadmium ions (Cd(II)). Response Surface Methodology (RSM) used to optimize the optimal parameters that affecting the performance of filter units, these parameters are time, Cd(II) concentration, and filtration rate. These optimized parameters were 9 hr., 5 ppm, 10 l/hr. with removal efficiency of Cd(II) for A-Filter, T-Filter, S-Filter, and A-T-S-Filter was 94%, 95%, 86.8% and 90%, respectively. The result shows that the T-filter has higher cadmium removal efficiency than A-filter, S-filter and S-T-A- filter. While A-filter has a higher removal efficiency of cadmium than the S-filter and S-T-A- filter. While the S-T-A- filter has higher efficiency than S- filter. The result obtained from RSM was good Agreement with the result of experiments. As a result, the optimized process in this paper can be widely utilized with high removal ratio of Cd(II) ions from wastewater samples.

Comparative Study of Iron Removal from Groundwater Using Low Cost Adsorbents

Raheem Shahad A., Kadhim Entidhar Jawad, Abdulhasan Maryam Jawad

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2022

Vol. 23, nr 11

18--23

Iron is one of the groundwater contaminants that negatively impact health and the environment. This study is attempted at introducing low cost natural adsorbent for that adsorbs iron from synthetically prepared iron water. Sawdust and barley husks were used as a filter media, either alone or at different mixing ratio of sawdust/barley husks (1:1, 0.5:1, 1:0.5), to study the effect of adsorbent dose on the removal efficiency. Synthetic water of iron was used at different initial concentrations (10, 25, 40, 65, and 80) mg/L to study the effect of initial iron concentration on the removal efficiency. The filtration process was conducted at a surface loading rate of 3 m3/m2.hr. The results showed higher removal efficiency with the increase of iron initial concentration. The results indicated that removal of iron ranged (90–99.34%) for all types of filter media. The best removal was found to be 99.34% at a mixing ratio of 0.5:1 (sawdust/barley husks) at 80 mg/L initial concentration. As a conclusion, Removal of iron was very successfully observed with absorbent materials sawdust and barley husk, which makes the treatment of iron even possible in rural areas and when high concentration of iron is present.