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Photogrammetry-Aided Study of the Accuracy and Repeatability of a Modular System for Manufacturing Shelf Ready Packaging

Jakubowicz Michał, Wieczorowski Michał, Gapiński Bartosz, Swojak Natalia, Rogiewicz Filip, Jermak Czesław

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

2024

Vol. 18, no 4

111--127

The paper presents an analysis of the influence of the Shelf Ready Packaging (SRP) machine performance parameters on the repeatability of generated cardboard boxes’ selected geometric features. As part of the research, two batches of packaging were measured. Each batch contained 100 pieces of packaging, manufactured either at a rate of 15 pcs/min or 20 pcs/min, 50 pcs each. Both batches were measured using Creaform’s Academia scanner using VXelements 6.2 software. The results were analyzed using GOM Inspect programming. In the first stage, the geometric repeatability of the products was analyzed on the basis of two selected critical features, which were considered to be the internal length and width of the cardboard packaging. These features are responsible for the proper efficiency of the packaging and the possibility of combining cartons during transportation. The results obtained were subjected to statistical analysis. In the second stage of the research, an analysis of surface deviation maps was carried out against a reference element. Our findings allow it to be concluded that increasing the production output of carton packaging (from 15 to 20 pcs/min) did not negatively affect the dimensional accuracy and repeatability of the process. It was also found that the shortening of packaging production time by increasing productivity had a positive effect on the stability of the manufacturing process of hot-glued SRP packaging.

Differences in Roughness Parameter Values from Skid and Skidless Contact Stylus Profilometers

Grochalski Karol, Mendak Michał, Jakubowicz Michał, Gapiński Bartosz, Swojak Natalia, Wieczorowski Michał, Krawczyk Aleksandra

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

2021

Vol. 15, no 1

58--70

Contact stylus profilometry is the leading surface texture measuring method in many manufacturing industries. For years it has been unmatched in terms of accuracy and reliability. Advancements in technology have led to the improvements in the profilometer design. A stylus can either have a built in skid or be skidless. In this study, the influence of skid on the measurement accuracy and repeatability was evaluated. Four different contact stylus profilometers were used to measure three standard roughness artifacts each. Every set of measurements consisted of 50 repetitions of the same profile, with the same parameters. Out of these profiles, five roughness parameters were calculated and were subjected to a statistical analysis. Relative errors of these parameters were also considered and presented individually for each roughness standard. Researchers found differences in the measurement results dispersion of various roughness parameters between the three roughness standards. The presented results of the measurements clearly indicated that there is a dispersion of the obtained values for the older type of contact stylus profilometer (P1, skid). The skidless portable devices, P2 and P3, have better measurement resolution, which results in a noticeably lower dispersion of measured values. A tabletop, stationary device utilizes a skidless measuring probe. It has both the best resolution and the highest rigidity, which results in the lowest dispersion of measured values. The lowest relative error of the Ra parameter was determined for the P2 device (9.2%) and the highest was determined for the P3 device (72.6%).