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Influence of synthetic fuel on nitrile rubbers used in aviation

Białecki Tomasz, Gawron Bartosz, Giemza Bolesław, Głąb Jadwiga

Transport Problems

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2020

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T. 15, z. 3

29--41

EN

This paper investigates the influence of alternative fuel on selected butadiene–acrylonitrile rubbers used as seals in engine and fuel supply systems of post-Soviet aircrafts. The conventional fuel Jet A-1, the synthetic blending component from hydrotreated esters and fatty acids (HEFA) and its blend were interacted with the sample nitrile rubbers. HEFA technology has been approved by ASTM D7655 for use in turbine aircraft engines. The effect was evaluated on the basis of changes in the nitrile rubbers volume, mass and hardness. It has been confirmed that the synthetic component containing no aromatic hydrocarbons has a different effect on nitrile rubber than the conventional fuel. When the nitrile rubbers were subjected to microscopic observations, the most frequently observed effect was washing out or dissolving of nitrile rubber surface fragments.

2

Wpływ komponentów syntetycznych na właściwości paliwa do turbinowych silników lotniczych

Białecki Tomasz, Gawron Bartosz, Głąb Jadwiga

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2020

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T. 99, nr 3

391--396

PL

Przedstawiono wyniki badań właściwości dwóch komponentów syntetycznych i ich mieszanin z paliwem lotniczym pochodzenia naftowego, dopuszczonych przez normę ASTM D 7566 do stosowania w turbinowych silnikach lotniczych. Ponadto scharakteryzowano ścieżkę certyfikacji komponentów syntetycznych do stosowania w przemyśle lotniczym. Wyniki badań paliw testowych obejmowały wybrane parametry dotyczące m.in. odparowania, płynności, procesu smarowania oraz spalania.

EN

Paraffinic hydrocarbons from hydroprocessed esters and fatty acid (HEFA), synthetic paraffinic kerosene (alc. to jet ATJ) and their blends with fossil jet fuel were tested for d., viscosity (at –20°C and –40°C), fractional compn., arom. (esp. naphthalenes) compd. content, non-smoking flame height, flash point and lubricity. The min. required content of arom. compds. in mixts. was 8% by vol. An increase in the viscosity of mixts. with both HEFA and ATJ was obsd. as compared to fossil jet fuel. With an increase in the content of synthetic components in the mixts., the flash point and height of the non-smoking flame increased, but the content of naphthalenes decreased. The lubricity of fuels met the assumed requirements.

3

Thermal degradation process of semi-synthetic fuels for gas turbine engines in non-aeronautical applications

Sarnecki Jarosław, Białecki Tomasz, Gawron Bartosz, Głąb Jadwiga, Kamiński Jarosław, Kulczycki Andrzej, Romanyk Katarzyna

Polish Maritime Research

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2019

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nr 1

65--71

EN

This article concerns the issue of thermal degradation process of fuels, important from the perspective of the operation of turbine engines, especially in the context of new fuels/bio-fuels and their implementation. The studies of the kerosenebased jet fuel (Jet A-1) and its blends with synthetic components manufactured according to HEFA and ATJ technology, were presented. Both technologies are currently approved by ASTM D7566 to produce components to be added to turbine fuels. Test rig investigations were carried out according to specific methodology which reflects the phenomena taking place in fuel systems of turbine engines. The mechanism of thermal degradation process was assessed on the basis of test results for selected properties, IR spectroscopy and calculation of activation energy. The results show that with the increase of the applied temperature there is an increment of the content of solid contaminants, water and acid for all tested fuels. Thermal degradation process is different for conventional jet fuel when compared to blends, but also semi-synthetic fuels distinguished by different thermal stability depending on a given manufacturing technology.