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Sustained Release of Drug Facilitated Through Chemically Crosslinked Polyvinyl Alcohol-Gelatin (PVA-GE) Hydrogels. A sustainable biomedical approach

Ali Shaukat, Ranjha Nazar Muhammad, Ahmad Bashir, Khan Ayaz Ali, Hassan Fakhr Ul, Aziz Tariq, Alharb Metab, Alshammari Abdulrahman, Alasmari Abdullah F., Alharbi Mousa Esa

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

2023

Vol. 25, nr 2

56--65

The present study aimed to prepare hydrogel based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and gelatin (Ge) and characterization of PVA/Ge hydrogel for their potential use as a sustained drug delivery system. Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) and-Gelatin (Ge) were cross-linked using glutaraldehyde (GA) as a crosslinking agent and hydrochloric acid (HCl) as a catalyst. Different feed polymer ratio and crosslinking agent concentration were used to prepare a series of PVA/Ge hydrogels. The obtained PVA/Ge hydrogels were investigated for dynamic and equilibrium swelling studies. The effect of polymers ratio, degree of crosslinking and pH of the medium on swelling of PVA/Ge hydrogels was investigated. Furthermore, the values of diffusion coeficient (D), volume fraction, polymer-solvent interaction parameter, molecular weight between crosslink and crosslink density were calculated. For swelling studies, 0.05M USP phosphate buffer solutions of different pH (1.2, 5.5, 6.5 and 7.5) were used. For the drug release study, ciprofloxacin HCl was loaded into selected samples as a model drug. The release of drug from these samples was performed for 12 hours in USP phosphate buffers of pH 1.2, 5.5 and 7.5. The release data from these samples were fitted into various kinetic models like zero order, first order, Higuchi and Peppas models to investigate the release mechanism. It was found that by varying the composition of PVA/Ge hydrogel and GA concentration, a significant difference was observed in drug release kinetics. FTIR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction were used for the characterization of hydrogels. PVA/Ge hydrogel showed sustained release of the model drug at various pH values suggesting its potential use as a sustained drug delivery system.

Development and validation of reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) for quantification of captopril in rabbit plasma

Rasool Muhammad Fawad, Qureshi Umbreen Fatima, Ranjha Nazar Muhammad, Imran Imran, Nisa Mouqadus Un, Majeed Abdul

Acta Chromatographica

2021

Vol. 33, no. 4

315--321

Th accurate rapid, simple and selective reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RPHPLC) has been established and validated for the determination of captopril (CAP). Chromatographic separation was accomplished using prepacked ODSI C18 column (250 mm 3 4.6 mm with 5 mm particle size) in isocratic mode, with mobile phase consisting of water: acetonitrile (60:40 v/v), pH adjusted to 2.5 by using 85% orthophosphoric acid at a flow rate of 1 mL/min and UV detection was performed at 203 nm. RP-HPLC method used for the analysis of CAP in mobile phase and rabbit plasma was established and validated as per ICH-guidelines. It was carried out on a well-defined chromatographic peak of CAP was established with a retention time of 4.9 min and tailing factor of 1.871. The liquid–liquid extraction method was used for extraction of CAP from the plasma. Excellent linearity (R2 = 0.999) was shown over range 3.125–100 mg/mL with mean percentage recoveries ranges from 97 to 100.6%. Parameters of precision and accuracy of the developed method meet the established criteria. Intra and inter-day precision (% relative standard deviation) study was also performed which was less than 2% which indicate good reproducibility of the method. The limit of detection (LOD) and quantification for the CAP in plasma were 3.10 and 9.13 ng/mL respectively. The method was suitably validated and successfully applied to the determination of CAP in rabbit plasma samples.