Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Improvement in traffic state estimation at signal controlled intersections by merging induction loop data with V2X data

Bley O., Kutzner R., Friedrich B., Schuler T.

Archives of Transport System Telematics

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2012

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Vol. 5, iss. 3

3-7

EN

A proven method to minimise the number of stops at traffic lights is a good coordination of the traffic. The use of vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2X) communication allows new concepts to achieve a better coordination. The here described system comprises both the adaption of the traffic signal control and the improvement of a vehicle's approach to intersections. Both objectives require accurate data concerning the actual traffic state and in particular the current tailback length. Therefore two data sources are used to estimate the current tailback length. Existing detectors at traffic lights are taken as a basis for the estimation. For an enhancement V2X data is used. Equipped vehicles send their current position and speed and thus operate as virtual detectors. In a further step detector counts and the V2X data are merged. The process tested in simulations was implemented within a test site in Braunschweig, Germany.

2

Cost reduction of TiAl by alternative production and integration of TiAl scrap recycling - concepts and vacuum-metallurgical equipment

Lochbichler C., Friedrich B., Jarczyk G., Scholz H.

Advances in Materials Science

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2008

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Vol. 8, nr 1(15)

67-74

EN

Due to high corrosion resistance and low density titanium alum in ides show a great potential as material for structural applications in the aerospace and automotive industry. However the high actual production costs for semi-finished products slow down a break through to mass production of TiAl. Current research projects at IME, Aachen funded by AIF "Otto von Guericke" and BMBF aim on cost reduced production methods of TiAl and on the minimisation of downgrading TiAl scrap. This article presents firstly the state of the art of TiAl production by vacuum arc (re)melting (V AR) or induction skull melting (ISM). A comparison of new process routes under special consideration of recycling issues will follow. Innovative processing and equipment concepts are shown by intelligent combination of well known vacuum melting and remelting processes such as vacuum induction melting, specialized using ceramic lining and deoxidisation with e.g. electro slag remelting (ESR). For each process step and accordingly equipment the metallurgical opportunities are pointed out and the way to make use of them within the process route is described. Requirements on input material and final metal quality addicted to the processing route and refining techniques with their adjustment in respect to TiAl are mentioned. Selected results of laboratory and pilot scale experiments done at IME in Aachen and equipment needs therefore are shown.

3

Cost reduction of TiAl by alternative production and integration of TiAl scrap recycling - concepts and vacuum-metallurgical equipment

Lochbichler C., Friedrich B., Jarczyk G., Scholz H.

Advances in Materials Science

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2007

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Vol. 7, nr 4(14)

81-88

EN

Due to high corrosion resistance and low density titanium aluminides show a great potential as material for structural applications in the aerospace and automotive industry. However the high actual production costs for semi-finished products slow down a break through to mass production of TiAl. Current research projects at IME, Aachen funded by AIF "Otto von Guericke" and BMBF aim on cost reduced production methods of TiAl and on the minimisation of downgrading TiAl scrap. This article presents firstly the state of the art of TiAl production by vacuum arc (re)melting (VAR) or induction skull melting (ISM). A comparison of new process routes under special consideration of recycling issues will follow. Innovative processing and equipment concepts are shown by intelligent combination of well known vacuum melting and remelting processes such as vacuum induction melting, specialized using ceramic lining and deoxidisation with e.g. electro slag re-melting (ESR). For each process step and accordingly equipment the metallurgical opportunities are pointed out and the way to make use of them within the process route is described. Requirements on input material and final metal quality addicted to the processing route and refining techniques with their adjustment in respect to TiAl are mentioned. Selected results of laboratory and pilot scale experiments done at IME in Aachen and equipment needs therefore are shown.

4

Right turn on red at signalised intersections. A stochastic evaluation approach

Poschinger A., Friedrich B.

Archives of Transport

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2000

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Vol. 12, iss. 3

49-56

EN

The present paper introduces a general solution for the calculation of the capacity benefit by right turning lanes of any selectable length. A stochastic model for arrivals separately for right turning vehicles and others is introduced. Firstly the probability is calculated that the turning lane is blocked at a time-step. Using this result formulas are developed which yield the expected mean value for turning vehicles in a time-step during a red phase. Integrating these formulas gives a recursive computation scheme for the expected mean values for all vehicles which can turn during a red phase. The plausibility of the solution is demonstrated by simple estimations of the results which can also be used as a simple approximation for dimensioning in practical applications. The considered scenarios also include the "green arrow" at signalised lanes without special lanes for right turns.

PL

Prezentowany artykuł przedstawia ogólne rozwiązanie dla obliczania przepustowości pasów skrętu w prawo dowolnie wybranej długości. Został wprowadzony stochastyczny model przybyć, oddzielnie dla pojazdów skręcających w prawo i pozostałych. Najpierw jest obliczane prawdopodobieństwo, że pas skrętu jest zablokowany, następnie wartość oczekiwana liczby pojazdów skręcających w prawo podczas fazy czerwonej. Równania przedstawiają rekurencyjny schemat obliczania wartości oczekiwanej liczby pojazdów, które mogą skręcić w prawo w czasie fazy czerwonej. Zalety tego rozwiązania są pokazane przez proste oszacowanie wyników, które mogą być użyte jako proste przybliżenie dla wymiarowania w praktycznych zastosowaniach. Rozważane scenariusze także zawierają "zieloną strzałkę" na pasach z sygnalizacją bez specjalnych pasów do skrętu w prawo.