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EN
In this work, the Cosserat medium is analyzes as a set of atoms. These atoms are under the action of a mechanical load. The statistical analysis is preceded by a description of a single atom using classical mechanics and quantum mechanics. The behavior of the atoms in the field generated by mechanical change of the interatomic distance is shown as a phenomenon which can explain the Cosserat mechanics in a continuum.
PL
W pracy opisano metodę bezkontaktowego pomiaru ciśnienia z zastosowaniem światła laserowego. Przedstawiono stosowane aktualnie rozwiązania dotyczące tego tematu. Podstawy teoretyczne proponowanej metody zaprezentowano w formie zależności pomiędzy obciążeniem i geometrycznym ugięciem okna pomiarowego, zależności optyki geometrycznej oraz prawa absorpcji światła. Przedstawiono wyniki badań testowych, potwierdzające możliwości stosowania metody. Wykazano konkurencyjność zaproponowanego rozwiązania względem innych tego typu urządzeń. Wskazano na możliwość adaptacji metody w różnych działach techniki.
EN
In the paper, non-contact method of measurement of the pressure with laser beam application is described. Actual solution associated with the topic is shown. Theoretical background of the introduced method is presented in the form of the formulae connecting load and geometrical deflection of the window, formula of the geometrical optics and law of the light absorption. Results of the experimental study confirm possibilities of presented method. Competitiveness of proposed method is demonstrated. Possibility of the application of the introduced method in different sections of the technique is presented.
EN
Mechanical couple stresses modify at a microscopic level optical properties of some materials so they can display gyro-birefringence phenomena. The Optical Cosserat medium is defined and optical rotation tensor relative to couple stress is introduced. The generalized tensor of the dielectric permittivity is written for the Cosserat medium. Split of the plane-polarized light wave on passing through the Cosserat medium is shown and rotation of the azimuth of polarization is expressed by components of the couple stress tensor.
4
Content available remote Theory and experimental verification of thermal stresses in Cosserat medium
EN
An asymmetrical inter-atomic action, basic for a thermal couple stress presence, has been investigated in this work. A mechanical description of a Cosserat thermoelasticity is replaced by an equivalent magnetic representation. Then, a magnetization of a medium is analyzed. An experimental demonstration of the occurrence of the non-central load of the atom has been made applying the Electron Paramagnetic Resonance spectrometer. The mathematical model of the measurements has been presented in form of Bloch equations with extension to Cosserat medium.
EN
Induce of the molecular currents and generate additionally magnetic field is combined with formation of the couple stress in materials. General knowledge on magnetism and his quantum property is applied during analysis.
EN
Atom energy change by mechanical disturbance of the elektron motion is considering on the base of formalisation apply in quantum physic. Hamilton operator is introduce and sketch derivation of formula to obtain the atom energy fission in the mechanical field is written. Formation of the couple stress by precession of the electron spin is presented and influence of the mechanical spinal quantum number to fission of the atom energy is described.
EN
On the base of the postulates of the atomic structure, the moment of the electrons cloud in the field of the inter-atomic action is discussed. Analysis leads to explain the couple stress at the nano-scale. Experimental verifies of the theory by resonance absorbing energy phenomena, is suggestion during analysis.
PL
W pracy przedstawiono analizę stanu odkształcenia w obszarach załomu powłoki cienkościennej walcowej obciążonej ponad granice plastyczności, posługując się metodą elastooptycznej warstwy powierzchniowej (1). Wyniki przedstawiono w formie obrazów elastooptycznych, które przedstawiają mapę odkształceń na powierzchni konstrukcji.
EN
A method of the photoelastic coating is applied in analysis of elastic-plastic state in bends of structures of thinwalled cylindrical shells. The solutions are presented in the form of the photoelastic pictures being a strain map on the surface od structures.
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