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Life cycle energy consumption and CO2 emissions of different car types

Ivanov Rosen, Evtimov Ivan, Kirilov Krasimir, Minkovska Iliyana

Transport Problems

2023

T. 18, z. 3

101--111

In this research, the energy consumption and emissions of gasoline cars, battery electric cars, fuel cells electric (FCE) cars, compressed naturel gas (CNG) cars, liquid propane-butane gas (LPG) cars, etc., during their life cycles are presented. A set of flow charts presenting the production of cars and used fuel/energy is developed. These charts and the latest data for electricity production emission factor and raw materials prices are used. A comparative analysis is done. Results for primary energy and carbon emissions are presented in graphical form. They show the most economical and ecological car decisions.

Life cycle assessment of fuel cells electric vehicles

Evtimov Ivan, Ivanov Rosen, Stanchev Hristo, Kadikyanov Georgi, Staneva Gergana

Transport Problems

2020

T. 15, z. 3

153--166

In recent years, regarding the influence of the production processes and vehicles on the environment, new technical solutions for reducing air pollutions have been studied and developed. One of the new constructions is fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV). The production and running conditions of the vehicles are specific in different countries. Hence, a study of these conditions and fuel production process is needed. In this paper, a study of the FCEV efficiency, at different producing technologies of hydrogen (H2), is carried out. Life cycle assessment (LCA) method is used. A comparison, concerning fuel consumption and emissions as CO2 equivalent for the whole life cycle, is done for FCEV and conventional gasoline vehicle (GV). The influence of the energy mix and technology of production of hydrogen on spent energy and air pollution is analyzed. As the results show, in countries with CO2 emissions over 447 g per 1 kWh electricity, the technology of hydrogen production from natural gas is most effective. Now and in the near future, the ecological and financial advantages, connected to renovation of existing vehicle fleet with FCEV, are not absolutely verified.