Physicochemical parameters play a significant role in determining phytoplankton structure and dynamics in the lake. The present study investigated the phytoplankton dynamics and their correlation with physicochemical parameters in the dry season of Maninjau Lake. The parameters measured, including temperature, transparency, pH, DO, TN, and TP concentrations, were collected from seven lake locations, i.e., in the middle of the lake, near domestic, hydropower, endemic fisheries, and aquaculture cage areas, and inlet-outlet rivers. Phytoplankton samples were collected from the middle of the lake, near domestic and aquaculture cage areas. TSI analysis shows that Maninjau Lake was hypereutrophic, with an average TSI of 101.15. The phytoplankton community comprises six classes and 22 species dominated by Microcystis aeroginosa and Synedra acus. Bacillariophyceae had the highest phytoplankton concentration, while Cyanophyceae had the highest density. The diversity and equity index of the phytoplankton community structure were low and less evenly distributed, confirming that the lake was hypereutrophic. The highest diversity index was found in the middle of the lake or the most profound part, while the lowest was near the domestic area. Among the physicochemical parameters, transparency has a strong correlation with dominant phytoplankton.
Biochar is a known potential for nutrient removal in wastewater. This study focuses on the adsorption of rice-husk biochar to remove nutrients in the form of nitrate, ammonium, and phosphate in the wastewater. Two types of biochar production were used: laboratory-made biochar with variations of pyrolysis temperature and biochar made traditionally by local people. The results showed pyrolysis temperature influence the sorption capacity of nitrate and phosphate. The best nitrate sorption capacity using biochar made with low pyrolysis temperature, whereas the best phosphate sorption capacity using biochar made with high pyrolysis temperature. While the best ammonium sorption capacity by biochar made traditionally. The use of biochar with a coarse form shows nutrient sorption ability that is not inferior to the powder form compared to the other research. The use of coarse biochar forms can be selected if the powder form is impractical for field applications. The utilization of biochar variations can be selected according to the dominant nutrient removal needs in the field.
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