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1 2002

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Badania transferu zwietrzelin w beskidzkim systemie fluwialnym

Froehilich W.

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

2002

Vol. 11, No. 2

23--30

There is an increasing requirement for information on the sediment transfer within the fluvial systems of catchment basins of different scales. Little is currently known about the residence times of sediment particles moving through the fluvial system. Such infonnation, for example, may be needed to provide a basis for establishing sediment control strategies, to afford an improved understanding of sedimentassociated transport of contaminants, or to provide a more meaningful assessment silting rates of reservoirs and denudation within a drainage basin. It is difficult to make direct comparisons between estimates of the intensity of erosion processes on the slopes and the sedim ent yields of Carpathian rivers, because of the wide range of techniques of unknown accuracy and precision which have been used and the different periods of record involved. This contribution presents the assessment of the potential for using fallout radionuclides measurements, as an alternative and complement to classical monitoring techniques. The work reported was undertaken in the small (19.6 km2) Hom rka instrumented catchment and the larger (4692 km2) basin of the Dunajec River above Rożnowski reservoir where classical monitoring techniques have also been applied over the past 30 years. Longterm continuous monitoring of soil erosion, sediment transport and sedimentation play an important role for understanding manim pact on intensity and tendency of mountain geosystem evolution. Information concerning them obilization of sediment and its transfer through the fluvial system over timescales of several decades and over a range of spatial scales is difficult to obtain using conventional monitoring techniques. The use of the fallout radionuclides 210Pb, 241Am , 226Ra, 134Cs i 137Cs and magnetic measurements offers considerable potential for elucidating spatial patterns of erosion, sediment delivery dynamics, silting of reservoirs and overbank sedimentation. This contribution presents a general model of the mobilization of sediment and its transfer through the fluvial system in the Polish Flysch Carpathians.