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EN
Pollution migration is the main problem of the landfills that have been located, installed and operated without meeting basic environmental protection requirements. Undertaking effective reclamation treatments is conditioned by a good recognition of the object and its close and distant surroundings. The purpose of the work was to determine the potential hazard to the soil and water environment, based on selected factors, in the vicinity of a closed waste landfill at Głębocka Street in Warsaw. In the soil samples taken at the site from various depths, high concentrations of chlorides, EC, ammonium nitrogen and phosphates were found. Furthermore, the high ammonium nitrogen content correlated with the scent of ammonia, and the content of phosphates with the scent of organic compounds. These pollutants testify to the progressive decomposition of substances occurring in the mass of littering waste, which may pose a serious threat to groundwater. The landfill is also a potential geotechnical hazard because it is a dynamically changing object that can change stability, create caverns and landslides.
EN
The subjects of this study were uncultivated mining waste heaps which are remnants of the territories abandoned after the exploration of iron ore. The aim of this analysis was the assessment of the influence of these objects on the soil located in the nearest surroundings, as well as estimation of the level of their degradation. It was ascertained that direct geomechanical degradation exists in the examined object, which is connected with soil profile destruction in consequence of transformation of hitherto existing geomorphological conditions, deformation of natural shape of territory, density of soil levels and deformation of the spatial layout. As a result of the examination, it was pointed out that chemical degradation as well as degradation of ecological structure occur on the analyzed territory. Progressing processes of water erosion on the side of waste heap are the consequence of improperly profiled, steep slopes causing the uncontrolled flow of rainwater, lack of flora and dense, micrograiny structure of soils which prevents the effective infiltration of water. Penetration of water into the ground causes the creation of channels which, in dry periods, can become additional pathways for the possible landslides.
EN
The paper presents strength analysis of the molar tooth filling. Model was created as the 2D model, and for the strength analysis the Ansys program was used. Finite element method enabled to determine stresses and deformation of the tooth filling under the influence of applied forces.
PL
W pracy przedstawiono analizę wytrzymałościową zęba trzonowego i implantu. Model wykonano jako 2D, a do analizy wytrzymałościowej użyto programu Ansys. Metoda elementów skończonych pozwoliła na wyznaczenie naprężeń i deformacji zęba i implantu pod wpływem działających na nie sił.
EN
Paper presents strength analysis of molar tooth and implant. Model was created as the 2D model, and for the strength analysis the Ansys program was used. Finite element method enabled to determine stresses and deformation of tooth and implant under the influence of applied forces.
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