Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Czas jako determinant planowania i prowadzenia operacji

Joniak J.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2012

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nr 2(87)

337-353

EN

Contemporary operations’ planning and conducting is very difficult and requires commanders’ great flexibility and most of all adaptability skills. The key issue is to determine in an appropriate way factors determining achieving the goals of operation. Time is one of them. Time as an operational factor may have different dimensions in relation to different kinds and branches of armed forces. Moreover, it may have a different significance for assets in different operational environments. It must be a component of each kind of operation as the determinant of its rationality. However, it could be assumed that the party, which will win the time battle, has more chances of success to achieve its planned goals. The recent years’ revaluation of military theoreticians’ perception of the time and information problems shows explicitly that achieving success in operations is the resultant of these two dimensions. Acquiring key information, even if significantly in advance in relation to the enemy, does not give grounds to achieve victory in battle. Only information in connection with the time of response becomes the key to attain the assumed goal. It is the basis to gain advantage.

2

Informacja jako czynnik operacyjny : wybrane aspekty

Joniak J.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2011

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nr 3(84)

411-425

EN

Contemporary complexity of security environment requires preparation to face various threats of different intensity in the future. In order to counteract these threats successfully, there is a need to integrate operations of separate armed forces services so that they would become combined forces. Reaching an appropriate level of effectiveness and synergy, necessary to conduct decisive operations in a combined operation is possible thanks to appropriate information delivered on time. It may be undoubtedly stated that information has always played a key role to reach success on a battlefield, which is proved by experiences of past wars and armed conflicts. Lack of information or its scarcity created an unclear and uncertain image of the situation, which in turn made further operations difficult. Therefore the capability to acquire information from various sources and exchange of information already gained is currently so important as in this way the knowledge of the situation increases and in this way – the capability to conduct decisive operations. Information advantage or even information control is becoming one of crucial areas directly affecting the idea and importance of contemporary information theory. Many experts try to find the answer to a question how to affect the enemy using information, how to disorganize its information systems and protect failure-free functioning of our own systems. A great emphasis is also put on finding an appropriate way to increase capabilities concerning processing, storing and prompt distribution of information and then using it in an appropriate way.

3

Ewolucja sztuki operacyjnej wybranych państw europejskich na początku XXI wieku

Joniak J.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2010

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nr 4(81)

419-439

EN

The turn of the 21st century proved that the current reality is highly dynamic and undergoes constant changes. The growing pace of these changes in all walks of life requires adapting to new conditions, which is determined by the necessity to make deep analyses and evaluations in the operational art, and consequently devise new concepts of planning and conducting operations. The author analyses the directions of operational art evolution in countries that, on the one hand, are highly technologically advanced, on the other, have a lot of experience in carrying out various kinds of military operations in a multinational environment. Modern directions of operational art evolution are focused on stressing the importance on the joined character of operations, on their effect-based planning and conducting. This approach also results in developing new organizational and structural solutions and implementing new technologies in the equipment and armament systems. These changes are connected with undertaken efforts aiming at adjusting the armed forces to contemporary and future tasks. The information factor must also be underlined as it greatly determines the future shape of operations. Acquiring and sending appropriate information to appropriate receivers in a particular moment is and will be in future essential, especially as far as the effect maximization is concerned.

4

Wybrane aspekty osiągania przewagi w operacji „Iracka Wolność” w 2003 roku

Joniak J.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2009

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nr 4(77)

274-302

EN

Iraqi Freedom operation significantly differed from a classic model of waging offensive operations in the second half of the 20th century. There appeared a kind of joining of the timeless rules of conducting war with the application of an innovative approach to certain aspects of the art of war and using the state-of-the-art technology. The picture of the battlefield showed great flexibility and mobility both in the land and air dimensions. The necessity to operate with the use of small forces in relation to the area of operation required capabilities to concentrate efforts where it was useful from the coalition point of view, and inconvenient for Iraqi forces. During the whole operation a great attention was drawn to acquiring, maintaining and using information advantage which allowed unprecedented control of the battlefield both in the sense of effective command of precision weapons and due to capabilities of effective command of quick surprising manoeuvre of the friendly forces. Iraqi commanders did not posses modern systems of command and reconnaissance, what contributed to the lack of possibility to command their own forces in an effective way. A huge advantage of coalition groups resulted from the fact that Iraqi frees in the first week of operations were significantly weakened due to constant air strikes, their command system was neutralised, what in turn made it impossible to attempt reorganisation, creating an appropriate defence group and regrouping necessary troops. Moreover, in many regular army units there was seen the weakeneing of the will to fight. The technological advantage of American units effectively minimised the quantative advantage of Iraqi forces. The coalition forces having much fewer divisions and artillery than Iraq, surpassed it with modern armament systems. The technological advantage of conventional weapons and information advantage were the key factors of the coalition success.

5

Operacja „Enduring Freedom” : pierwsza wojna XXI wieku

Joniak J.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2007

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nr 2(67)

145-155

EN

In the autumn of 2001 the United States, as a result of the attacks in New York and Washington, declared war on terrorism War with an enemy without a homeland had to be unconventional. It was waged mostly by small special forces units operating on land with a close cooperation of the Air Force. The land component consisted mainly of the Afghan opposition forces and small (considering the capabilities of the United States) American units of the Ground Forces. Although the latter were used in a very limited extent, some integration of the individual components allowed to destroy different targets simultaneously from land, air and sea. The operation was initiated with air raids, which were first directed at stated targets. Originally, their purpose was to destroy the existing (quite weak, though) system of air defense and communication infrastructure. Air supremacy was achieved quickly and the armed forces could be transported where they were needed. Yet, the most important issue in this war was information. The Americans, thanks to modern technology, acted with speed and precision. Modern technology proved its value and effectiveness.

6

Koncepcje transformacji wojsk lądowych wybranych państw europejskich

Joniak J., Panek B.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2007

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nr 1(66)

210-229

EN

The transformation programs of European land-based forces have many similarities. The differences result from varying military strategy approaches and assumptions as well as practical, economic and historical experiences. In order to conduct military operations it is most important to have suitably trained and equipped units. There’s a tendency towards creating “middle ’’forces by combining the capabilities of both “heavy” forces (force protection capability) and “light” forces (mobile and logistic capability). Future land forces should be balanced, have the ability to effectively execute tasks across the full spectrum of operations both now and in the future. Once transformation has taken place there will be a significantly improved capability particularly enhancing the ability to conduct command and multinational operations.

7

Joint Vision 2020 : kierunki zmian w systemie walki

Joniak J.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2007

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nr 3(68)A

8-20

EN

It has to stated that the assumptions of Joint Vision 2020 concept are directing American armed forces’ transformation denoted as the “future joint force”. It is assumed that the goal of the mentioned above transformation is to create forces dominating in the whole range of military operations. They are to be faster, more effective and at the same time feature more precision than today. Moreover, it is proposed to continue investing in new technologies and developing required capabilities. An explicit consequence is that technological development supports the pursuance of intended goals relating to conducted transformations. American experts claim that opinions expressed so far have to be revised and based on information as the key factor affecting military operations as it determines the shape of future military forces. According to these experts, information is to replace the enemy’s physical attack. Therefore, an answer must be found to the question how to affect the enemy using information, disorganise his information systems and protect own systems against failures. A great stress is also placed on finding an appropriate way to increase capabilities relating to information acquisition, transformation and distribution on time and then to use the information in an appropriate way. The superiority, or even dominance, of information becomes one of the most important areas affecting directly the idea and significance of modern theory of military operations. The thesis mentioned above is reflected in the Joint Vision 2020 concept.

8

Kierunki ewolucji Sił Zbrojnych NATO

Joniak J.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2006

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nr 4(65)

173-187

EN

The security environment at the turn of the century generates new challenges. They create the need of performing a wide spectrum of tasks, which directly affect demanded abilities, structure and equipment. The North-Atlantic Alliance currently is one of the main political-military organisations designed for creating and assuring peace and stabilisation all over the world. Therefore, there is a continuous need of adjusting the structures and doctrines to unceasingly changing security conditions. The transformation of NATO’s Armed Forces concerns also the requirements put to the allied countries in the range of dispensing suitably trained and equipped units to conduct military operations. It is assumed that these forces should posses specific abilities to effectively execute the tasks in the full spectrum of operations both currently and in the future. Carried out changes have a significant influence on the allied countries’ armed forces, especially in the context of conducting common, multinational operations.