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1
Content available Surface and bulk processes in materials induced by pulsed ion and plasma beams at Dense Plasma Focus devices
Pimenov V., Maslyaev S., Ivanov L., Dyomina E., Gribkov V., Dubrovsky A., Scholz M., Miklaszewski R., Ugaste U., Kolman B.
Nukleonika
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2006
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Vol. 51, nr 1
71-78
EN
A review of results and new data on the interaction of pulsed ion and dense plasma beams with metals in different Dense Plasma Focus (DPF) devices are presented. Different irradiation conditions with microsecond pulses of the power density in the range of 105 109 W/cm2 were applied. The most interesting thermal and radiation effects observed in both surface and bulk of the material positioned at the cathode part of the DPF device have been considered. Advanced directions of DPF use for scientific and applied problems of radiation material science were determined.
2
Content available PF-6 an effective plasma focus as a source of ionizing radiation and plasma streams for application in material technology, biology and medicine
Gribkov V., Dubrovsky A., Scholz M., Jednorog S., Karpiński L., Tomaszewski K., Paduch M., Miklaszewski R., Pimenov V., Ivanov L. I., Dyomina E. V., Maslyaev S. A., Orlova M. A.
Nukleonika
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2006
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Vol. 51, nr 1
55-62
EN
A review of results on the design and operation of the new efficient Dense Plasma Focus device PF-6 of medium size (transportable) having bank energy of ca. 7 kJ and possessing a long lifetime is presented. New data on the interaction of the pulsed fast ion beams and dense plasma streams generated at this apparatus with various materials are given. These results are compared with the analogous information received at the biggest facility PF-1000. It is shown that it is possible to have about the same power flux density (in the range of 105 109 W/cm2) in both devices however in different areas. Doses of soft X-rays produced by the device within the resists for the goals of microlithography and micromachining appear to be several times less that it is with the conventional X-ray tube. In biological application of this device, medium- and hard-energy X-rays are exploited in the field of radioenzymology. It was found that the necessary dose producing activation/inactivation of enzymes can be by several orders of magnitude lower if used at a high-power flux density in comparison with those received with isotope sources. In medicine, short-life isotope production for the goals of the positron emission tomography (medicine diagnostics) is possible by means of the fast ions generated within DPF. All these experiments are discussed in the framework of pulsed radiation physics and chemistry in its perfect sense thereto the criteria are formulated.
3
Content available Dense Plasma Focus as a powerful source of monochromatic X-ray radiation
Dubrovsky A., Gribkov V., Ivanov Y., Karpiński L., Orlova M.
Nukleonika
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2006
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Vol. 51, nr 1
21-28
EN
A review of some experimental results obtained using the dense plasma focus (DPF) device PF-1000 is presented. The copper Ka1,2 radiation line generated by DPF in the case of device anode made of copper was the main object of this study. The predominance of this characteristic radiation over other kinds of radiation in the DPF X-ray spectrum is shown. A brief description of a new DPF 6.0 device as well as a radioenzymology experiment carried out within this device is presented.
4
Content available Dense magnetized plasma and its applications: review of the 3-year activity of the IAEA Co-ordinated Research Programme
Gribkov V., Malaquias A.
Nukleonika
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2006
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Vol. 51, nr 1
5-13
EN
A review of the results received in the course of fulfillment of the International Atomic Energy Agency Co-ordinated Research Project “Dense Magnetized Plasma” for the last 3 years is presented. Niche of the plasma type within the plasma physics field is outlined. Efforts of the CRP participants concentrated on design and operation of new Dense Magnetized Plasma devices are described. All of them designed for plasma heating and for other applications mainly based on the interaction of radiations generated by the devices with different objects. Materials exploitable, diagnostics of the interaction processes, as well as analytical equipment used by the participants to process the irradiated targets are described. Works developed in the frame of the CRP are covered thermonuclear fusion applications, fundamental plasma physics and material science issues, medicine, biology, and some other spheres. New data on the interaction of the radiations generated in this apparatus with various materials are given. E.g. it was found that the necessary dose producing activation/inactivation of enzymes can be much lower if used at a high-power flux density in comparison with those received with classical sources. All these experiments are discussed in the framework of pulsed radiation chemistry in its perfect sense thereto the criteria are formulated. New foreseen applications of DMP devices mainly based on neutron radiation are proposed and discussed.
5
Content available On the nature of changes in the optical characterization produced in sapphire on its irradiation with a pulsed powerful stream of hydrogen ions
Gribkov V., Ivanov L., Maslyaev S., Pimenov V., Sadowski M., Skladnik-Sadowska E., Banaszak A., Kopeć G., Cheblukov Y., Kozodaev M. A., Suvorov A. L., Smirnov I. S.
Nukleonika
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2004
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Vol. 49, nr 2
43-49
EN
Changes in the optical characteristics in synthetic sapphire specimens produced by microsecond pulse irradiation with a stream of hydrogen ions of energies ranging up to tens keV have been observed. Data on decrease in the optical reflection, measured within the wavelength range of 200 900 nm, are presented. This characterization is compared with the data received by optical and atomic force microscopy as well as by lattice structure analysis performed with X-rays. The measurements indicate that the changes of optical parameters are not a consequence of absorption increase and/or sapphire decomposition. They result from modifications of the morphology and structure of surface layer of the sapphire samples, induced by irradiation.
6
Content available Influence of powerful pulses of hydrogen plasma upon materials in PF-1000 device
Pimenov V., Gribkov V., Dubrovsky A., Mezzetti F., Scholz M., Ugaste U., Dyomina E., Ivanov L., Maslyaev S., Miklaszewski R., Borowiecki M., De Chiara P., Pizzo L., Szydlowski A., Volobuev I. V.
Nukleonika
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2002
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Vol. 47, nr 4
155-162
EN
The results of experimental investigations of powerful hydrogen plasma jets and fast ion beams interaction with various materials (austenitic chromium-manganese steels, pure vanadium, tungsten, graphite, copper, and their alloys: Cu-4 mass% Ni and Cu-10 mass% Ga) are presented. The materials were placed on the discharge axis of the PF-1000 device and irradiated with fluxes of fast ions (of energy in the range from tens keV up to several MeV) and with plasma streams (of power flux density q~(108 109) W/cm2). It was found that the fast ions and plasma streams caused different damages to the aforementioned materials. A diverse character of the damages to the individual investigated material was revealed. Some peculiarities of the process as well as the correlation between the surface density of the "macroscopic" structural defects (blisters and craters) and the fluence of the fast ions implanted in the specimen are discussed.
7
Content available Preface
Gribkov V.
Nukleonika
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2000
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Vol. 45, nr 3
147-148
8
Content available PF-1000 device
Scholz M., Miklaszewski R., Gribkov V., Mezzetti F.
Nukleonika
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2000
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Vol. 45, nr 3
155-158
EN
The paper presents the megajoule plasma focus facility operated at IPPLM. In order to study plasma focus (PF) discharges several diagnostics tools have been prepared. The preliminary observations of current sheath motion, as well as measurements of the current signals are reported.
9
Content available On possible formulation of problems of a Dense Plasma Focus used in material sciences
Gribkov V.
Nukleonika
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2000
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Vol. 45, nr 3
149-153
EN
The paper describes various possibilities at can be given by the use of dense plasma focus (DPF) device in material sciences. Main distinguishing features of such a device – availability of several different types of hard radiation and its high power flux density – determine the niche of applications of this type devices in the field. Some directions of materials investigation and treatment, which can be developed at present time, are discussed.
10
Content available Installations based on high efficiency high repetition rate miniature DPF chambers for material science
Dubrovsky A., Gribkov V.
Nukleonika
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2000
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Vol. 45, nr 3
159-162
EN
The report describes two DPF installations based on a miniature plasma focus chamber: the installation PF-3 of the energy store W = 3 kJ and the installation PF-0.2 (W = 200 J). The possibility of an adaptation of the small DPF device for the experimental samples irradiation is reported. A new construction intended for experiments with samples of various materials is presented.
11
Content available Influence of dense deuterium plasma pulses on materials in Plasma Focus device
Ivanov L., Pimenov V., Maslyaev S., Dyomina E., Gribkov V., Mezzetti F., DeChiara P.
Nukleonika
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2000
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Vol. 45, nr 3
203-207
EN
Experiments on the influence of high-temperature plasma nanosecond pulse radiation, as generated in plasma focus device, on the W-Cu pseudoalloy, V-35at%Ti alloy, austenitic chromium-manganese 10Cr12Mn20W and 25Cr12Mn20W steels have been carried out. Features of damages, phase-structural transformations and chemical content changes in those materials under such irradiation were investigated.
12
Content available Fast Neutron Activation Analysis of gold by inelastic scattering, 197Au(n,n'gamma)197Aum, by means of Plasma Focus device
Verri G., Mezzetti F., Da Re A., Rapezzi L., Gribkov V.
Nukleonika
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2000
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Vol. 45, nr 3
189-191
EN
The application of a Fast Neutron Activation Analysis (FNAA) technique on samples of pure gold, irradiated by a plasma focus of 7 kJ, has been investigated. The reaction was the inelastic scattering of neutrons, 197Au(n,n'gamma)197Aum. To avoid problems connected with peculiar features of the neutron emission from this kind of source, a preliminary standardisation of the method has been carried out. The results obtained have a practical interest in view of possible applications to the technology of extraction of minerals.
13
Content available DPF device application in the material characterization
Dubrovsky A., Silin P., Gribkov V., Volobuev I.
Nukleonika
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2000
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Vol. 45, nr 3
185-187
EN
The ability of a dense plasma focus (DPF) installation, to serve as a unique powerful hard X-ray and neutron pulse generator, is discussed. A principle of the dynamic detection of defects, based on a small-scale DPF device, is described. The results of a dynamic defect detection experiment are presented. Different aspects of the application and adaptation of a small DPF chamber for the material science, are discussed.
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