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1

Symulacja pola naprężeń w spoinach z wykorzystaniem MES

Nawrocki J., Słania J.

Przegląd Spawalnictwa

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2018

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R. 90, nr 8

62--67

PL

W codziennej praktyce projektowej obliczenia spoin pachwinowych są wykonywane w oparciu o metodę zawartą w obowiązkowej do stosowania normie PN-EN 1993-1-8:2006. Wynikiem obliczeń jest naprężenie zredukowane wyznaczane analitycznie dla przekroju krytycznego. Norma nie odnosi się do zjawiska koncentracji naprężeń, która ma miejsce w złączu w wypadku stosowania spoiny pachwinowej. W poniższej pracy zastosowano metodę elementów skończonych w celu oszacowania tego zjawiska.

EN

The calculation of the fillet welds are performed based on the method delivered by the standard PN-EN 1993-1-8:2006. The typical result of the calculations is the Huber-Mises criteria for the critical section. The standard does not refer to the phenomenon of stress concentration that have to take place in the welded joint in case of incomplete fusion. In this paper the finite element method is used to estimate precisely this phenomenon.

2

Manufacture of two-layer castings using Fe base heat-resistant alloys

Rzepka G., Nawrocki J., Sieniawski J.

Advances in Manufacturing Science and Technology

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2018

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Vol. 42, nr 1-4

31--41

EN

The main purpose of the present study is to verify the possibility of joining grey iron EN-GJL-250 with heat resistant ductile iron GJS-XSiMo5-1 and heat resistant cast steel GX40CrNiSiNb25-20 to create the two-layered material using casting process with materials in liquid state and in solid state. The mentioned above method was assumed to solve in an economically justified manner the problem of defects on turbocharger’s housing which occurred in some high performance premium application. Evaluation of joint quality was investigated by microstructure observation (LM), alloy elements diffusion (SEM), hardness measurement and discontinuity inspection by computed tomography scanning (CT).

PL

W pracy przedstawiono rezultaty badań określających stopień możliwości wytworzenia połączenia żeliwo szare EN-GJL-250 – żaroodporne żeliwo sferoidalne GJS-XSiMo5-1 lub żaroodporne staliwo GX40CrNiSiNb25-20 w procesie odlewania – materiał w stanie ciekłym i materiał w stanie stałym. Analiza uzyskanych wyników badań wskazuje, że zaproponowana metoda jest ekonomicznie uzasadniona dla rozwiązania występujących wad w obudowie turbosprężarki pojawiających się podczas pracy w warunkach dużej wydajności. Ocenę jakości połączenia prowadzono w badaniach mikrostruktury połączenia (LM i SEM), pomiarach twardości i kontroli nieciągłości przy użyciu tomografii komputerowej (CT).

3

Zjawiska kontaktowe w układzie ceramika/lnconel 713C

Hotloś A., Boczkal G., Nawrocki J., Ziewiec K.

Rudy i Metale Nieżelazne Recykling

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2017

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R. 62, nr 11

20--27

PL

Stopy na bazie niklu dzięki swojej odporności na korozję i działanie wysokiej temperatury znajduję szczególne zastosowanie w przemyśle lotniczym, jako elementy komory spalania silników lub łopatki turbin. W pracy zbadano zjawiska kontaktowe pomiędzy ceramikę tlenkowe, stosowane jako materiał na formy odlewnicze, a stopem Inconel 713C. Przeprowadzono badania interakcji nadstopu niklu Inconel 713Cz ceramikę w zakresie temperatur odlewania ciekłego stopu. Przeprowadzone testy wykazały znaczny stopień oddziaływania ceramiki i ciekłego metalu. Potwierdzają to obserwacje mikrostruktury oraz analiza faz tworzących się na granicy rozdziału w układzie ceramika/Inconel 713Cpod wpływem oddziaływania wysokiej temperatury.

EN

Nickel-based alloys due to their corrosion and high temperature resistance are particularly applicable in the aviation industry as components of engine combustion chambers or turbine blades. The study investigated the contact phenomena between oxide ceramics used as casting material and the Inconel 713C alloy. An investigation of the Inconel 713C nickel alloy interactions with ceramic at die casting temperature range was performed. The tests showed significant degree of interaction between ceramics and liquid metal. This is confirmed by the observation of microstructure and the analysis of the phases forming at the boundary of the ceramics/Inconel 713Cdue to the influence of high temperature.

4

O wieku paleomagnetycznym mineralizacji miedziowej, uranowej i cynkowo-ołowiowej w Polsce określanym metodą porównania charakterystycznych namagnesowań z krzywą referencyjną pozornej wędrówki bieguna paleomagnetycznego

Nawrocki J.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2017

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Vol. 65, nr 2

105--108

EN

Paleomagnetic poles obtained earlier from mineralization zones of Kupferschiefer (hematitic Rote Fäule, North Sudetic Basin), uranium-bearing rocks (Kletno abandoned mine, Sudetes) and zinc-lead ores (Cracow– Silesian district) were compared with the newest version of the apparent polar wander path (APWP) for “stable” Europe, deprived of paleoinclination error. Paleomagnetic data exclude age of the Rote Fäule younger than ca. 250 Ma. The pole matches the new APWP in the interval enclosed between ca. 250 Ma and ca. 258 Ma (age of the host rocks) after the correction of original data of about 10–15o on inclination error. It means that hematitic mineralization of the Rote Fäule was developed before compaction of sediments. The paleomagnetic pole isolated from the zinc-lead mineralization zone of the Carcow–Silesian district cannot be used anymore as the basic argument for its Tertiary age. Its large oval of confidence overlaps the Early Cretaceous segment of the reference APWP(100–120 Ma) as well. The Early Cretaceous (120–140 Ma) paleomagnetic age is the most probable in the case of uranium-bearing mineralization from the Kletno abandoned mine.

5

Keuper magnetostratigraphy in the southern Mesozoic margin of the Holy Cross Mts. (southeastern edge of the German Basin)

Wójcik K., Kołbuk D., Sobień K., Rosowiecka O., Roszkowska-Remin J., Nawrocki J., Szymkowiak A.

Geological Quarterly

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2017

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Vol. 61, No. 4

946--961

EN

Magnetostratigraphy of the Keuper succession in the southern Mesozoic margin of the Holy Cross Mountains is presented based on investigations of two sections of Brzeziny and Wolica. They cut an ~60 m thick succession of variegated siltstones and claystones, which overlies the Reed Sandstone (Stuttgart Formation). The succession has been correlated with the Patoka Member of the Grabowa Formation, defined in the Upper Silesia region as an equivalent of the Steinmergelkeuper (Arnstadt Formation). The primary Late Triassic magnetization was obtained from component B carried by fine-grained haematite. Twelve magnetic polarity zones, six of normal and six of reversed polarity, have been defined. The obtained polarity pattern corresponds to the Norian (E13–E16 Newark zones) according to the Long-Rhaetian option of the Late Triassic Magnetic Polarity Time Scale. The mean normal polarity characteristic direction (N = 24, D/I = 31/62, k = 28.24, α95 = 6.04) differs significantly from the reversed one (N = 18, D/I = 223/-25, k = 16.38, α95 = 8.65): the primary magnetic signal is partly overlapped by component A carried by magnetite of recent viscuous remanent magnetization. Some samples do contain also coarse-grained haematite that, however, does not form any clustered magnetization. The palaeopole position calculated from the transposed reversed and normal polarity directions of component B corresponds to the Late Triassic (Norian) segment of the reference Baltica/Europe Apparent Polar Wander Path.

6

Laser Surfacing of Superalloy Inconel 738LC-Based Alloy Stellite 694 – Overlay Weld Imperfections

Gradzik A., Nawrocki J., Mrówka-Nowotnik G., Sieniawski J.

Biuletyn Instytutu Spawalnictwa w Gliwicach

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2017

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Vol. 61, No. 4

25--31

EN

The research involved the analysis of test results concerning the effect of laser surfacing process conditions on the characteristics of an overlay weld made of alloy Stellite 694 on the substrate of nickel superalloy Inconel 738LC as well as the determination and specification of the most common overlay weld imperfections. The overlay weld subjected to the tests was made using a Yb:YAG disc laser having a power of 1 kW and a filler metal in the form of powdered Stellite 694 cobalt alloy. The research led to the development of process conditions and the identification of major overlay weld imperfections including lacks of penetration, gas pores and microcracks in the base material. The formation of above-named imperfections could be ascribed to low laser radiation power density (< 30 kW/cm²), the excessive overlap of consecutive tracks (> 60% of the sin-gle track width) and the insufficient gas shielding of liquid metal in the weld pool.

PL

Przeprowadzono analizę wyników badań w zakresie oddziaływania warunków procesu napawania laserowego na charakterystykę napoiny Stellite 694 na podłożu nad¬stopu niklu Inconel 738LC oraz scharakteryzowano najczęściej występujące wady napoiny. Do wytworzenia napoiny stosowano laser dyskowy. YbrYAG o mocy l kW oraz materiał dodatkowy - proszek stopu kobaltu Stellite 694. Opracowano warunki procesu i stwierdzono, że głównymi wadami wytworzonej napoiny są: brak przetopu, pęcherze gazowe i mikropęknięcia materiału podłoża. Przyczyną tych wad jest m. in. mała gęstość mocy promieniowania laserowego (< 30 kW/crrr). zbyt duży stopień nakładania się kolejnych ścieżek (> 60% szerokości pojedynczej ścieżki) oraz niedostateczna osłona gazowa ciekłego metalu w jeziorku napoiny.

7

The Impact of the Thickness of the Ceramic Shell Mould on the (γ + γ') Eutectic in the IN713C Superalloy Airfoil Blade Casting

Szczotok A., Nawrocki J., Pietraszek J.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2017

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Vol. 62, iss. 2A

587--593

EN

In the study the wall thickness of ceramic shell mould influence on (γ + γ') eutectic in the IN713C nickel-based superalloy airfoil blade casting was described. Two castings formed as a blade from two wax pattern assemblies were analysed. In the experiment in one pattern the thick ceramic layer was obtained on pressure side and in another one on suction side of the airfoil blade. The microstructure of the crosssections of the castings were observed on polished and etched metallographic specimens. The microstructure and phases chemical compositions of specimens was analyzed by using the scanning electron microscope Hitachi S-4200 equipped with EDS. It was established, that wall thickness of ceramic shell mould affect size, shape and volume fraction of (γ + γ') eutectic islands in airfoil blade made from IN713C superalloy. The analysis was provided in accordance to the typical statistical methodology [1].

8

Wpływ warunków procesu napawania laserowego na mikrostrukturę i twardość napoiny Stellite 694 na podłożu z nadstopu niklu Inconel 738LC

Gradzik A., Mrówka-Nowotnik G., Nawrocki J., Sieniawski J.

Mechanik

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2016

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R. 89, nr 4

276--281

PL

Przedstawiono ocenę wpływu warunków procesu napawania laserowego na morfologię mikrostruktury i właściwości napoiny wytworzonej na podłożu z nadstopu niklu Inconel 738LC, z którego wytwarza się elementy części gorącej silnika lotniczego. Proces prowadzono za pomocą lasera dyskowego TruDisk 1000 firmy TRUMPF o mocy 1 kW z różnymi wartościami prędkości napawania – od 400 do 700 mm/min. Materiałem dodatkowym był proszek stopu kobaltu – Stellite 694. Określono stopień oddziaływania warunków procesu napawania laserowego na skład chemiczny i morfologię składników fazowych mikrostruktury oraz wpływ objętości względnej materiału podłoża w napoinie na jej twardość.

EN

In this paper the influence of laser cladding process parameters on microstructure and hardness of Stellite 694 coatings deposited onto Inconel 738LC alloy substrate is presented. Laser cladding process was carried out using Yb:YAG – TRUMPF TruDisk 1000 disc laser with maximum power of 1 kW in continuous wave mode. Laser cladding head velocity from 400 to 700 mm/min was applied. The effect of process parameters on chemical composition, microstructure morphology was examined by means of optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The influence of volume fraction of substrate in the coating on its hardness was determined.

9

Idea i konstrukcja modeli do badań wpływu korozji na jakość wody

Laskowski T., Nawrocki J.

Instal

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2016

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nr 9

63--66

PL

Korozja w sieci dystrybucyjnej może pogarszać jakość wody. Dotychczas badania związane z korozją sieci prowadzono na stosunkowo długich odcinkach przewodów albo na tzw. kuponach materiału, z którego zbudowana jest sieć. Nasz pomysł dotyczy badania wpływu korozji na jakość wody przy pomocy modeli bazujących na opiłkach metali. Model pozwala zmniejszyć kubaturę konieczną do badań, ponieważ niewielka ilość opiłków posiada powierzchnię równoważną długim odcinkom rur. Model podzielony jest na sektory, co pozwala sprawdzać wpływ kilku parametrów wody na zmiany jakości wody pod wpływem zjawisk korozyjnych. Wykazaliśmy doświadczalnie, że zmiany jakości wody następują głównie podczas stagnacji wody. Elastyczność proponowanego modelu pokazano wykorzystując różne materiały stosowane w sieciach dystrybucyjnych (żeliwo, miedź, mosiądz) i badając wpływ różnych parametrów wody na korozję i następujące po tym zmiany jakości wody. Dla żeliwa i miedzi przeprowadzono eksperymenty porównawcze na rzeczywistych rurach.

EN

Corrosion in a distribution network may substantially decrease water quality. So far the investigations of corrosion phenomena were carried out on some relatively long fragments of pipes or with application of coupons of construction materials. The idea presented here consists of using a metal filings based models for determination of corrosion impact on water quality. The model allows decreasing the space requirements for such research compared to application of fragments of pipes. The model is divided into several sectors what allows observing the impact of several parameters of water on its quality. The experiments show that the changes of water quality are observed mainly during periods of stagnations. The flexibility of the model is shown by using it for different materials used in distribution systems (such as cast iron, copper and brass) as well as for different water parameters. The results of the experiments with cast iron and copper were confirmed on pilot station with the real pipes made of the materials.

10

Analiza stanu naprężeń własnych w odlewach łopatek turbiny z nadstopu niklu Inconel 713C

Kocurek P., Capek J., Nawrocki J., Sieniawski J.

Hutnik, Wiadomości Hutnicze

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2016

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Vol. 83, nr 5

219--222

PL

Kryteria doboru i warunki procesu technologicznego determinują stan naprężeń własnych w elementach konstrukcji maszyn i urządzeń. W pracy przedstawiono analizę oddziaływania obróbki wykończeniowej w procesie obróbki strumieniowo-ściernej na stan naprężeń własnych w warstwie wierzchniej precyzyjnych odlewów łopatek turbiny silnika lotniczego. Odlewy wytworzono z nadstopu niklu Inconel 713C metodą wytapianych modeli. Naprężenia własne w warstwie wierzchniej określono metodą dyfrakcji rentgenowskiej sin2ψ. Ustalono, że w warstwie wierzchniej łopatek występują naprężenia ściskające o wartości od -618 MPa do -719 MPa. Nie stwierdzono wpływu liczby operacji obróbki strumieniowo-ściernej na wartość naprężeń własnych w warstwie wierzchniej odlewów na głębokości do 5 μm.

EN

The selection and conditions of technological process determine the level of residual stress in structural parts. The paper presents the analysis of residual stress distribution in the surface layer of aircraft turbine blade castings after abrasive blasting process. The investigated Inconel 713C cast segment was manufactured by lost-wax casting method. The residual stresses were measured using X-ray diffraction – sin2Ψ method. In the surface layer of blades, the measured values of compressive stresses were ranging from -618 MPa to -719 MPa. Their values were not influenced by the number of abrasive blasting operations down to the depth of 5 μm.

11

Magnetostratigraphy of the Oligocene Lower Krosno Beds from the Hulskie section (Outer Carpathians in Poland)

Nawrocki J., Malata T., Rosowiecka O.

Geological Quarterly

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2016

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Vol. 60, No. 4

935--942

EN

The Oligocene flysch sequence from the Hulskie section in the Polish Outer Carpathians was palaeomagnetically examined. The flysch complex containing the Jasło and Zagórze limestone horizons revealed palaeomagnetic properties sufficient for a magnetostratigraphy to be established. The correlation of the local to the global magnetic polarity scale indicates that the Jasło limestone was deposited very close to the Rupelian and Chattian boundary i.e. ca. 28.4 Ma. In the same way, the age of the Zagórze limestone was defined as close to ca. 27.6 Ma. The entire450 mof studied section was formed between ca. 29 and 26.5 Ma. It implies an average sedimentary ratio of about 18 cm per thousand years. The palaeomagnetic directions from the Hulskie section do not display the Fisher type distribution and do not fit the reversal test and therefore cannot be used for any regional tectonic reconstruction.

12

Jeszcze raz o terranach w Polsce i ich wędrówce

Nawrocki J.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2015

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Vol. 63, nr 11

1272--1283

EN

Results of interdisciplinary studies conducted until now lead to a univocal conclusion that Poland should be regarded as a collage of terranes of different ages and provenances of the basement, and different amalgamation and accretion scenarios. Geophysical and tectonic-structural investigations have allowed defining, with different accuracies, the boundaries between particular terranes. Terranes located in the area of Paleozoic platform were subjected to two or three phases of mobility. The first phase of transcontinental scale was manifested by large-scale tectonic transport during rebuilding of global paleogeography. The second mobility phase of regional scaleaffected the Teisseyre-Tornquist terrane assemblage and was linked with the Laurentia and Avalonia collision. This process put in motion the escape tectonics in the earliest Devonian. As its result, some of terranes were reshuffled during their tectonic transportation in the SE direction. The third, Carboniferous phase of mobility of only local scale was related mainly to the dextral strike-slip tectonic activity. Unfortunately, in the case of several tectonostratigraphic units, an answer to the questions concerning their initial location and way of migration is still impossible. It is valid also in the case of the Teisseyre-Tornquist terrane assemblage, now located to the SE of the Moravia and Grójec fault zones. This reticence in geological diagnosis occurs in spite of generally good access to the rocks of the Brunovistulia and Małopolska terranes that could contain substantial information about the earliest stages of evolution of these units. In order to eliminate numerous gaps in our knowledge about the Polish terranes a new interdisciplinary scientific program should be developed.

13

Zastosowanie szybkiego prototypowania w procesie wytwarzania łopatek silników turbinowych

Nawrocki J., Rokicki P., Szeliga D., Nowotnik A., Drajewicz M., Budzik G., Sieniawski J.

Mechanik

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2015

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R. 88, nr 12CD2

143--146

PL

W ramach badań oraz wykonanych symulacji numerycznych wytworzono model zamka łopatki, który zastosowano w procesie wytwarzania form ceramicznych metodą traconego wosku. Przedstawione wyniki badań stanowią podstawę weryfikacji metody szybkiego prototypowania w procesie odlewania precyzyjnego łopatek silnika turbinowego.

EN

The research methodology and numerical simulations presented in the study were focused on execution of tip shroud blades element in meaning of further preparation of ceramic shell moulds. Obtained research results are a basis for verification of presented method in meaning of the manufacturing process.

14

Ograniczenia technologii form ceramicznych stosowanych przy odlewaniu lotniczych łopatek turbinowych o dużych rozmiarach

Nawrocki J., Cygan R., Kubiak K.

Mechanik

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2015

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R. 88, nr 1

50--52

PL

Przedstawiono ograniczenia procesu wytwarzania ceramicznej formy odlewniczej stosowanej przy odlewaniu precyzyjnym łopatek turbiny silników lotniczych o dużym ciągu >200 kN. Komponenty projektowane dla takich silników charakteryzuje obecność głębokich „kieszeni” (pockets) w zamku łopatki w celu zmniejszenia jej masy. Kieszeń jest odtwarzana w ceramicznej formie odlewniczej poprzez nakładanie i suszenie kolejnych warstw ceramicznych. Oceniono przebieg wysychania formy ceramicznej w kieszeniach o różnej głębokości. Analiza danych literaturowych oraz wyników badań własnych pozwoliła ustalić wartości temperatury i wilgotności oraz szybkość przepływu powietrza podczas suszenia. Stwierdzono, że prawidłowo prowadzony proces umożliwia dobre wysuszenie kieszeni formy o głębokości 5, 10 i 15 mm.

EN

Acknowledged in the paper are limitations to the investment casting mold manufacturing process used in production of cast airfoil blades installed in the 200 kN plus aircraft engines. Noted for these blades are deep, weight reducing pockets in the blade roots. Root pockets are replicated in ceramic mold by applying and drying consequent ceramic coats. Ceramic molds with the pockets of different depth were examined for drying up progress. Results of the tests carried out on drying process were compared with the relevant data supplied in literature for estimation of the optimum drying process parameters: temperature, humidity and air flow. It was found that mold drying process if performed to properly set process parameters would provide for good drying results of pockets at 5, 10 and 15 mm depth.

15

Analiza stanu naprężeń własnych w odlewach segmentu aparatu kierującego turbiny silników lotniczych

Kocurek P., Nawrocki J., Kubiak K., Sieniawski J.

Inżynieria Materiałowa

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2015

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Vol. 36, nr 3

129--133

PL

W pracy przedstawiono analizę stanu naprężeń własnych w warstwie wierzchniej odlewu segmentu aparatu kierującego turbiny silnika lotniczego. Odlew segmentu wykonano z nadstopu niklu MAR 247. Stosowano wielowarstwowe formy ceramiczne glinokrzemianowe. Pomiar naprężeń własnych metodą dyfrakcji rentgenowskiej prowadzono na dyfraktometrze umożliwiającym bezpośredni pomiar na odlewie. W warstwie wierzchniej piór segmentu stwierdzono występowanie naprężeń własnych w zakresie wartości od –11 do 82 MPa — głównie rozciągających. Strefa naprężeń własnych o największej wartości od 79 do 82 MPa występuje w pobliżu pierścienia wewnętrznego. Duże różnice wartości naprężeń własnych na poszczególnych częściach odlewu wskazują na niejednorodny przebieg procesu krystalizacji odlewu, co głównie jest związane z jego złożoną geometrią.

EN

The paper presents analysis of the residual stress distribution in the surface layer of the vane segment casting. Cast segment was made of MAR 247 nickel superalloy. Multilayer aluminosilicate ceramic forms were used. The measurement of residual stresses was carried out directly in the surface layer of vane segment by X-ray diffraction method. In the surface layer of vane segment airfoil, mainly tensile stresses were found in the range of –11 to 82 MPa. The highest values of tensile stress ranging from 79 to 82 MPa were measured in the area of internal ring. Large differences in values of residual stress indicate inhomogeneity of crystallization process mainly due to complex geometry of the casting.

16

Application of handheld XRF spectrometers for estimation of Rare Earth Elements content in alkaline intrusions from the East European Craton (NE Poland) – preliminary results

Pańczyk M., Bazarnik J., Nawrocki J., Giro L., Krzemińska E.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2015

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Vol. 41, no. 1

120

EN

The Carboniferous alkaline intrusions, which cut the Precambrian basement of East European Platform are known only from drillings. The massifs are covered by Mesozoic and Cenozoic sediments (600–800 m) and their borders were defined by extensive geophysical investigations. The Tajno alkaline-carbonatite complex, the Ełk syenite massif, the Pisz gabbro-syenite complex as well as alkaline rocks recognized as Mława or Olsztynek anomaly are the subject of systematic and complex analyses. All of them could be the potential sources for rare earth elements. The massifs were explore by several boreholes (about 12,000 m of drill core material; e.g. Ełk IG 1-4, Tajno IG 1-12, Prostki 1-2, Klusy-1, Grajewo IG-1). Thus, the main aim of our study is to precisely identify the perspective drill-core intervals within the Ełk IG4 borehole materials for better defining of locations for detailed sampling and further laboratory analysis. For this purpose we had applied handheld XRF DELTA 50 Premium spectrometers equipped with a 4W Ta anode X-ray tube (50 kV). The parameters of spectrometers (higher voltage and multi-beam system) are optimized for rare earth elements (REEs) such as Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd. Handheld XRF nondestructive analyses allowed the identification of mineralized trends and anomalies within the drill-core material at the ppm level. The previous testing analyses enabled to optimize times of acquisition for each beam and provide fast field analyses (about 100 per day).The contents of La and Ce were chosen as indicators of the REE-bearing minerals occurrence in analyzed rocks. The XRF analyses were performed for each meter of drill core. The graph of these elements content vs. depth of the samples from Ełk IG4 borehole exhibited high differentiation. The highest and lowest content of La was 17 ppm and 3241 ppm, respectively (average 167 ppm for 1185 samples, without 78 below the level of detection) and Ce – 24 ppm and 4313 ppm (average 294 ppm for 1214 samples, without 49 below the level of detection). The higher content of REE elements seems to be related to concentration of minerals such as pyroxene, mica, titanite, monazite, zircon, f luoro-carbonate as well as t he presence of secondary veins in smaller amounts.

17

Tournaisian 40Ar/39Ar age for alkaline basalts from the Lublin Basin (SE Poland)

Pańczyk M., Nawrocki J.

Geological Quarterly

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2015

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Vol. 59, No. 3

473--478

EN

The main aim of this study is to define precisely the age of the alkaline basalts occurring within the lowermost part of Carboniferous succession in the northeastern part of LublinBasin(drill core Parczew IG-7 and IG-9; SE Poland). The new, whole-rocks 40Ar/39Ar data constrain the age of volcanic activity and emplacement of alkaline basalts to the Late Tournaisian (348 ± 0.8 Ma) with possible prolongation to the Middle Visean (338.5 ± 0.7 Ma). The younger age is however of evidently poorer quality than the older one. The new data caused to correlate the volcanic processes occurring within the Lublin Basin with alkaline intrusions drilled inNE Poland inside the Paleozoic cover of the East European Platform. They also correspond to the volcanoclastic levels defined in different parts of the Trans European Suture Zone in Poland.

18

Magnetostratigraphy of the Campanian/Maastrichtian boundary succession from the Middle Vistula River section, Central Poland

Plasota T., Nawrocki J., Walaszczyk I.

Geological Quarterly

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2015

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Vol. 59, No. 4

831--842

EN

The magnetic polarities of the upper Upper Campanian–Lower Maastrichtian interval of the Middle Vistula River composite section (central Poland), were studied. Sixty-six hand-oriented samples for palaeomagnetic studies were taken from the sections of Raj, Raj North, Podole, Kłudzie and Dziurków. The inter-correlation between them is based primarily on bio-events. The sampled rocks generally revealed a very weak magnetic signal, however quite reliable results were obtained. The whole interval studied, well constrained biostratigraphically, is referred to magnetostratigraphic chron C32n. The Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary, placed biostratigraphically in the upper part of the ‘Inoceramus’ redbirdensis inoceramid Zone, is located near the top of the C32n2n Subchron. Thin reversed polarity intervals in the rocks correlated with the C32n2n chron most probably result from their partial remagnetization (maghemitization).

19

The Effect of Superalloy Structure on Ultrasonic Wave Parameters

Nawrocki J., Gancarczyk K., Manaj W., Albrecht R., Cygan R., Krupa K.

Fatigue of Aircraft Structures

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2015

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Iss. 7

61--65

EN

This paper analyses the nickel based superalloy Inconel 713C casts typically used in high and low pressure turbines of aircraft engines. The ingots were manufactured in the Research and Development Laboratory for Aerospace Materials at the Rzeszów University of Technology. The superalloy structures were analysed by the following methods: X-ray diffraction orientation measurement and ultrasonic wave propagation. Ultrasonic techniques are mainly used to measure the blade wall’s thickness. Measurement accuracy is determined by the velocity of the ultrasonic wave in the material tested. This work evaluates the effect of the nickel-based superalloy microstructure on the velocity of the ultrasonic wave propagation. Three different macrostructures: equiax (EQ), directionally solidified (DS) and single crystal (SX) were analysed. The authors determined the crystal misorientation in the obtained casts as the deviation of [001] crystallographic direction from the withdrawal axis or the main axis of the ingots. The measurements performed allowed researchers to identify significant differences in the wave velocity between EQ, DS and SX structures.

20

Magnetic polarity of Upper Triassic sediments of the Germanic Basin in Poland

Nawrocki J., Jewuła K., Stachowska A., Szulc J.

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2015

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Vol. 85, No. 4

663--674

EN

Palaeomagnetic results are presented for 205 samples of cores from the Książ Wielkopolski IG-2, Woźniki K1 and Patoka 1 wells, drilled in the Polish part of Germanic Basin. The magnetic polarity stratigraphy is based on the inclination of the characteristic remanent magnetization, isolated in 60% of the total samples and found to be in general agreement with the expected Late Triassic inclination at the sampling sites. A total of 22 magnetozones from the integration of the three records correspond to about 25% of the published polarity zones for the Upper Triassic sediments that were combined in the worldwide composite polarity-time scale. The magne- tic polarity pattern, defined for the Schilfsanstein, fits very well with the one defined in the Tethys area for the upper part of the Julian sub-stage. According to the magnetostratigraphic data, the uppermost part of the Upper Gypsum Beds (equivalent to the Ozimek Member of the redefined Grabowa Formation) and the lowermost part of the Patoka Member, containing the Krasiejów bone-breccia horizon, can be correlated with the latest Tuvalian (~228.5 Ma) or with the middle part of Lacian (~225 Ma). However, if the “Long-Tuvalian” option for the Late Triassic Time Scale is taken into consideration, the parts of these substages mentioned above should be correlated with ~221.5 Ma and ~218.5 Ma, respectively.