Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Dynamics of Productivity of Leguminous Plant Groups during Long-Term Use on Different Nutritional Backgrounds

Karbivska Uliana, Butenko Andrii, Kozak Maksym, Filon Vasyl, Bahorka Mariia, Yurchenko Nataliiа, Pshychenko Olena, Kyrylchuk Kateryna, Kharchenko Serhii, Kovalenko Ievgenii

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2023

|

Vol. 24, nr 6

190--196

EN

Deterioration of ecological situation, increase of mineral fertilizer prices and their foreseen increase in recent years force us to look for the ways to reduce the rates of their application and alternative means of maintaining high productivity of sown fodder lands. Fertilization was and remains one of the decisive ways of increasing haymaking productivity, as well as increasing their economic efficiency. The productivity of leguminous grasses based on the study of agrotechnological measures of cultivation in the conditions of the Carpathian region is currently relevant. The studied species of perennial grasses, during the three-year cultivation, showed that the largest number of shoots was formed on the variant with horned sedge and was 1185–1201 pieces/m2. Medicago sativa had the smallest number of shoots (470 pics/m2, control (without fertilizers)). Trifolium pratense and Lotus corniculatus provided the highest productivity in relation to other species from 20 to 31%. Analysis of single–species crops productivity of perennial bean grasses by cuttings showed that the peculiarities obtained on average for all slopes, were also similar in each of two slopes. During the three–year use of the herbage on the yield from 1 ha of dry mass in both slopes, the herbage factor had the greatest influence, the share of which was 61–62%, while the share of the influence of fertilizer was 38–39%.

2

Study of the Qualitative State of Podzolized Black Soil in Short-Term Crop Rotations

Hryhoriv Yaroslava, Karbivska Uliana, Turak Oleg, Chernevyi Yurii, Oliinyk Vasyl, Koliadzhyn Ihor, Savchyn Andrii, Dmytryk Pavlo, Gniezdilova Victoria, Asanishvili Nadiia

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

|

2023

|

Vol. 24, iss. 7

98--104

EN

Presented work long-term experiment research (2012–2022 in ongoing experiment) on podzolized black soil to study the effectiveness of the use of organic (manure, non-marketable part of the crop, siderate) and mineral fertilizing systems in short term crop rotation were presented. The positive influence impact of the use of organic fertilizers and non-marketable part of the crop on stabilizing the amount of humus, increasing the reserves of alkaline-hydrolyzed nitrogen, exchangeable mobile phosphorus and potassium forms compounds in the soil was established. Changes in the nutrient regime and agrochemical properties of podzolized black soil under different saturation of crop rotations with cultivated crops, grain crops and leguminous plants were shown. A significant impact on the agrochemical characteristics of the soil in short-term crop rotations under crops of both the organicmineral fertilizer system and its predecessors was proven. It was established that the use of organic-mineral fertilizers (traditional organic-mineral fertilizer system) in crop rotation provides an increase in the content of nutrients in both arable and subarable layers of the soil, promotes an increase in the amount of crop residues, and, accordingly, harvest residues helps to increase the amount of crop residues, and provides a positive balance of nutrients under crops in crop rotation. The research materials are of practical importance for the implementation of nutrition optimization systems in short term crop rotations aimed at both sustainable increase of crop yields as well as maintenance and restoration of soil fertility.

3

Changes in Agrochemical Parameters of Sod-Podzolic Soil Depending on the Productivity of Cereal Grasses of Different Ripeness and Methods of Tillage in the Carpathian Region

Karbivska Uliana, Asanishvili Nadiia, Butenko Andrii, Rozhko Valentina, Karpenko Olena, Sykalo Оksana, Chernega Tetyana, Masyk Ihor, Chyrva Andrii, Kustovska Alla

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2022

|

Vol. 23, nr 1

55--63

EN

Productivity and mowing periods of various cereal grasses on sod–podzolic soil of Pre–Carpathians were studied. The presence of sown grasses with different ripeness periods provides uniform supply of mowing mass from the middle of May till late September and productivity of lands, which is 5.4–6.8 t ha-1 of dry mass, exchange energy – 44.1–56.8 GJ ha-1 and 3.81–4.87 t ha-1 f.u. On the basis of the obtained results, it was found that with increase of tillage depth from 8–10 cm for surface tillage with disk tools to 20–22 cm by plowing, the productivity of all studied species increased by 2–3% on average for three years with fertilization dose of LSD05 equal to 0.30 t ha-1. Cultivation of cereal grasses on sod–podzolic soils stipulates improvement of their fertility, in particular increasing indices of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

4

Nutrient Balance of Sod-Podzolic Soil Depending on the Productivity of Meadow Agrophytocenosis and Fertilization

Karbivska Uliana, Masyk Ihor, Butenko Andrii, Onychko Viktor, Onychko Tetiana, Kriuchko Lyudmyla, Rozhko Valentina, Karpenko Olena, Kozak Maksym

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

|

2022

|

Vol. 23, iss. 2

70--77

EN

The influence of mineral fertilizers on productivity and nutrient balance of sod–podzolic soil when growing cereal meadow agrophytocenosis under conditions of Precarpathians of Ukraine was researched. It was found that the dependence of cereal agrocenosis productivity on the doses and ratios of N, P, K in mineral fertilizers is described by equation (polynomial) of the 2nd degree. Among the mineral elements, nitrogen is has the greatest influence on grass productivity. When applying the total dose of N75 with even distribution of nitrogen under each of three mowings on different backgrounds of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, the productivity of cereal grass increases by 2.82–3.06 t ha-1 of dry mass, and when applying N150 by 3.33–4.93 t ha-1 of dry mass. Recoupment of nitrogen fertilizers per 1 kg by yield increase when applying N75 is 38–41 kg of dry mass, which is 4–5 kg more compared to the application of N150. The indices of phosphorus and especially potassium removal, as well as deficiency of these elements in the balance increased along with nitrogen dose. Independently of the phosphorus and potassium doses, the lowest indices are fixed on a nitrogen–free background, and the highest – on the background of N150.