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EN
The article aims to show that reliable IT support was crucial for the survival and sustainability of organisations during the COVID-19 pandemic. The article considers the negative effect of the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on the organisational sustainability of an organisation (i.e., organisational performance through employee job performance). It explores the role of IT reliability in mitigating such a negative effect. To verify the hypotheses, the empirical studies were performed during the COVID-19 crisis with 1160 organisations operating in Poland, Italy and the USA. The data were analysed using multiple linear regression models with mediators and moderators. The results confirmed that due to the ability to limit the severity of a crisis-induced negative effect on employee job performance (influencing organisational performance), IT reliability could be considered a mitigator for the negative effect of the COVID-19 crisis on the sustainability of organisations. The results indicate that IT reliability should be fostered among organisations operating during the COVID-19 pandemic to maintain sustainability.
EN
Purpose: The article concerns the influence of employees’ dynamic capabilities on job performance and the role of e-leadership in strengthening such a relation. Design/methodology/approach: The hypotheses were verified among 1200 organizations operating in Poland, Italy and USA during 2nd wave of COVID-19 pandemic. The statistical reasoning was based on linear regression model with moderator. Findings: The results show that e-leadership is indeed strengthening the positive influence of employees’ dynamic capabilities on job performance, and moreover – such effect is much stronger among organizations operating in crisis during circumstances of COVID-19 pandemic, striving to survive. Research limitations/implications: The empirical research should be treated as a pilot study, as the systemic literature review is limited and has a character of an initial review aiming at the identification of future direction of research in this regard. Practical implications: The obtained results show that organizations, which experience crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic are characterized by a much higher level of EDC influence on job performance than those, which do not experience crisis. It is clearly showing the important role of EDC in managing such organizations and transforming their way of doing business in order to survive the crisis. Originality/value: The obtained results contribute new knowledge to the field of job performance management during crisis, confirming that dynamic capabilities are crucial among employees and this specific type of capabilities should be shaped and enhanced among those organizations struggling through crisis caused by COVID-19 pandemic.
EN
The paper aims to verify the Job Performance Model based on Employees’ Dynamic Capabilities (EDC) and explain the mechanisms shaping job performance based on EDC in an initial phase of the crisis in an organisation due to the Black Swan phenomena, on the example of the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020. Empirical research on Italian organisations affected by the crisis shows that the Model is significantly distorted under such conditions. To verify the internal structure of the Job Performance Model based on EDC under critical conditions, the statistical correlation analysis, linear regression analysis and path analysis were executed using SPSS and SPSS AMOS. The research result of the statistical analysis confirmed that the new version of the Model for organisations under the Black Swan phenomenon was statistically significant without work motivation and job satisfaction. It was also proven that P–J fit still linked EDC and job performance through strengthening work engagement. The research confirmed that the Job Performance Model based on EDC, which has so far been verified under normal working conditions, radically changed its structure during the COVID-19 crisis. This means that factors previously considered important in the Job Performance Model based on EDC have become insignificant in shaping job performance. Therefore, this is an inspiration for further research to verify the Job Performance Model based on EDC in different phases of the crisis.
EN
The aim of the paper is to consider the classical principle of staff stabilization – especially the employment stability of the chief executive – and whether it is still valid in the case of non-profit organizations. The first part of the article presents the theoretical background, which underlines the relation between the period of employment of the chief executive and results achieved by the organization. The second part presents the results of empirical research performed in order to verify the assumed hypothesis. The research is based on the analysis of football clubs from Premiere League as an example of non-profit organizations operating in a turbulent environment. The third part of the article interprets empirical results; in the conclusion the research hypothesis is formulated.
PL
Celem artykułu jest rozważenie, czy klasyczna zasada stabilizacji personelu, a właściwie stabilizacji zatrudnienia kierownika naczelnego, jest właściwa w odniesieniu do organizacji non-profit. W pierwszej części opracowania omówiono wyniki analizy doniesień literaturowych dotyczących związku między stabilizacją zatrudnienia kierownika naczelnego i wynikami organizacji. W drugiej części przedstawiono wyniki badań empirycznych zorientowanych na weryfikację postawionych hipotez badawczych. Obiektami badań były kluby piłkarskie Premier League stanowiące przykład organizacji non-profit funkcjonujących w turbulentnym otoczeniu. W trzeciej części artykułu podjęto próbę interpretacji wyników empirycznych, której rezultatem jest sformułowanie hipotezy badawczej.
5
Content available remote IT reliability and the results of accredited laboratories functioning in Poland
EN
The article indicates the need to apply IT solutions in research and reference laboratories operating in Poland in the context of measurable benefits. The results of empirical studies carried out in 84 laboratories are presented. Most of the surveyed entities declare the use of standard (typical) information systems, and almost three-fifths use specialized software dedicated to the laboratory's field of activity. Oddly enough, entities declaring the implementation of typical IT solutions have lower performance parameters than those that do not. The analysis confirms that the use of (reliable) IT in research and reference laboratories allows to achieve measurable benefits in these entities in all areas of their functioning. Reliable IT supports, among others, processes in the laboratory (including identification and elimination of possible disturbances), has a positive impact on the quality of services, management efficiency and increases the level of competitiveness.
PL
W artykule wskazano na konieczność stosowania rozwiązań IT w laboratoriach badawczych i wzorcujących funkcjonujących w Polsce w kontekście możliwych do uzyskania, wymiernych korzyści. Przedstawiono wyniki badań empirycznych przeprowadzonych w 84 laboratoriach. Większość badanych podmiotów (trzy czwarte) deklaruje stosowanie standardowych (typowych) systemów informacyjnych, a prawie trzy piąte posługuje się specjalistycznym oprogramowaniem dedykowanym dla obszaru działalności laboratorium. Co dość dziwne, organizacje deklarujące wdrożenie typowych rozwiązań IT odnotowują niższe parametry wynikowe niż te, które ich nie stosują. Analiza potwierdza, że stosowanie niezawodnego IT w laboratoriach badawczych i wzorcujących pozwala na osiągniecie w tych podmiotach wymiernych korzyści we wszystkich obszarach ich funkcjonowania. Niezawodne IT sprzyja m.in. prawidłowym przebiegom procesów w laboratorium (w tym identyfikacji i eliminacji ewentualnych zakłóceń) wpływa pozytywnie na jakość usług, sprawność zarządzania i podniesienie poziomu konkurencyjności laboratoriów. Wzrostowi niezawodności IT towarzyszy wzrost parametrów wynikowych funkcjonowania badanych laboratoriów.
EN
The article refers to a valid and current research area, which is the role of information technology (IT) in the formation of business sustainability (BS). The main objective of this article is to identify the role of IT in shaping sustainable organization in the context of different, partly conflicting, approaches to BS and empirical verification of the proposed theoretical framework. The article describes key differences between BS approaches in case cognitive logic (reductionist versus integrative logic) and axiological (individualistic-egoistic versus holistic-altruistic axiology) distinction. Theoretical role of IT in shaping integrative logic for BS is identified and presented. The proposed theoretical concept is empirically verified. The verification is based on empirical studies conducted in 400 SMEs operating in Poland in 2017.
EN
The article contributes to the discussion on the validity and ways of simplifying modern organisations. There is an increasing focus on simplifying organisations, especially their organisational structures. However, the environment of contemporary organisations is increasingly complex, dynamic and uncertain. Therefore, the postulate of simplicity seems to question Ashby’s law stating that one kind of variety must be balanced by a different kind of variety. To cope with the indicated discrepancy, it is assumed that the simplification of some elements of an organisation is only possible due to the excessive complexity of others. The paper aims to verify the concept of organisational simplexity developed by e Cunha and Rego, which postulates the fit between simple structural solutions, complex workforce and complex environment. However, organisational performance is a factor verifying the legitimacy of the fit. The literature study explored the contradiction inherent in the postulate on the simplification of modern organisations. The contingency theory provided a major framework for the study. The research hypothesis was developed and empirically verified. The empirical study targeted 1142 organisations operating in Poland and Switzerland, different by their industry, size and the form of ownership. To verify the hypothesis, a statistical analysis was carried out, and the multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) method was used. The main result of the critical literature analysis is the finding that theoretical indications for simplifying modern organisations are fragmented, mainly focused on simplifying selected elements of an organisation, not considering the contradiction inherent in the postulate of simplicity related to environmental features and not verified empirically. The notion of the simplexity has been adopted, and it treats the simplicity and complexity as interrelated issues conditioned by situational factors. According to the empirical research results, the fit has been revealed between the degree of structure simplicity, the workforce complexity and the environment features.
EN
This article mainly aims to verify the role of IT reliability as the factor potentially strengthening the CRM influence on organisational performance and conclude whether the IT reliability is indeed an important factor shaping the CRM ability to generate value for an organisation. Methodology. The empirical research was conducted to verify the existence of such a relation. The research was carried out based on the survey performed among organisations, and the sample included 558 entities from Poland and 564 from Switzerland. The statistical analysis of the obtained results was carried out using regression analysis with the moderator. Results. The obtained models clearly show that IT reliability is a moderator of the relation between CRM time-of-use and the organisational performance. The theoretical contribution. The obtained results clearly confirm that the existing IT solutions should support CRM, and with such support, this management method is positively influencing the organisational performance. Such a conclusion seems to be an important contribution to the studied field of research, filling the research gap concerning the mechanism of IT support for CRM. It remains consistent with the views from the literature and contributes to their extension.
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