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Propagation of Upwelling on Western-Coast Sumatra During Madden-Julian Oscillation Event

Haryanto Y. D., Fitrianti N., Hartoko A., Anggoro S., Zainuri M.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 19, nr 1

122--128

EN

Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) is an atmospheric oscillation due to atmospheric phenomenon that occurs due to the uniformity of solar energy received at the surface of the earth, MJO is a natural occurrence in the seaatmosphere system. When the MJO is active, in general there will be a disturbance in the upper air which is then followed by an anomaly at sea surface pressure causing the changes in the wind on the surface. The changes in the surface wind affect the sea surface currents which then cause the occurrence of coastal upwelling downwelling. The upwelling process itself is a process whereby a sea mass is pushed upward along the continent, when the beach is to the left of the wind direction, the ecological transport leads to the mass of water away from the coast. As a result, there is a mass vacuum (divergence) in the coastal area. This mass void will be filled by the mass of water from the inner layer that moves to the surface. Indonesian territory itself is passed by MJO in phases 3, 4 and 5, while for Sumatra region is passed by MJO phase 3 and 4. This research aims to identify the propagation of coastal upwelling during MJO on the west coast of Sumatera, therefore the data of geopotential height, surface pressure sea ( MSLP), zonal and meridional components and sea surface temperature are used to analyze how the MJO effect on the coastal upwelling occurs in the research area. The analysis was conducted in June, July and August by comparing the atmospheric conditions at the time of strong MJO in phases 3 and 4 with normal viewing of anomaly geopotential height and MSLP and then seeing the anomaly surface wind changes from zonal wind (u) and meridional wind (v) and changes in SST in Sumatra region. The result shows that there is a change of GH and MSLP when MJO passes the west coast of Sumatra and then follows the change in the value of u and v and SST to identify the upwelling, while the anomaly change negative SST does not occur when MJO is active but has time lag (lag). In this analysis it was found that SST anomaly occurs when the anomaly changes in both the upper and surface water occurring after 5 days in phases 3, 4 and 5.

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System Dynamic Modelling and Simulation for Cultivation of Forest Land: Case Study Perum Perhutani, Central Java, Indonesia

Musi C., Anggoro S., Sunarsih S.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 18, nr 4

25--34

EN

The deforestation and forest degradation rates have a propensity to rise every year. The problems in pertaining with the issue is not solely preoccupied on the ecological concern but also to the socio-economic impacts. The complexity of forest management is a serious barrier in determining a better management policy. Modeling system is a simple method to describe the real situation in nature. A qualitative approach is used to identify the relationship between the dynamics of important behaviors. The causal relationships among the factors were investigated by using causal loop diagram. The model conceptualization was constructed by using a stock-flow diagram. The result of the simulation model was used to determine the alternative policies for better forest management. The results indicated that the tenant welfare would be enhanced through the provision of production-sharing by 25% and the Corporate Social Responsibility by 2%, which yields a reduction in cultivated area of 916.61 ha within a period of 67 years or a decline of land area by an average of 13.68 ha per year.

3

Analysis of Heavy Metal Content of Pb in Ballast Water Tank of Commercial Vessels in Port of Tanjung Emas Semarang, Central Java Province

Tjahjono A., Bambang A. N., Anggoro S.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 18, nr 2

7--11

EN

Heavy metal pollution in the port area had affected aquatic organisms. The research about the heavy metal content of ballast water of commercial vessels, both passenger or cargo vessels, berthing in Port of Tanjung Emas Semarang (PTES), has been conducted by using a method of AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy). Sample was gathered from vessels berthed in PTES, dated on December 18th 2014 to October 21st 2015. The results of the research show that the mean content of Pb in ballast water tank is 0.37192 mg·l-1. Based on the Decree of Minister of Environment number 51/2004, heavy metal content of Pb in ballast water tank has exceeded the quality standards of port waters.