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Wigner crystal and other insulating phases of two-dimensional electrons in high magnetic fields

Podor B.

Opto-Electronics Review

2001

Vol. 9, No. 2

195-202

A concise review of the history and of the hasic physics of the Wigner crystal (electron solid) in two-dimensional electron systems in semiconductor heterostructures is given. The results of our experimental study on the formation and of the properties of the magnetic field-induced insulating phase, supposed to he a Wigner crystal, in a two-dimensional electron gas in In₀.₅₃Ga₀.₄₇As/InP heterostructures are surveyed. These structures are characterised by a much greater disorder potential than AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures due to the inherent alloy disorder in the InGaAs layer supporting the two-dimensional electron gas. In high magnetic fields, helow a Landau level filling factor of 0.4-0.5 divergent resistivity, non-linear current-voltage characteristics with a threshold, and a transition from non-activated to activated transport were observed. A model is proposed for the Wigner crystal-like ordering of the two-dimensional electron gas in this system with large disorder