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2 Optica Applicata

2 2002

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Optical measurement of blood sediment formation at high haematocrit

Kowalińska E., Górnicki A., Grzegorzewski B.

Optica Applicata

2002

Vol. 32, nr 4

701-708

In this paper we have presented the results of optical measurements concerning blood sediment formation. The intensity of the laser light transmitted through a blood sample has been measured and analysed. It is shown that the mechanism of blood sedimentation at high haematocrit is different from the mechanism of sedimentation at normal haematocrit. In blood samples with normal haematocrit three blood phases are formed during the sedimentation process: the well-known supernatant plasma, the phase of rouleaux formation and the phase of the so-called demixed blood. However, at high haematocrit only two phases of blood can be distinguished: the phase of supernatant plasma and the phase of demixed blood. Our study shows that the slow aggregation process at high haematocrit leads to the reorganisation of the demixed blood structure, while at normal haematocrit this reorganisation is not observed. When the reorganisation process is finished, the squeezing of the demixed blood begins. The results of our research demonstrate that the optical method is very useful in understanding the mechanism of the blood sedimentation process.

Diffraction measurement of erythrocyte sedimentation rate

Grzegorzewski B., Kowalińska E., Górnicki A., Gutsze A.

Optica Applicata

2002

Vol. 32, nr 1-2

17-23

We propose a new method to measure the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). In clinical practice, the ESR is determined by visual inspection of the fall of blood/plasma boundary. The test applied to the blood of patients with polycythemia vera gives low or zero sedimentation rate. It is shown that in this case the upper boundary of the container and the frontier of the red blood form a slit filled with plasma. Diffraction of laser light by the slit was investigated. Intensity distributions of the diffraction pattern were measured during the sedimentation process. The ESR was determined from the temporal dependence of the position of successive intensity maxima of the diffraction pattern. The sedimentation curves signalise the existence of two phases of the blood formed in the process.