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Wytwarzanie katod metalicznych ze strukturami plazmonicznymi do polimerowych ogniw fotowoltaicznych

Ciesielski A., Kasztelaniec R., Pastuszczak A., Stefaniuk T., Wróbel P., Szoplik T., Stępień P., Badeński M.

Elektronika : konstrukcje, technologie, zastosowania

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2014

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Vol. 55, nr 9

99-102

PL

Katoda w cienkowarstwowych polimerowych ogniwach fotowoltaicznych powinna mieć zdolność zatrzymywania światła w obszarze ogniwa. W tym celu na jej powierzchni tworzy się nanostruktury, które pozwalają na generowanie przez światło zlokalizowanych plazmonów powierzchniowych. Wydajne sprzęganie fotonów do plazmonów elektrostatycznych wymaga pokrycia katody drobnymi elementami, które zapełniają gęsto całą jej powierzchnię. W tej pracy przedstawiamy trzy sposoby na efektywne wytworzenie struktur plazmonicznych w cienkich warstwach metalicznych aluminium. Są to: tworzenie wysokorozdzielczych siatek dyfrakcyjnych, wykorzystanie samoorganizacji nanowarstw aluminium w procesie napylania oraz litografia cienia.

EN

Thin film polymer solar cells cathode should be capable of light trapping within the cell. Therefore nanostructures which allow coupling of incydent light to localized plasmons are fabricated on the surface of metal layer. Dense nanopatterning of the whole cathode area provides efficient generation of electrostatic plasmons. In this work we present three methods to fabricate plasmonic nanostructures on Al thin films: recording of diffraction gratings with high spatial frequency and deep modulation, deposition of self-assembling Al nanoflakes and structuring by shadow nanosphere lithography.

2

Sensitivity of imaging properties of metal-dielectric layered flat lens to fabrication inaccuracies

Kotyński R., Baghdasaryan H., Stefaniuk T., Pastuszczak A., Marciniak M., Lavrinenko A., Panajotov K., Szoplik T.

Opto-Electronics Review

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2010

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Vol. 18, No. 4

446-457

EN

We characterize the sensitivity of imaging properties of a layered silver-TiO₂ flat lens to fabrication inaccuracies. The lens is designed for approximately diffraction-free imaging with subwavelength resolution at distances in the order of a wavelength. Its operation may be attributed to self-collimation with a secondary role of Fabry-Perot resonant transmission, even though the first order effective medium description of the structure is inaccurate. Super-resolution is maintained for a broad range of overall thicknesses and the total thickness of the multilayer is limited by absorption. The tolerance analysis indicates that the resolution and transmission efficiency are highly sensitive to small changes of layer thicknesses.

3

Corrugated SNOM probe with enhanced energy throughput

Antosiewicz T. J., Szoplik T.

Opto-Electronics Review

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2008

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Vol. 16, No. 4

451-457

EN

In a previous paper we proposed a modification of metal-coated tapered-fibre aperture probes for scanning near-field optical microscopes (SNOMs). The modification consists in radial corrugations of the metal-dielectric interface oriented inward the core. Their purpose is to facilitate the excitation of surface plasmons, which increase the transport of energy beyond the cut-off diameter and radiate a quasi-dipolar field from the probe output rim. An increase in energy output allows for reduction of the apex diameter, which is the main factor determining the resolution of the microscope. In two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations we analyse the performance of the new type of SNOM probe. We admit, however, that the two-dimensional approximation gives better results than expected from exact three-dimensional ones. Nevertheless, optimisation of enhanced energy throughput in corrugated probes should lead to at least twice better resolution with the same sensitivity of detectors available nowadays.

4

Energy transport in plasmon waveguides on chains of metal nanoplates

Saj W. M., Antosiewicz T. J., Pniewski J., Szoplik T.

Opto-Electronics Review

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2006

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Vol. 14, No. 3

243-251

EN

An interest in energy transport in 3D chains of metal nanoparticles is oriented towards future applications in nanoscale optical devices. We consider plasmonic waveguides composed of silver nanoplates arranged in several geometries to find the one with the lowest attenuation. We investigate light propagation of 500-nm wavelength along different chains of silver nanoplates of subwavelength length and width and wavelength-size height. Energy transmission of the waveguides is analysed in the range of 400-2000 nm. We find that chain of short parallel nanoplates guides energy better than two electromagnetically coupled continuous stripes and all other considered nonparallel structures. In a wavelength range of 500-600 nm, this 2-µm long 3D waveguide transmits 39% of incident energy in a channel of λ x λ/2 cross section area.

5

Photonic systems for local image processing

Buczyński R., Viet K. B., Szoplik T., Veretennicoff I., Thienpont H.

Opto-Electronics Review

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2001

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Vol. 9, No. 3

215-228

EN

Local image processing is about performing a basic group of simple arthmetic and logic operations an a limited neighbourhood of very pixel in 2 D-represented data. The parallel architecture of optoelectronic processors makes these machines especially well suited to perform such local operations. In this paper we present some possible architectures of such processors and a proof-of-principle demonstrator based on present-day technology. We discuss applications and highlight limitations.

6

Functional properties of dual-rail photonic image processor using comparator arrays

Buczyński R., Szoplik T., Jankowski S., Veretennicoff I., Thienpont H.

Optica Applicata

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2001

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Vol. 31, nr 2

453-465

EN

We extend the description of a discrete-time cellular neural network, depicting the behaviour of both cellular and morphological processors, to any type of dual-rail processors. We show that a system with two arrays of differential pairs of transceivers can be treated as a two-layer cellular network and that it can perform morphological and rank order filter operations. As an illustration we built and tested a dual-rail processor composed of arrays of GaAs optical thyristor differential pairs and highlight experimental results on median filtering

7

Compression of greyscale images based on sub-band decomposition using morphological filters.

Pniewski J., Szoplik T.

Optica Applicata

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2000

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Vol. 30, nr 2-3

335-347

EN

We present an algorithm for compression of greyscale images, which is a dification of the morphological sub-band decomposition algorithm proposed by Pei and Chen. In the first step, an input image is decomposed into four sub-bands using morphological opening and closing filters. In the second step, sub-bands are compressed with lossless methods matched to the dynamics of each sub-band. After transmission the sub-bands are decompressed and added together to form the output image. Results of computer simulations are presented.

8

Supervised classification of Łobez forest area in Landsat images.

Przybyszewska A., Pniewski J., Szoplik T.

Optica Applicata

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1999

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Vol. 29, nr 4

529-542

EN

In the paper, we analyse spectral information content of satellite picture of 728 square kilometres terrain in the northwestern Poland. Our aim is to classify forest areas on the basis of combined information from the multispectral Landsat image and ground truth data. The classification procedure chosen is the maximum likelihood method with equal a priori probabilities of the presence of particular classes in the image. The forest stands are classified to 13 and the other grounds to 23 classes.