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Use of lawn grass mixtures with iron sulphate for the renovation of lawn with moss

Zielewicz W., Golińska B.

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 63, nr 3

141--145

EN

The experiment was established on the shaded area of the lawn occupied by mosses (Bryophyta sp.) around the Biocentrum building of the University of Life Sciences in Poznań. Lawns with moss were selected for the study, with an average share of at least 55%. Three seed mixtures present on the market in the commercial offer of seed companies were tested in the experiment. Mixture G contained grass seeds coated with a monohydrate form of iron sulphate (FeSO4 H2O) in the amount of 31.92 mg of Fe, while in the mixture R the heptahydrate form (FeSO4 7H2O) in the amount of 1.5 mg of Fe per 1 gram of kernels was used. The seeds of the H control mixture were not coated with iron sulphate. The best effects of moss control in the lawn, among the tested lawn mixtures whose seeds were coated with iron sulphate were obtained after the use of mixture G. This application led to brisk dying and eradication of mosses yet the germination rate of kernels was slower than in the case of other mixtures and so was the pace of sodding in the areas under renovation. In the case of the lawn mixture R, no toxic effects on mosses and their permanent control were found. Lack of satisfactory effects in moss control was caused by the use of too low concentration of iron sulphate, which coated the seeds. The most effective moss control and surface coverage with new grass seedlings was obtained using the traditional method based on applying Nawomix fertilizer to control mosses, raking dead moss and sowing seeds with lawn mixture H following seeds covering by soil.

PL

Doświadczenie założono na zacienionej powierzchni trawnika opanowanego przez mchy (Bryophyta sp.) wokół budynku Biocentrum Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Poznaniu. Do badań wybrano powierzchnie trawnika porośnięte mchami, których średni udział stanowił co najmniej 55%. W doświadczeniu testowano trzy mieszanki nasienne obecne na rynku w ofercie handlowej firm nasiennych. W mieszance G ziarniaki traw pokryte były jednowodną formą siarczanu żelaza (FeSO4 H2O) w ilości 31,92 mg Fe, natomiast w mieszance R zastosowano formę siedmiowodną (FeSO4 7H2O) w ilości 1,5 mg Fe w 1 gramie ziarniaków. Ziarniaki mieszanki kontrolnej H nie były pokryte solami żelaza. Najlepsze efekty zwalczania mchów w trawniku, spośród badanych mieszanek gazonowych, których ziarniaki zostały pokryte siarczanem żelaza uzyskano po zastosowaniu mieszanki G. Odznaczała się ona bardzo dobrą szybkością zamierania i skutecznością niszczenia mchów, jednak ustępowała w porównaniu do pozostałych mieszanek pod względem szybkości kiełkowania ziarniaków i zadarniania powierzchni objętych renowacją. W przypadku mieszanki gazonowej R nie stwierdzono toksycznego oddziaływania na mchy oraz ich trwałego zwalczania. Brak zadawalających efektów w niszczeniu mchów spowodowany był zastosowaniem zbyt niskiego stężenia siarczanu żelaza, jakim pokryto powierzchnię ziarniaków. Najbardziej efektywne zwalczenie mchów i pokrycie powierzchni nowymi siewkami traw uzyskano przy wykorzystaniu tradycyjnej metody renowacji trawnika, polegającej na zastosowaniu w pierwszej kolejności nawozu Nawomix zwalczającego mchy, wygrabieniu obumarłego mchu oraz dokonaniu zasiewu mieszanką gazonową H z przykryciem nasion glebą.

2

Amazonian Dark Earths in the context of pre-Columbian settlements

Golińska B.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2014

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Vol. 40, no. 2

219--232

EN

Important information about pre-Columbian Amazonian settlement and economy provide Amazonian Dark Earths (ADE), black or brown soils characterized by the presence of charcoal in high concentrations, with highly elevated nutrients and organic matter and higher pH level. Usually ADE are related to large concentrations of ceramics, stone artifacts and animal remains. The main factor for the initiation of ADE formation was the long-lasted, fully sedentary pre-Columbian settlement. Its size and a form can be correlated with traces of historical human habitation. Thus, these sites can reflect the social organization of a specific group. Therefore, ADE studies can bring much valuable information concerning pre-Columbian settlement in Amazonia.

3

Nowe rozwiązanie technologiczne - lepsze wykorzystanie biomasy łąkowej

Goliński P., Daszkiewicz J., Golińska B., Czerwiński M.

Czysta Energia

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2014

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Nr 9

38--41

4

Zmienność barwy trawnika wiechlinowego

Kozłowski S., Goliński P., Golińska B.

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

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2002

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Vol. 11, No. 1

130--135

EN

In an experim ent established in 1999 at the premises of the Agricultural University in Poznań, colour changeability of a Kentucky blue-grass lawn developed from Limousine (G) and Ani (PL) cultivars as well as a mixture of Canadian cultivars called Trawan was investigated. During the period of vegetation, the lawn was fertilised with annual quantities of 200 kg/ha N, 70 kg/ha P2O5 and 120 kg/ha K2O applied in five doses, cut 25 times at the height of 3-4 cm and irrigated with an automatic system TORO. The content of chlorophyll dyes found in leaf blades was used as the evaluation criterion of the lawn colour. In the course of the vegetation period, 20 measurements of chlorophyll a and b were taken employing for this purpose the traditional method by Peach and Tracey. In conditions of systematic cutting and irrigation, the colour of the Kentucky blue-grass lawn showed considerable variations. It appears that the content of chlorophyll in leaf blades is affected by weather conditions as well as nutrients supplied in fertilisers. The highest concentrations of a + b chlorophyll, i.e. the most intensive colour, during the vegetation season was observed in the mixture of Canadian cultivars Trawan. In comparison with Limousine and Ani cultivars, the Canadian mixture was characterised by the highest colour stability in spring and summer. In autumn, the Limousine cultivar exhibited the least variability in concentrations of a + b chlorophyll.

5

Predyspozycje Festuca rubra do odkładania filcu na trawnikach

Golińska B., Goliński P.

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

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2002

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Vol. 11, No. 1

173--178

EN

The objective of the research project was to determine the predisposition of Festuca rubra cultivars to deposit mat on lawns in their first year after establishment. In a field experiment of randomised blocks (blocks of 1 m2 in three replications) carried out in the Brody Experimental Station, twenty cultivars of Red Fescue fertilised with the following two levels of NPK fertilisation (kg/ha): I - 60 : 20 : 40 and II - 120 : 40 : 80 were investigated. In order to evaluate the over ground part of turf in its 0-5 cm layer, its weight was determined. Later, this plant material was used to perform chemical analyses with the aim to determine lignin and cellulose concentrations and to calculate the ratio of these two compounds (L/C). The obtained results allowed to conclude in the first year of utilisation, the examined cultivars of Festuca rubra exhibited considerable variability of the weight of turf over ground part and its Chemical composition with regard to lignin and cellulose. The highest L/C ratio indicating the tendency of Red Fescue to deposit plant mat faster was observed in Barcrown, Adio and Smirna cultivars. Intensive mineral fertilisation resulted in the inerease of lignin concentration and L/C ratio in the examined cultivars of Festuca rubra.

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Ocena przydatności wybranych odmian hodowlanych Festuca rubra i Festuca ovina do ekstensywnego użytkowania trawnikowego

Golińska B.

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

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2002

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Vol. 11, No. 1

123--129

EN

In years 1999-2000 an experiment was carried out in the Brody Experimental Station in which the author assessed the usefulness of 20 cultivars of Festuca rubra and 4 cultivars of Festuca ovina for extensive lawn utilisation in the year of sowing and in the first year of utilisation. The experiments comprised the following determinations: the degree of plant tillering (9° scale), number of leaves per plant, number of tillers developed by a plant, sodding (using Weber’s method), sward height (using a herbometer), sward yield (from the area of 0.5 m2) and yield of the root bulk (from a cylinder of 6 cm diameter and the depth of 8 cm). The performed studies were carried out on 1 m2 plots in three replications. In conditions of extensive lawn utilisation, out of 20 cultivars of Festuca rubra, Nimba, Barcrown and Aniset deserve positive marks. In comparison with Leo cultivar, the above cultivars were characterised by better sodding, shorter sward, similar sward yield and distinctly greater weight of roots. Napoli and Smirna received the worst marks for the examined traits. Out of the 4 examined cultivars of Festuca ovina, Mimi proved the best one from the point of view of its sodding traits and root yield although it developed higher plants. Noni also turned out to be a very interesting breeding creation characterised by a very slow regrowth and good sodding. Sodding, sward height and plant over ground and root yields turned out to be good criteria for the assessment of grass cultivar suitability for extensive lawn utilisation.