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Climate analysis as a basis for a sustainable water management at the Lusatian Neisse

Pluntke T., Schwarzak S., Kuhn K., Lünich K., Adynkiewicz-Piragas M., Otop I., Miszuk B.

Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. Research and Operational Applications

2016

Vol. 4, Iss. 1

3--11

Current and future climate conditions and their impact on water balance, ecosystems, air quality and bio and agro-climatology were investigated in the region of the Lusatian Neisse within the two EU -projects – NEYMO and KLAPS. This work focuses on the climate analysis of the region at the German-Polish border as a preliminary step for a hydrological analysis of current and future conditions. Observed climatological data were processed and analysed using the indicators air temperature, precipitation, sunshine duration, potential evapotranspiration and the climatic water balance (CWB). The latter defines the difference between precipitation and potential evapotranspiration and is a measure for the climatological water availability in the region. Observations were used to statistically downscale data from Global Circulation Models under various scenarios regarding greenhouse gas emissions (A1B, RCP 2.6, RCP 8.5) and applying the WETTREG-method for regionalization. In total, 50 climate projections for periods up until the end of the 21st century were analysed, with the application of the mentioned indicators. For the period 1971-2010, increasing trends of temperature, precipitation, sunshine duration and potential evapotranspiration were found. This leads to a reduced CWB in the summer half-year (SHY), which could be partly compensated by an increase in the winter half-year (WHY). Trends of temperature, sunshine duration and potential evapotranspiration remain positive for the far future (2071-2100), but precipitation decreases. These climatic conditions aggravate water availability, especially in the SHY. Impacts on water management are very probable and were therefore further investigated in the NEY MO project that applied hydrological models.

Zróżnicowanie temperatury powietrza w Górach Bystrzyckich w sezonie wegetacyjnym na przykładzie 2001 roku

Sobik M., Miszuk B.

Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie

2005

T. 5, z. 1

117-132

Celem tego artykułu jest przedstawienie wyników badań dotyczących zróżnicowania temperatury powietrza w okresie 4 IV 2001-18 X 2001, przeprowadzonych za pomocą mikrotermografów na siedmiu stanowiskach pomiarowych, położonych na obszarze Gór Bystrzyckich. Z badań tych wynika, że czynnikami wpływającymi na zróżnicowanie termiczne omawianego obszaru są: wysokość bezwzględna, rodzaj formy terenu oraz pokrywa roślinna i glebowa. W czasie pogody cyklonalnej największe znaczenie ma wysokość bezwzględna - najniższe wartości temperatury odnotowano na stanowiskach położonych najwyżej. W czasie pogody antycyklonalnej czynnikiem dominującym jest rodzaj formy terenu, co skutkuje znacznymi spadkami temperatury w nocy, nierzadko również występowaniem przymrozków w obrębie dolin. Fakt, że na znacznym obszarze badanego terenu przymrozki odnotowywane były nawet w czerwcu i sierpniu, ma duże znaczenie dla gospodarki leśnej tego regionu. Wyniki badań przeprowadzonych w czasie okresu wegetacyjnego mogą być ważnym źródłem informacji w przypadku planowania upraw leśnych.

This article shows spatial and temporal variability of temperature during the period 4 IV 2001-18 X 2001. Analyses took place in part of the Bystrzyckie Mountains where seven sites were located in order to measure air temperature with the use of microthermographs. Results show that the most important factors which influenced thermal variability were: altitude, land form, vegetation and soil. Altitude was the most important factor during cyclonic weather when the lowest temperature was measured in the highest areas. In the case of anticyclonic weather, the head factor was terrain relief. As a result the lowest nocturnal temperature was observed in sites located at the bottom of concave landforms. Such cases are often accompanied by frost events. Frequent frosts that happen during the vegetative period exert significant influence on forest economy. Results of the study can be an important source of information on places vulnerable to frosts, therefore they can be a very useful tool in forestry planning.