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1
Content available remote Geneza zmiennych poziomów kumulacji ołowiu w historycznych nawarstwieniach Małego Rynku w Krakowie
Wardas M., Pawlikowski M., Biel A., Zaitz E., Zaitz M.
Czasopismo Techniczne. Budownictwo
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2009
|
R. 106, z. 2-B
355-368
PL
Przeprowadzono analizę przyczyn zmiennych poziomów kumulacji ołowiu w nawarstwieniach historycznych Małego Rynku w Krakowie, dokonaną na podstawie badań fizyko-chemicznych próbek gruntu pochodzących z dwóch profili a pozyskanych w trakcie badań archeologicznych w 2007 roku. Badania ujawniły dużą zmienność składu fazowego i różny poziom zanieczyszczenia gruntów metalami. Korelacja wyników badań archeologicznych i geologiczno-geochemicznych umożliwi identyfikację źródeł metali i tras ich przenikania. Prace będą kontynuowane, co umożliwi sformułowanie głębszych wniosków co do genezy zmiennych poziomów ołowiu w nawarstwieniach Małego Rynku.
EN
On the base of physic-chemical study of the ground samples, coming from two profiles of historical sequence layers, exposed within archaeological excavations conducted in 2007, the analysis of the reasons of Pb concentration variability, have been carried out. Analytical samples constitute grain fractions, obtained as a result of wet separation, on plastic sieves. Most of chemical investigations were carried out on fractions < 0,18 mm, while mineralogical ones on the fractions 0,5-1 mm. Additionally, inorganic anion concentrations, LOI, pH and SEC, have also been measured. For chosen samples, enriched in artefacts, scanning and X-ray investigations were conducted to identify anthropogenic phases. Correlation of the archaeological and geological-geochemical results of investigations, enabled the identification of metal sources and the routes of their migration. The study will be continued.
2
Content available remote Nawarstwienia na średniowiecznych osadach z terenu Krakowa
Zaitz E., Zaitz M.
Auxiliary Sciences in Archaeology, Preservation of Relics and Environmental Engineering
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2008
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nr 6 wyd. spec.
film3
3
Content available remote Rozpoznanie historycznych nawarstwień i podziemnej infrastruktury Krakowa, Kazimierza i ich przedmieść
Wardas M., Zaitz E., Pawlikowski M.
Roczniki Geomatyki
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2007
|
T. 5, z. 8
235-247
EN
The paper presents a cross-section of archaeological and geochemical issues of underground Cracow, extending the knowledge of the Cracow cultural heritage. The data were acquired, among others, within the framework of the recently completed project: .Research and assessment of the composition of bottom sediments from sewerage systems, as a factor of environmental pollution and functioning of municipal sewerage-system of the Cracow City Agglomeration.. At present, further study within the area of functioning levels is assured by financial recommendation for the project titled: .Identification of historic layers and underground infrastructure of Cracow and Kazimierz Cities and their suburbs. in reference to the renovation of relics of the past, and to the 750 anniversary of Cracow City foundation. Investigations, within the area of Old Town, are mainly conducted during building renovations and modernisation of sewerage-system installations. The identification of historical layers and underground infrastructure is based on historical and archaeological characteristics of sampling area as well as materials, organic and inorganic relics deposited at various archaeological layers, culture objects excavated in the area of Okół settlement, in the Old Town Cracow founded in 1257, and Kazimierz. On specially important sites, respecting the origin of sequential layers, a dozen or so research drillings (of core- and small diameter) are planned, to the maximal depth of 6 m below surface level. Those drillings, together with available expositions and drillings to the Tertiary layers, will enable the elaboration of engineering-geology cross-sections, and consequently, to get characteristics of grounds underlying the area under investigation. The geomorphological and paleogeomorphological analyses of the studied area are based on field observations conducted both on the surface and in the building and archaeological excavations as well as on the studies of drilling and geophysical profiles. This research covers structural and textural investigations of sediments in excavations, absolute age determination of detritus and organic sediments, and palinological study of organic sediments coming from fragments of fill soil/made ground. On the basis of the results, maps, geomorphological profiles and geological cross-sections are to be made. Physical-chemical properties, grain-size and chemical composition of sediments/soils/grounds are determined to evaluate their geochemical changes, speciation of occurring admixtures and contaminants and to analyze organic matter and consequently, to assess their threat to the surface water of Old Town Cracow. The phase and mineral composition analysis of the grounds comprises fragments of construction elements of buildings within underground infrastructure and is conducted with the aim to estimate the extent, intensity and reasons of corrosion and damages of foundations. For the sampling sites and their nearest surrounding, the conditions of functioning of water-sewerage systems will be defined by subordination of a certain locality to appropriate, so called, sewage critical basin,. Additionally, some forecasts of possible flood events concerning cellars or buildings as well as conditions to be fulfilled to prevent or to limit the damages will be presented. The functioning of block sewers in the past will be assessed, with determination of their course, and identification of ground water supply to the sewers and sewerage system elements as well as infiltration of untreated sludge to the ground. Also, evaluation of technical conditions of sewers, and e ground conditions of the sinkbasin of those sewers will be done, taking onto account the adjustment of sewer installation technology to the water-ground conditions occurring in the area of building investments or connected with city renovation. The above mentioned data, supplemented with investigation and evaluation of the leaching process of various constituents from both natural and fill soils/made grounds, will enable the authors to analyze the possibility of ground-water pollution by contaminated anthropogenic layers, and to assess tendency to the further changes of chemical composition of underground-waters within Old Town Cracow. The aggressive character of underground-waters should be treated as a factor effecting damages of building.
4
Content available Nawarstwienia na średniowiecznych osadach z terenu Krakowa
Zaitz E., Zaitz M.
Auxiliary Sciences in Archaeology, Preservation of Relics and Environmental Engineering
|
2007
|
T. 3 spec. ed.
1-5
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