We demonstrate photoionization spectroscopy in cold rubidium atoms trapped in a working magneto-optical trap. Three-photon ionization with two-photon resonance proceeds along various channels, with the step-by-step 5S–5P–5D transition and with the two-photon excitation of the 5D or 7S state. The processes are monitored by measuring ion signals which allow sensitive spectroscopy of weak transitions in a cold-atom sample.
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We describe diagnostic techniques used for optimization of loading of an optical dipole trap with CO2 laser and 87Rb atoms. Atoms, precooled in a magneto-optical trap, were loaded into the trap formed by a weakly focused CO2 laser beam with the waist of about 150 žm and power of 50 W. In addition to determining the atom number and temperature, the effect of the loading geometry on the time evolution of trapped atoms is discussed. It is shown that a direct study of this evolution can be used for determining the trap frequencies.
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