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Investigating the impact of space weather on agriculture products over Chokie mountain basin in Ethiopia

Birhan Megbar W., Tariku Shimelis

Acta Geophysica

2021

Vol. 69, no. 4

1481--1491

Sun is the primary source of energy in space. It generates a magnetic feld which released in solar fares or coronal mass ejections for 11-year solar cycle that causes the occurrence of space weather. Diferent researchers in diferent parts of the world indicated that space weather highly afects agriculture production. However, in Ethiopia context especially Chokie mountain basin the infuence of space weather on agriculture was not documented. Hence, this paper was aimed at investigating the impact of space weather on agriculture products over Chokie mountain basin. Assessment of space weather impacts on agriculture product is quite useful to balance energy and food security over developing countries like Ethiopia. Space weather (sunspot number), precipitation, temperature, and agriculture data were used for this study. Descriptive quantitative design method was applied on the data of agriculture products and climate variables. Furthermore, regression models with the help of MATLAB software were applied for data analysis. The relation between crop yield (tef, wheat, and maize) with sunspot number, temperature, and precipitation were analyzed in each agro-ecological zones using 31 years (1990–2019) data over Chokie mountain basin. The results showed that correlation coefcients between sunspot number with annual average value of temperature, precipitation, maize, tef, and wheat were found 0.11,−0.32,−0.47,−0.52, and−0.59, respectively. Sunspot had highly negatively correlated with annual spatial average value of tef and wheat. Generally, the occurrence of space weather (sunspot) leads to reduction of wheat and tef over the study area. Hence, shifting cultivation strategy is needed for local community during the occurrence of 11-year solar cycles frequency.