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PL
Jednym z najważniejszych aspektów w trakcie procesu projektowania terminalu pasażerskiego jest odpowiednie dobranie wielkości poszczególnych stref obsługi pasażera tak, aby jak najefektywniej je wykorzystać, przy jednoczesnym zapewnieniu odpowiedniego poziomu usług. Oznacza to poszukiwanie i odnalezienie złotego środka pomiędzy wielkością kosztów a poziomem oferowanych usług.
EN
One of the crucial aspects of designing terminals is to coordinate the size of the particular areas of passenger service so that they can both be used most effectively and provide best service. This means searching for a happy medium between the costs and the standard of service.
PL
Celem badań było stworzenie na materiale polimerowym używanym do konstrukcji sztucznych implantów sercowo-naczyniowych powłoki zapo-biegającej powstawaniu na jego powierzchni skrzepów krwi. Osiągnięto go przez nowatorskie zastosowanie fosfatydylocholiny substancji naturalnie występującej w ludzkim organizmie i będącej głównym składnikiem błon komórkowych. Otrzymana powłoka ma dobre właściwości przeciwzakrzepowe, dzięki czemu może znaleźć zastosowanie w konstrukcji implantów.
EN
The aim of this work was to create a clot-resisting coating on a surface of polymer used in the construction of artificial cardiovascular implants. This was achieved by an innovative use of phosphatidylcholine - a substance which naturally occurs in human body and forms a main component of cell membranes. The fabricated coating was proved to possess good antithrom- bogenic properties and thus can be possibly used in construction of cardiovascular implants.
EN
A method of manufacturing hydrogel coatings designed to increase the hydrophilicity of polyurethanes (PU) is presented. Coatings were obtained from polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) by free radicalpolymerisation. The authors proposed a mechanism of a two-step grafting – crosslinking process and investigated the influence of reagent concentration on the coating’s physical properties hydrogel ratio (HG) and equilibrium swelling ratio (ESR). A surface analysis of freeze-dried coatings using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed a highly porous structure. The presented technology can be used to produce biocompatible surfaces with limited protein and cell adhesive properties and can be applied in fabrication of number of biomedical devices, e.g. catheters, vascular grafts and heart prosthesis.
5
Content available Hydrogel coatings for artificial heart implants
EN
Polyurethanes (PU) are nowadays one of the most widely used types of polymers for biomedical applications. The segmented nature of these materials enables to obtain both flexibility and mechanical strength within the same material. However, there is a need to modify a surface of PU in order to produce highly hemocompatible materials that can be used in fabrication of permanent blood-contacting devices such as vascular implants, valves or hearts. Among many types of modifications, hydrogel coating appears to be very promising. Such modification increases the hydrophilicity of PU which in turn causes an increase in the bio- and hemocompatibility of the material. The aim of presented study was to create a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) hydrogel coating onto a surface of polyurethane. A possibility of using a free radical polymerization reaction was investigated. The obtained materials were analyzed in terms of durability, swelling ratio and contact angle. The FTIR-ATR analysis confirmed that polyurethane surfaces have been successfully coated with PVP.
EN
The phenomenon of blood coagulation on the surfaces of implantable devices such as artifi cial blood vessels, valves or hearts is the major problem that has to be taken into consideration during the construction of such devices. Since the main factor that has an infl uence on clotting of blood is the surface of the material the device is made of, numerous attempts has already been undertaken to modify surfaces of existing materials in order to provide necessary protection against clot formation, very often by coating the materials with bio-active substances. The aim of presented study was to create a coating of phosphatidylcholine that would mimic natural cell outer membrane on the surface of polyurethane — a material already in use in construction of cardiovascular implants. The obtained coated materials have been evaluated with the use of FT-IR/ATR spectroscopy. The change in contact angle of modifi ed material was also investigated. Finally in vitro cytotoxicity tests were performed in order to examine biocompatibility of obtained material.
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