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Decomposition Processes in Coastal Wetlands : The Importance of Suaeda salsa Community for Soil Cellulose Decomposition

Ping Y., Cui L., Pan X., Li W., Li Y., Kang X., Song T., He P.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2018

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Vol. 66, nr 3

217--226

EN

Coastal wetlands are ecologically important all over the world, and they are relatively unstable with dramatic changes in aboveground vegetation. However, it is still unclear how the aboveground vegetation changes will influence the functioning of coastal wetland ecosystems, especially the decomposition processes. Here, we carried out a cotton strip experiment to examine the effects of Suaeda salsa community on the soil properties and the associated cellulose decomposition rates in the coastal wetlands of Liao River delta (NE China). Our results showed that S. salsa community significantly affected the contents of soil C, N, P, base cations, organic matter and the soil electrical conductivity (EC), and such effects might vary among different types or densities of aboveground vegetation. The soil cellulose decomposition rate (in terms of cotton strip tensile strength loss, CTSL) was slowed down when aboveground S. salsa communities are experiencing degradation or have been totally replaced by Phragmites australis communities. Moreover, there were positive partial correlations between soil N and CTSL, and between soil EC and CTSL, but a negative partial correlation between soil C and CTSL. Our results emphasized the importance of S. salsa community in determining the soil cellulose decomposition rate in this coastal region. The results suggest that vegetation degradation in coastal wetlands might lead to various changes in soil properties and hence affect other aspects of ecosystem functioning and services, especially nutrient cycling.

2

New insights into reliability problems for supply chains management based on conventional reliability model

Jia X., Cui L., Xing L.

Eksploatacja i Niezawodność

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2018

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Vol. 20, no. 3

465--470

EN

The paper aims to find the relationship between conventional reliability and supply chain reliability, and introduce and adapt conventional reliability models to the field of supply chains, expanding the horizon of solving supply chain reliability problems. Based on a comprehensive literature review, the paper summarizes definitions of reliability in supply chain systems and presents reliability system structures and reliability indexes for supply chains. Relationship and differences between conventional reliability and supply chain reliability are shown. Illustrative examples such as the supply chain reliability problem in China are provided to show how to convert a supply chain reliability problem into a conventional reliability problem and then solve it using reliability techniques in conventional reliability.

PL

Celem artykułu jest znalezienie związku między niezawodnością w ujęciu tradycyjnym a niezawodnością łańcuchów dostaw, a także wprowadzenie i dostosowanie tradycyjnych modeli niezawodności do badań nad łańcuchami dostaw, co pozwoli na rozszerzenie możliwości rozwiązywania problemów dotyczących niezawodności tych ostatnich. W oparciu o obszerny przegląd literatury, w artykule przedstawiono pokrótce definicje niezawodności w systemach łańcucha dostaw oraz omówiono struktury systemów niezawodnościowych i wskaźniki niezawodności dla łańcuchów dostaw. Pokazano zależności i różnice między niezawodnością w rozumieniu tradycyjnym a niezawodnością łańcucha dostaw. Przedstawiono przykład problemu niezawodności łańcucha dostaw zaczerpnięty z realiów chińskich, ilustrujący jak można przekształcić problem niezawodności łańcucha dostaw w tradycyjny problem niezawodnościowy, a następnie rozwiązać go za pomocą technik niezawodnościowych stosowanych w tradycyjnej analizie niezawodności.

3

Disparity servoing based fast autofocusing method for stereomicroscope

Liu Y., Yu M., Cui L., Jiang G., Wang G., Fan S.

Optica Applicata

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2016

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Vol. 46, nr 4

651--663

EN

A disparity servoing based fast autofocusing method is proposed for stereomicroscopes according to linear relationship between the disparity change in stereomicroscopic images and the move distance of a motorized translation stage. For a certain stereomicroscope, the calibration of a disparity range of clear images at each magnification is implemented offline. After that, the disparity of the stereomicroscopic image is used as an index to represent the sharpness of an arbitrary image. If the disparity does not satisfy the requirement, move steps and direction of a step motor are calculated by utilizing the linear relationship between the disparity change and the move distance of the stage. The iteration will be continued until the disparity of the captured stereomicroscopic image approximates to the clearest disparity. The experimental results show that the proposed method only requires a few iterations and less time to reach the focus position, and the disparity error is less than 0.5 pixel.

4

A super depth of field height measurement based on local disparity

Cui L., Liu Y., Yu M., Jiang G., Fan S., Wang Y.

Optica Applicata

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2015

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Vol. 45, nr 2

205--214

EN

A super depth of field height measurement method is proposed to measure the object height with the optical stereoscopic microscope. The quasi-Euclidean epipolar rectification algorithm is utilized on the original stereoimage to obtain rectified stereoimages and calibrate two camera parameters. Then, feature points are obtained by the SURF (speed up robust feature) algorithm and their corresponding disparities are calculated. The disparity-depth of field curve is fitted by combining the step height values of a stepper motor. Moreover, through local disparity value got from feature points on the object, the relative shift height is calculated through regression analysis. Finally, according to binocular vision geometry, the thickness of the object can be calculated. Experimental results show that the measurement error in Z direction is from 1.51% to 7.71%, which indicates that the proposed method is able to measure the height of a microobject beyond depth of field within a tolerant error.

5

Enzymatic Polishing and Reactive Dyeing of Cotton Fabric in One Bath

Wang P., Hong Y., Ding Y., Cui L., Yuan J., Wang Q., Fan X.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2015

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Vol. 23, no. 1 (109)

109--113

EN

Cellulase has the ability to remove fuzz-fibres from cellulosic textiles, which endows fabric with a glabrous appearance and soft handle. In this paper, the combined uses of bio-polishing and reactive dyeing in one bath were carried out, aiming at shortening the treatment time and reducing the overall consumption of water and energy as well. The properties of cotton fabrics before and after the combined treatments were investigated, including the colour strength, colour fastnesses and tearing strength. The results indicated that the colour fixing agent of soda had noticeable inhibiting effects on cellulase activity. Meanwhile reactive dyes might react with cellulase proteins under alkaline conditions, resulting in decelerating influences on the dye-fibre covalent reactions. The acceptable one-bath process consisted of bio-polishing and dyeing of cotton in neutral solution, followed by dye fixation under alkaline conditions. Compared to polishing and dyeing in two baths, the one-bath method endowed fabric with a bit lower colour strength.

PL

Celulaza ma zdolność do usuwania włosków zmechacenia z tekstyliów celulozowych, co pozwala na osiągnięcie gładkiej powierzchni o delikatnym chwycie. W pracy badano sumaryczny efekt biopolerowania i reaktywnego barwienia przeprowadzanych w jednej kąpieli. Metoda ta ma na celu skrócenie czasu obróbki i zredukowanie ogólnego zapotrzebowania na wodę i energię. Badano właściwości tkanin bawełnianych przed i po obróbce. Między innymi badano nasycenie kolorem, trwałość koloru i wytrzymałość na rozrywanie. Wyniki wskazują, że soda jako środek utrwalający kolor ma zauważalny wpływ na hamowanie działania celulazy. Porównując metodę równoczesnego polerowania i barwienia z metodą, gdzie obydwie obróbki stosowane są indywidualnie stwierdzono, że w metodzie równoczesnej obróbki uzyskuje się nieco niższe nasycenie koloru.