Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

A new quartz for y-transfer calibration of radiation sources

Richter D., Woda C., Dornich K.

Geochronometria

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2020

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Vol. 47, no.1

23--34

EN

Quartz grains extracted from aeolian sand (LexCal2014) are tested for suitability as transfer material for radiation source calibration. After thermal pre-treatment, this quartz exhibits luminescence and dose-response properties which appear appropriate for transfer calibration purposes with little dependence of recovered β-dose on preheat temperature in the single aliquot (SAR) procedure and satisfying performance in β-dose recovery (0.98−1.00 given/measured β-dose for various experiments). Additional support is obtained by SARA and interpolation procedures, where OSL-data from γ-dosed LexCal2014 is interpolated on data obtained for zeroed LexCal2014 quartz, which is β-irradiated by the source to be calibrated. Initial results on fine-grain material agree with the coarse grain results presented. The γ-dose of 3.00 ± 0.07 Gy is administered in a scatter-free geometry at the IAEA/WHO Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory (SSDL) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München, with absorbed dose calculations obtained by Monte Carlo simulations.

2

Analysis of the combustion process of coal slurry pellets in a circulating fluidized bed

Richter D., Kijo-Kleczkowska A., Kosowska-Golachowska M., Wolski K.

Rynek Energii

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2017

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Nr 4

91--96

EN

The paper presents the results of experimental studies constituting a comparative analysis of the combustion of coal slurry, brown coal, hard coal and biomass in the form of pellets. The study was conducted using a test stand with a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) with a capacity of 12 kW. The analysis included, among other parameters, the total combustion time, the maximum temperature on the surface of the fuel, the ignition time, the time of volatiles combustion and the time of the burning of char. The general conclusion based on experimental studies is that coal slurry pellets, due to its characteristics and behaviour during the combustion process in a circulating fluidized bed, can be a valuable energy source.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań eksperymentalnych dotyczących analizy porównawczej spalania peletów z mułu węglowego, węgla brunatnego, węgla kamiennego oraz biomasy. Badania prowadzono na stanowisku badawczym z cyrkulacyjną warstwą fluidalną Analiza dotyczyła całkowitego czasu spalania, maksymalnej temperatury na powierzchni paliwa, czasu zapłonu i spalania części lotnych oraz czasu spalania karbonizatu. Stwierdzono, iż pelety z mułów węglowych mogą być wartościowym źródłem energii dla kotłów z cyrkulacyjną warstwą fluidalną.

3

Analiza procesu technologicznego w zakładzie oczyszczania ścieków i przygotowania osadów

Richter D., Fokczyńska E., Ogłaza P., Kijo-Kleczkowska A., Środa K.

Archiwum Gospodarki Odpadami i Ochrony Środowiska

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2016

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Vol. 18, nr 3

35--50

EN

The paper presents an analysis of the technological process of wastewater treatment and the process of preparation of sludge in a wastewater treatment plan t in Koszęcin. Firstly we presented the location of the plant, described its characteristics and discussed the environmental conditions of the functioning of the plant. Then we investigated parameters of the process and technology in the considered plant, the stages of wastewater tratment and dewatering of excess sludge. Also we presented laboratory tests of wastewater and sludge.

PL

W pracy zaprezentowano analizę procesu technologicznego oczyszczania ścieków oraz przygotowania osadów w oczyszczalni ścieków w Koszęcinie. Na wstępie zaprezentowano lokalizację zakładu, dokonano jego charakterystyki oraz omówiono warunki środowiskowe funkcjonowania wspomnianej oczyszczalni. Rozpatrzono parametry procesowo-technologiczne w rozpatrywanym zakładzie etapy oczyszczania ścieków i odwadnianie osadu nadmiernego. Przedstawiono również badania laboratoryjne ścieków i osadów.

4

Palaeodose Underestimation Of Heated Quartz In Red-TL Dating Of Volcanic Contexts

Richter D., Klinger P., Zöller L.

Geochronometria

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2015

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Vol. 42, no.1

182--188

EN

Thermoluminescence (TL) dating is a valuable tool for chronometric dating of heated minerals and has been shown to agree very well with independent age control. Comparison with argon dating of samples from identical events, however, revealed age underestimations of volcanic eruptions dated by orange-red TL (R-TL) of quartz extracts from some xenolith samples, while good agreement was obtained for others. The underestimation is attributed to an apparent signal loss (“anomalous fading”) which was experimentally observed for some, but not all samples investigated. The presence of significant amounts of feldspar or tridymite, which could be related to the observations, is excluded by IRSL (Infrared Stimulated Luminescence) and XRD analysis. While the data is not entirely conclusive, it leads to the current working hypothesis that exposure to high temperatures might be responsible for an effect similar to the anomalous fading phenomena observed for some feldspar luminescence. It therefore appears to be prudent not to sample xenoliths from high temperature context, like basalt dykes in volcanic context.

5

Lexsyg smart — a luminescence detection system for dosimetry, material research and dating application

Richter D., Richter A., Dornich K.

Geochronometria

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2015

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Vol. 42, no.1

202--209

EN

Following the luminescence system lexsyg research, which was designed for research, the luminescence reader lexsyg smart for the application of luminescence detection was developed by Freiberg Instruments. It is suited for routine measurements of luminescence (thermoluminescence, photoluminescence, photon-stimulated, optically stimulated and infrared stimulated luminescence) for a wide range of materials because of the availability of several stimulation sources. The possibility for user definition and change of most parameters provides a great deal of flexibility and also allows research applications. While detection is limited to a single unit and sample storage to 40 positions, the lexsyg smart is much faster in aliquot transportation compared to the lexsyg research, and allows fast mass measurements in luminescence dating, retrospective and personal dosimetry, etc. Cross talk of optical stimulation is absent and cross-irradiation is negligible from the single radioactive source (α, β or x-ray) because of a disconnected sample storage wheel from the measurement chamber, which has a small volume and therefore gas consumption is small. Thermoluminescence measurements and pre-heatings are possible with a versatile heater, which can be programmed for linear/non-linear heating at varying rates and durations for an almost unlimited number of steps. Optical excitation for up to three wavelength bands (violet, blue, green, yellow, infrared) is provided from high power LEDs or laser diodes, with an optional filter wheel to vary detection wavelength bands according the material specific requirements. Either can be programmed to change at almost any time within measurement sequences.

6

Analiza TG/DSC osadów ściekowych na tle węgla kamiennego oraz wierzby energetycznej

Kijo-Kleczkowska A. E., Szumera M., Środa K., Richter D.

Archiwum Gospodarki Odpadami i Ochrony Środowiska

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2015

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Vol. 17, nr 4

39--50

EN

The paper takes the issue of thermal utilization of sewage sludge as a priority methods of disposal operations for coal and biomass. It should be emphasized that, for example, in Poland in the years 1999-2013, the amount of sludge from municipal sewage treatment plants, rose almost one and a half. Given the nature of the problem of increasing production and sludge properties and methods of disposal, including the impact on the environment and legislation, we are currently increasing interest in the mentioned area, visible both in the national literature and world. Given that it is currently working in Poland as many as 11 plants using sewage sludge as a fuel is to anticipate the further development of these technologies in our country, taking into account the benefits of co-firing with other fuels. Similar calorific value of dried sludge to lignite, justifies the possibility to use the waste as energy fuel. This paper presents the results of measurements of TG/DSC constituting a comparative analysis of the combustion of sewage sludge and coal and biomass. They enabled a comparative analysis of thermal effects accompanying the process of combustion of a different composition and properties.

PL

Praca podejmuje problematykę termicznej utylizacji osadów ściekowych, jako priorytetowej metody ich unieszkodliwiania, w odniesieniu do węgla i biomasy. Należy podkreślić, iż przykładowo w Polsce na przestrzeni lat 1999-2013, ilość osadów ściekowych pochodzących z oczyszczalni komunalnych, wzrosła prawie półtorakrotnie. Biorąc pod uwagę istotę problemu narastającej produkcji, a także własności osadów ściekowych i metod ich unieszkodliwiania, z uwzględnieniem oddziaływania na środowisko oraz uregulowań prawnych, obserwuje się obecnie coraz większe zainteresowanie wspomnianą tematyką, widoczne zarówno w literaturze krajowej, jak i światowej. Zważywszy, iż obecnie pracuje w Polsce aż 11 instalacji wykorzystujących osady ściekowe jako paliwo energetyczne, należy przewidywać dalszy rozwój tych technologii w naszym kraju, biorąc jednocześnie pod uwagę korzyści ich współspalania z innymi paliwami. Zbliżona wartość opałowa wysuszonych osadów ściekowych do węgla brunatnego, uzasadnia możliwość wykorzystania tych odpadów jako paliwa energetycznego. W pracy zaprezentowano wyniki pomiarów TG/DSC stanowiące analizę porównawczą spalania osadów ściekowych oraz węgla i biomasy. Umożliwiły one analizę porównawczą wartości efektów cieplnych towarzyszących procesowi spalania paliw o odmiennym składzie i właściwościach.

7

OSL and TL characteristics of fine grain quartz from Mongolian prehistoric pottery used for dating

Solongo S., Richter D., Begzjav T., Hublin J.-J.

Geochronometria

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2014

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Vol. 41, no. 1

15--23

EN

The OSL, post-IR OSL and pulsed post-IR OSL applied to polymineral grains and calcu-lated by fitting to the data the contributions from fast, medium and slow components revealed that the polymineral samples under study are dominated by the medium component. An increase in De’s with increasing integration intervals was observed, which is considered as an indication of increasing me-dium and decayed fast component; and the equivalent doses obtained using different components or minerals reflect also the shape of the dose distributions. The identified fast component in polymineral sample has photoionization cross section of 1.2±0.02 × 10-17 cm2. The present study shows the use-fulness of the application of different luminescence techniques combined with fitting procedures as a check which should be adopted in dating protocols. Based on luminescence ages obtained on poly-mineral grains from prehistoric pottery samples from the Boroo settlement, Mongolia, which are in agreement with independent age control by 14C on charcoal material, it is argued that the manufactur-ing of Xiongnu – pottery at this site lasted until ca. 130±75 AD.

8

Analysis of changes in cyanobacterial and algal flora of selected water reservoirs in Wrocław between 1878 and 2010 (south-west Poland)

Richter D.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2013

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Vol. 42, No. 4

379--397

EN

The paper includes the results of research carried out between 2006-2010 in the city of Wrocław (Poland). The water reservoirs selected for the analysis had previously described phycoflora and these studies were excellent comparative material for the today’s condition of their algoflora. The aim of this research was to conduct detailed studies of the current taxonomic composition of phycoflora in the chosen water reservoirs and to trace the changes which have taken place over time. The research determined the degree of similarity between the different communities in terms of the occurrence of common species and also the changes in their quantity. The study revealed 535 species of cyanobacteria and algae belonging to five phylas. The comparison of the composition of phycoflora from the studied ecosystems from previous years with the current results provided a model study showing the direction and pace of changes in the composition of the flora of cyanobacteria and algae in a given time. The species composition of cyanobacteria and algae in each year is adequate to the trophy of the studied water bodies. The processes in transforming communities of cyanobacteria and algae have led to the stabilization of the current status of the reservoirs as eutrophic.

9

Anabaena poulseniana J. Boye Petersen : a species new to Polish flora

Richter D.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2013

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Vol. 42, No. 3

243--250

EN

Anabaena poulseniana J. Boye Petersen Bot. Iceland 2, 1923 (Cyanobacteria), a cyanobacteria species new to Polish flora, was noted during a study of phytoplankton in one of Wrocław’s clay pits. The species was noted in plankton samples among Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Wołoszyńska) Seenayya et Subba Raju (Cyanobacteria) and Mougeotia sp. (Chlorophyta) filaments. The green algae created a bloom characterized by vegetation mats floating on the water. The paper presents detailed characteristics for Anabaena poulseniana, and for the habitat and the ecological condition in the examined water reservoir during its presence. The paper also presents a comparison of morphological characteristics of A. poulseniana from Poland to the species from other geographical locations. The research will provide data on the morphology and ecology of the species. The species found during the study were documented in the form of original photos and illustrations.

10

Lexsyg – a new system for luminescence research

Richter D., Richter A., Dornich K.

Geochronometria

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2013

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Vol. 40, no. 4

220--228

EN

The newly developed lexsyg system by Freiberg Instruments is a versatile luminescence reader, suited for research on the luminescence of materials, fundamental research in luminescence dating, but also for routine mass measurements in retrospective dosimetry as well as in dating application. The 80 sample storage wheel is disconnected from the measurement chamber and therefore crosstalk of optical stimulation is absent and cross-irradiation is negligible from the α- and β-sources, which are providing very uniform irradiations, with the latter especially designed for radiofluorescence (RF) measurement. Optical excitation sources and filter wheels to vary detection wavelengths can be programmed to change at almost any time within measurement sequences, including the auto-mated change of an optional wheel holding up to four different detectors. Thermoluminescence measurements and preheating are possible with a versatile heater, which can be programmed for linear or non-linear heating or cooling, as well as holding a temperature constant. Rates as well as durations can be varied, together with individual ramping, staging and cooling for an almost unlimited number of steps. Violet- and IR-lasers, green and blue LED-arrays can be operated in continuous (CW) or modulated mode (linear/non-linear), and optionally for pulsed as well as time resolved luminescence detection. Six arrays of power LEDs allow the simulation of different bleaching regimes (‘solar simulator’), while luminescence detection can be achieved by a variety of photomultiplier tubes and by CCD cameras for spatially resolved measurements and luminescence spectra.

11

Response of cyanobacteria and algae community from small water bodies to physicochemical parameters

Richter D., Matuła J.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2012

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Vol. 41, No. 2

18-28

EN

The article presents the research into the taxonomic diversity of cyanobacteria and algae, as well as the relationships between these organisms and the habitat conditions of certain water ecosystems varying in origin and location (both rural and urban reservoirs in the Lower Silesia region - Poland). Another issue addressed in the paper is the influence of ecological conditions and the origins of the reservoirs on the structure of phytoplankton. The RDA enabled to identify the most important biological parameters (the biodiversity of cyanobacteria and algae described using the Shannon-Weaver Index) and the physicochemical properties of the studied basins. The results distinguished four groups of basins (I – artificial basins within urban areas; II – old river-beds within urban areas; III – ponds in rural areas; IV – an old river-bed in forest areas). This distinction shows major relevance of the reservoirs' origins and their presence in the landscape. Additional PCA and RDA analyses of the studied basins have shown that the biological parameters are more efficient in diversifying the basins in respect of their origins than the physicochemical parameters.

12

Phase equilibrium behaviour of volatile organic compounds in complex hydrocarbon mixtures

Richter D.

Chemical and Process Engineering

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2007

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Vol. 28, z. 1

115-126

PL

Przedstawiono analizę równowagi międzyfazowej płynnych, organicznych, jak i nadkrytycznych składników oleju kreozotowego, rozpuszczalnika podczas procesu oczyszczania gazu koksowniczego. Z powodu braku danych eksperymentalnych i ze względu na kompleksowość badanej cieczy płuczkowej porównano wyniki rożnych modeli gE i równań stanu w celu sprawdzenia dokładności użytych metod.

EN

The phase equilibrium behaviour of volatile organic as well as overcritical components in coal tar oil as solvent during the coke oven gas purification process is analysed. Caused by the lack of experimental data in the literature and the complexity of the washing fluid, the results are compared to various predictive gE models and equations of state in order to proof the accuracy of these approaches.