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Effect of skiing and slope gradient on topsoil properties in an alpine environment

Hedl R., Houska J., Banas M., Zeidler M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2012

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Vol. 60, nr 3

491-501

EN

Topsoil properties were studied in a ski slope at Petrovy kameny, Hruby Jesenik Mts. Effect of skiing was combined with a complex slope gradient, which comprised effects of vegetation type and soil horizons. Soil sorption complex and humification properties were expected to reflect both factors. Cation exchange capacity and to some degree saturation of adsorption complex were systematically lowered due to ski slope, and they were influenced also by vegetation type. C:N reflected vegetation type, but it reflected skiing only indirectly. The slope gradient significantly affected the soil sorption complex, yet contrary to our expectations. Several possible interpretations include species traits (litter decomposability, nutrient uptake) and patterns of topsoil horizon types, which can be associated to the history of the upper treeline.

2

Carbohydrate reserve changes in below-ground biomass of subalpine grasslands as a result of different snow conditions (Hruby Jesenik Mts., Czech Republic)

Zeidler M., Banas M., Duchoslav M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2008

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Vol. 56, nr 1

75-83

EN

Carbohydrate concentration changes in below-ground biomass of subalpine tall grasslands with Calamagrostis villosa (Chaix) J.F. Gmelin were monitored during one year on the slope of Petrovy kameny Mt. (Hruby Jesenik Mts., Czech Republic). Stands of the community with natural snow conditions were compared with stands on a ski piste. Soil temperature development and snow melting times were also observed in the territory concerned. The difference was stated between mean annual temperature on control stands (4.21 [degree] C) and ski piste (3.95 [degree] C) in the upper 5 cm of soil. At the average, snow melted on the ski piste two weeks later than that on the natural stands. The natural stands and the stands on the ski piste differ significantly from each other in terms of development of carbohydrate accumulation in the below-ground biomass. Consumption of reserve carbohydrates by the plants at both the ski piste and in the natural stands was nearly similar during the winter. At the beginning of the growing season (July), significant difference in carbohydrate concentration in below-ground organs between stands on the ski piste and natural stands was observed. It was caused by late melting of the snow cover and subsequent delay of the phenologic development and assimilation of the vegetation in the ski piste. Later in season (August, October), the differences in carbohydrate concentration between stands at the ski piste and natural stands disappeared. The mean annual amount of carbohydrates in the upper (0-5 cm) and lower (5-10 cm) soil horizons in natural stands and ski piste stands do not differ fundamentally, except for the significant difference in July. The results obtained are discussed in view of abiotic environmental conditions, the plant physiology and strategy of the dominant species.

3

Heavy metals in two herb species (River Morava, Czech Republic)

Zeidler M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2005

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Vol. 53, nr 2

185-195

EN

Litovelské Pomoraví Protected Landscape Area (Czech Republic) was chosen as the study area of heavy metal pollution (Zn, Ni, Cu, Pb, Cd). Assessment of heavy metal concentration in the soil was performed at eleven sites along the water stream in the alluvial plain (Morava river) and compared with concentration in selected plant tissues. Heavy metal concentration in two plant species (Urtica dioica L., Taraxacum sp.) and soils were detected by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The correlation between heavy-metal concentrations in plant tissues (roots, leaves, stems) and in soils was tested and the ability of plants for heavy-metals indication in the alluvial plain landscape ecosystem was observed. Differences in correlation and ability to accumulate heavy metals were found not only between species and heavy metals but also among various plant tissues. Taraxacum sp. As a whole closely followed concentration of Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd and seems to be much more suitable as bioindicator than Urtica dioica L. Nevertheless, there are plant parts of both species with better response to adequate metal. Some plant tissues of both species provide ambiguous results, which was discussed in terms of living forms, growth strategy and genotypic differences.

4

Genetic diversity test of re-established population of Allium angulosum L.

Zeidler M., Čurn V.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2003

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Vol. 51, nr 1

45-51

EN

The genetic diversity of re-established population of endangered species Allium angulosum L. was tested as a one part of rescue program. Founder individuals were picked in Chropyně - Zářiči area (North Moravia, Czech Republic) and new population was set in Protected Landscape Area Litovelské Pomoravi (North Moravia, Czech Republic). The task was whether the newly founded population was made by representative individuals to cover (include) the genetic variability of source (mother) population. Items were tested with variability assay of six isozyme systems (G-6-PDH, AAT, PGM, EST, ACP, PGI) using discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). The method stated relatively sufficient level of variability on condition that new population would be raised to prevent genetic changes. Application of more tests checking the genetic diversity within population could be uself during reintroduction and management of endangered plant species.