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Solar pyrolysis and gasification of the sewage sludge - produced fuel properties analysis

Werle Sebastian, Sobek Szymon, Kaczor Zuzanna

Proceedings of ECOpole

2020

Vol. 14, No. 1

39--46

Sewage sludge is considered as a biomass due to its biodegradability. Legal conditions in the European Union prohibit sewage sludge storage. Therefore, there is a need to develop thermal methods for sewage sludge treatment. The most common way to date has been combustion. However, this process has a lot of disadvantages associated primarily with environmental harmfulness and the immediate need to use the heat produced. Pyrolysis and gasification are considered the most promising methods of sludge management. They have many advantages over combustion. However, it is difficult to tell which method is more likely to be widely used. Therefore, the paper presents a critical comparison of the solar pyrolysis process and gasification in the fixed bed of municipal sewage sludge. The analysis of the process parameters and combustible properties of the gaseous fuels obtained was analysed.

Osady ściekowe są uważane za biomasę ze względu na swą biodegradowalność. Warunki prawne w Unii Europejskiej zabraniają składowania osadów ściekowych, dlatego istnieje potrzeba rozwoju termicznych metod wykorzystania osadów ściekowych. Dotychczas najczęstszym sposobem jest spalanie. Proces ten ma jednak wiele wad związanych przede wszystkim ze szkodliwością dla środowiska i natychmiastową potrzebą wykorzystania wytworzonego ciepła. Piroliza i zgazowanie są uważane za najbardziej obiecujące metody zagospodarowania osadów. Mają wiele zalet w porównaniu do spalania. Trudno jednak stwierdzić, która metoda będzie częściej stosowana, dlatego w artykule przedstawiono porównanie procesu pirolizy słonecznej i zgazowania w złożu nieruchomym komunalnego osadu ściekowego. Przeanalizowano wpływ parametrów procesu na właściwości palne otrzymanych gazów procesowych.

Comparative review of artificial light sources for solar-thermal biomass conversion research applications

Sobek Szymon, Werle Sebastian

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

2019

Vol. 26, nr 3

443-453

In recent years solar-thermal methods of waste biomass conversion are promptly gaining on attention. For researchers working in areas that suffer from lack of natural solar power, the choice of proper solar simulator for the study is crucial. Solar simulator consist of artificial light source enclosed in proper housing with optical and cooling system, powered by dedicated power supply. Solar simulators are not only granting independence from external conditions, yet provide possibility of research expand due to tuneable output power and emissive spectrum. Over the years, solar simulators were powered by different types of lamps. Throughout the history, the solar simulators were used mainly in photovoltaic and space research, crystal growth industry, and the material testing. For mentioned purposes, the total thermal output power of simulator was playing secondary role in comparison to urgent need of spectral match, irradiance distribution and beam uniformity with terrestrial or extra-terrestrial sunlight. For thermal applications, solar simulators are facing the challenge of providing high output power, described by high radiant heat flux and high heat flux density over the specified target area. In presented paper the comparison of xenon arc, metal halide lams and tungsten halogen for thermal applications has been presented with emphasis on available thermal power, spectral match with natural sunlight and operational issues. The course of decision taken during the selection of artificial light source for construction of laboratory-scale solar pyrolytic reactor is proposed.