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Głębienie i pogłębianie szybów w polskim górnictwie w latach 2000–2017

Wilczok B., Skrzydło A.

Bezpieczeństwo Pracy i Ochrona Środowiska w Górnictwie

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2018

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nr 5

11--17

PL

Artykuł przedstawia ilościowe zestawienie inwestycji w zakresie głębienia i pogłębiania szybów w Polsce w latach 2000–2017 w porównaniu do lat wcześniejszych oraz omawia rozwiązania techniczne, które zastosowano przy ich realizacji.

EN

After the war, until 1970, Polish coal mining underwent the largest number of shaft drilling (157) and dredging (36) investments. In 1970-1985, 55 shafts were drilled and 27 were dredged, and in 1985-2000: there were, respectively: 27 and 21 shafts. This proves that the demand for such investments has been gradually dwindling. Only one shaft was built between 2000 and 2017 (the Bzie shaft in the KWK “Borynia-Zofiówka-Jastrzębie” mine), and in 2017, the dredging of a second shaft was commenced (the Grzegorz shaft in ZG “Sobieski”). However, the demand for new mine strata to be explored with the use of old shafts is high, which is why 6 shafts were dredged in this period, and 4 are currently in the progress of dredging. In the same period, KGHM S.A. dredged 2 shafts, and shaft GG-1 is currently undergoing dredging and will ultimately be the deepest one (1340.7 m) in Poland. As shaft drilling and dredging companies have gained experience in shaft works, new technologies were implemented, such as the steel structures used in artificial shaft bottoms, including so-called portable locking plates, dredging with the use of a special method - the freeze-fracturing method applied at the depth of up to 655 m, or the use of layered casings in salt deposits, which protect the shaft pit against the effects of plastic salt mine sidewall deformations.

2

Wykonanie wlotu do szybu V KWK „Pniówek”

Skrzydło A., Głuch P., Filipowicz K.

Bezpieczeństwo Pracy i Ochrona Środowiska w Górnictwie

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2017

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nr 10

22--30

PL

W artykule przedstawiono rozwiązanie wykonania wlotu do szybu V na poziomie 930 w JSW SA KWK „Pniówek”, prowadzonego od strony poziomu przez jego zbicie z szybem. Omówiono zabezpieczenie wewnętrznej obudowy szybu oraz wykonanie obudowy przekopu przed wlotem i wlotu. W tym celu zastosowano: wyprzedzające wzmocnienie skał wokół szybu, etapowe prowadzenie prac w kierunku szybu ze zmniejszeniem przekroju wlotu w miejscu połączenia, zamkniętą obudowę podporową wzmocnioną kotwieniem i natryskiem betonowym. Prace zabezpieczające od strony szybu, ze względu na brak górniczego wyciągu szybowego prowadzono przez kopalniany, specjalistyczny, wysokościowy zespół ratowników z wykorzystaniem dwóch przewoźnych wyciągów ratowniczych CSRG w Bytomiu.

EN

The construction of the shaft mouth was designed from the side of the existing mining excavations in order to develop coal reserves at the level of 1000 in the “Pawłowice 1” deposit. It was assumed that ventilation for the 1000 level would be provided by existing KWK „Pniówek” ventilation shaft V. Led from the level side so that it could meet the shaft, the shaft mouth was designed at the level of 930 to connect the shaft with the 1000 level. The decision to drill the shaft mouth involved the performance of works in the shaft by high-altitude rescuers who made use of climbing equipment. The connection roadway along the arch section was supported with the arch support sets and lining using expansion bags. Another excavation - an access roadway - was made using closed arch support sets. Bar adhesive anchors at the length of 2.7 m were built around the perimeter between the sets in a mesh of 1x1 m; on the other hand, using two binding joists, the sets were reinforced with injection string anchors at the length of approx. 10 m. Once the cement wash injection that bound the sets with lining and rock was made, sprayed concrete was applied to the sets and the support bottom layer was concreted. The 10m section before the connection with the shaft was reinforced with steel and concrete anchored support, including rock reinforcement and injections around the shaft. The steel support sets and prominent anchors were covered with sprayed concrete. The reinforcement of rock using 10-12 m injection anchors drilled vertically was made in the shaft mouth before the connection with the shaft. The shaft brickwork around the shaft mouth outline was anchored using adhesive anchors for concrete at the length of at least 1.2 m, with a mesh and sprayed concrete. An additional protection of the roof hip was provided for the shaft mouth top. It involved the anchorage of a durable polyester mesh to the shaft mouth and shaft support. No damage to the support was found during periodic inspections, so it can be concluded that the support of the shaft mouth at the level of 930 and the support of access roadways were designed and constructed well.

3

Trudności przy głębieniu szybu VI KWK „Budryk” na odcinku uskoku chudeckiego

Skrzydło A., Oślizło K., Poloczek P.

Bezpieczeństwo Pracy i Ochrona Środowiska w Górnictwie

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2016

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nr 11

30--33

PL

Artykuł omawia rozwiązania techniczne zastosowane w czasie pogłębiania szybu VI w KWK „Budryk” – najgłębszego szybu w Polsce – w czasie przechodzenia osłabionego górotworu w strefie uskoku chudeckiego.

EN

Shaft VI – currently the deepest shaft in Poland – was sunk in JSW S.A. “Budryk” hard coal mine in Ornontowice. Shaft sinking was performed in two stages: in 1979–1985 to the depth of 1034.3 m and then in 2011–2015 to the target depth of 1320.0 m. During the deepening process, the contractor had to face technical problems – construction of shaft lining in the fault zone. At the depth of approx. 1175.5 – 1230.0 m, the shaft crossed the Chudecki fault zone, in which heavily cracked and crumbled rocks were encountered. In this zone, the shaft lining was designed and constructed as a compound (two-layer) lining made using reinforced concrete with the thickness of 0.70 m (inner layer) and using pre-fabricated elements – panels (outer layer) with a concrete outer shell with the minimum thickness of 10 cm – a compensation layer between the rock mass and the panels. The outer later, protecting the sidewall of the shaft working was constructed with reinforced concrete panels with the height of 60 cm, minimum thickness of 50 cm and outer length of 210 cm.

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Problemy organizacyjne i techniczne przy drążeniu najgłębszego szybu w Polsce

Skrzydło A., Łukawski S., Oślizło K.

Bezpieczeństwo Pracy i Ochrona Środowiska w Górnictwie

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2016

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nr 9

14--19

EN

Shaft VI at KWK Budryk (Budryk Hard Coal Mine) is the deepest mine shaft in Poland that opens the deepest on-site mining level, located at 1290 m below the terrain level. The shaft was sunk in two stages: down to 1034.3 m below the terrain level between 1979 and 1985, and continued to the target depth of 1320 m between 2011 and 2015. The second sinking stage involved continued operation of a shaft hoist, which remains in service to this day. The shaft hoist required installing a number of equipment, structural solutions and safety components (topside and in-shaft), as well as adapting the operating schedules of two shaft hoists: the sinking shaft hoist and the mine service shaft hoist, with the latter operated for the carriage of men, materials and output, and for inspections, repairs and overhauls. A major challenge for the contractor assigned to this project was to execute their work in a complete processing cycle, including blasting and concrete lining of the shaft. The sinking of this shaft and construction of the mining level at 1290 m enabled opening and mining beds of high-value coking coal without opening a sub-level completion.

PL

Artykuł dotyczy budowy najgłębszego szybu w Polsce i jednego z najgłębszych w Europie – szybu VI w JSW S.A. KWK „Budryk”. Przedstawiono w nim trudności organizacyjne i techniczne, które należało przezwyciężyć, aby sprawnie wykonać pogłębienie szybu, aby warunki górniczo-geologiczne, z którymi należało się zmierzyć w czasie prowadzonych robót, aby uzyskać dostęp do najgłębszego w Polsce poziomu wydobywczego 1290 m.