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Evaluation of the Impact of No-Till on Soil Erosion Using Soil Aggregate Stability and Fallout Radionuclides in Northern Morocco

Iaaich Hamza, Moussadek Rachid, Mrabet Rachid, Douaik Ahmed, Baghdad Bouamar, Benmansour Moncef, Zouagui Anis, Asserar Nezha, Bouabdli Abdelhak

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2023

Vol. 24, iss. 3

241--248

The aim of this work is to assess the impact of no-till based cropping system on soil erosion using two indicators. The experiment plot was under no-tillage (NT) for four years, adjacent to a plot under conventional tillage (CT) with same other management practices. The two used indicators are Le Bissonnais soil aggregates’ stability test and the activities of the fallout radionuclides (FRN) 7Be and 137Cs. For each radionuclide, the reference sites were identified and sampled using grid sampling approach and the study sites (the two plots) were sampled by applying a one-dimensional point transect sampling. Five samples were collected from each study site with 10m increment. The results showed that the mean weighted diameter (MWD) was of 2.2 for the NT plot and 2.0 for the CT plot, this indicates a lower soil detachability under the no-till system. For the FRN results, the 7Be activity showed that the NT plot retained 79% of the reference site activity and the CT plot retained 54%. The 137Cs activity tests showed also that the NT plot retained more of reference site activity. The mass balance conversion models application to the FRN results showed that the no-till system generated 10% less soil erosion rate than the conventional tillage. The results showed that in spite of needing more than 4 years implementation for statistical significance, no-till helps reducing water erosion in the hilly agricultural lands of Northern Morocco.

Influence of Compost and Chemical Fertilizer on Multi-Metal Contaminated Mine Tailings Phytostabilization by Atriplex nummularia

Laghlimi Meriem, Elouadihi Nouhad, Baghdad Bouamar, Moussadek Rachid, Laghrour Malika, Bouabdli Abdelhak

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2022

Vol. 23, iss. 6

204--215

Heavy metals in mine tailings induce severe environmental contamination of terrestrial ecosystems. They are hazardous to human health and must be cleaned up. However, ex-situ procedures are costly and soil-destroying. Phytoremediation approaches might be a cost-effective and environmentally friendly option. Phytostabilization of mine tailings, which employs plants, is a commonly used technique for preventing the spread of contaminants and particles from the site. Nutrient-deficient mine tailings must be amended to increase plant growth and phytoremediation performance. This study aims to investigate the tolerance of Atriplex nummularia to high heavy metal levels (Pb, Zn, and Cu) and the effects of compost and chemical fertilizer on biomass generation and heavy metal uptake. Halophyte species have been commonly employed for the phytoremediation of soil polluted with heavy metals. A pot experiment was undertaken with four treatments: T1 (agricultural soil), T2 (mine tailings), T3 (mine tailings mixed with compost), and T4 (mine tailings with chemical fertilizer). Results showed that both amendments demonstrated a significant beneficial effect on growth and biomass production. For all treatments, metals mostly accumulated in the roots, with only a small amount transferred to the shoots. Compost application resulted in a higher Pb concentration in roots than chemical fertilizer. The results of this study suggest that Atriplex nummularia can be used in phytostabilization for these types of mine tailings. However, long-term field data is needed to improve understanding of the Atriplex nummularia tolerance to high concentrations of heavy metals, as well as their uptake and translocation to aerial components.