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Occurrence of Nematodes in the alimentary tract of great cormorants [Phalacrocorax carbo (Linnaeus, 1758)] in colonies located in the upper and lower Vistula River

Stocka I., Dziekońska-Rynko J., Mierzejewska K., Stańczak K., Wziątek B.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2017

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Vol. 46, No. 2

168--173

EN

The occurrence of nematodes in the alimentary tract of great cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo (L., 1758) nestlings was studied in the Włocławek Reservoir located on the Vistula in central Poland and in adult birds wintering in the south of Poland, with the food base in the upper Vistula. Mixed (max 4 species) nematode infections were found in all birds. Apart from Contracaecum rudolphii Hartwich, 1964 found in all studied birds, the third- and fourth-stage larvae as well as adult individuals of the following species were also present: Eustrongylides excisus Jägerskiöld, 1909, Anisakis simplex (Rudolphi, 1809), Hysterothylacium aduncum (Rudolphi, 1802), Desmidocercella numidica Seurat, 1920, Synquaria squamata (Linstow, 1883), Cosmocephalus obvelatus (Creplin, 1825), Baruscapillaria carbonis (Dubinin et Dubinina, 1940). The overall mean intensity of infection with nematodes was 23.4 ± 11.6 in nestlings and 175.7 ± 110.9 in adult cormorants. The most common species was C. rudolphii with the mean infection intensity of 12.5 ± 5.9 in nestlings and 154.6 ± 111.4 in adults. The second most common species was E. excisus. S. squamata, C. obvelatus and D. numidica were less common in both age groups. A. simplex and H. aduncum were found only in nestlings, while B. carbonis only in adults.

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In vitro infection experiments with eggs of the nematode Contracaecum rudolphii Hartwich, 1964 (sensu lato) targeting aquatic insect larvae (Odonata : Coenagrionidae and Libellulidae; Trichoptera : Integripalpia) as possible intermediate hosts

Dziekońska-Rynko J., Rokicki J., Mierzejewska K.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2014

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Vol. 43, No. 2

165--169

EN

The availability of aquatic insects (Odonata: Coenagrionidae, Libellulidae and Trichoptera: Integripalpia) as potential intermediate hosts for the nematode Contracaecum rudolphii Hartwich, 1964 sensu lato was studied under laboratory conditions. The infective material consisted of nematode eggs, newly hatched larvae, as well as in vitro infected cyclopoid copepods. High prevalence and intensity of infection associated with a low mortality of aquatic insect larvae suggests that they may serve as intermediate hosts for C. rudolphii and constitute a major reservoir of C. rudolphii larvae in aquatic habitats.

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Location and development of larvae of Contracaecum rudolphii Hartwich, 1964 (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in experimentally infected asps Leuciscus aspius (Linnaeus, 1758) (Pisces: Cyprinidae)

Dziekońska-Rynko J., Rokicki J., Mierzejewska K., Wziątek B., Bielecki A.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2013

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Vol. 42, No. 3

296--301

EN

Laboratory-reproduced and bred asps were experimentally infected with Contracaecum rudolphii larvae, either directly or with previously infected copepods. In the fish exposed to larval infection, the intensity and prevalence of infection were noticeably higher than in the group exposed to copepods. The course of larvae development was similar in both groups. In the larvae measuring ca. 1000 μm in length, the gastrointestinal tract with a developed ventriculus, ventricular appendix and intestinal caecum was clearly visible. The mouth was surrounded by three lips. Over the 10-week experimental period, slightly-coiled larvae surrounded with a thin theca but no encysted larvae were found in the fish exposed to larvae. On the other hand, spirally-stranded and encysted larvae were observed after the 7th week in the fish exposed to infected copepods. The results demonstrated that in the experimentally infected asps, the intensity and prevalence of infection as well as the location of the larvae in a fish depended on the type of invasive material applied.

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Infestation of the black cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis L. 1758) from the colony on the Selment Wielki, with the nematode Contracaecum rudolphii Hartwich, 1964 (Nematoda, Anisakidae)

Dziekońska-Rynko J., Rokicki J.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2008

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Vol. 37, No.4

61-71

EN

Seasonal changes in the intensity and prevalence of infestation of the black cormorants from the colony on Lake Selment Wielki were investigated. In 2006, the cormorants were procured in April, August, and October, while in 2007, they were collected in August and September. The prevalence of the infestation was very high and reached 100%. The highest intensity (mean values of 102.46 and 82.17 nematodes/bird in 2006 and 2007, respectively) was revealed in the cormorants shot in August. Intensity of infestation of those birds procured in autumn 2006 was more than twice that found in spring and one-fourth of that found in summer of that year. Similarly, in autumn of 2007, the birds’ stomachs contained less than half of the number of nematodes recorded in summer of that year.

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The activity of selected hydrolases in excretionsecretion products and exctracts from larvae and mature specimens of Cystidicola farionis

Dziekońska-Rynko J., Rokicki J., Jabłonowski Z.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2003

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Vol. 32, No. 4

117-129

EN

The results of the study indicated that there are differences in the activity of hydrolases depending on the development stage of the parasite and the season of the year. Twelve hydrolases were confirmed to be active in excretion-secretion (ES) products of larvae collected in fall, while nine were active in spring. The activity of hydrolase from the extracts of fall samples was most often higher than in spring. Eight active hydrolases were confirmed in mature specimens both in spring and fall, and they exhibited a lower activity level than the ES products of larvae. However, the activity of enzymes was higher in mature specimens than in larvae in the extracts from both spring and fall samples.