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Justification of Technological and Design Parameters of Polder Drainage Systems by an Optimization Approach

Volk Pavlo, Rokochynskiy Anatoliy, Volk Liubov, Chugai Yevhen, Tykhenko Ruslan, Openko Ivan, Tykhenko Olha

Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics

2024

Vol. 71, nr 1

27--41

A system optimization method was used, which consists in the consistent justification of optimal technological and constructive solutions and parameters of drainage polder systems during the development of their projects. This is done in compliance with modern economic and environmental requirements according to criteria and models for different levels of management decision-making over time (project, planned operation). Based on the performed relevant predictive and optimization calculations for the conditions of the real object, the following three tasks have been accomplished. (1) The optimal pump module at the stage of operation for the existing polder drainage system has been substantiated. (2) The design of the pumping unit and the parameters of its components during the reconstruction of the polder drainage system have been improved. This made it possible to reduce the load on the pumping equipment, the duration of its operation, and the cost of electricity by 20–40%, depending on the water level of the year. The improvement was carried out by the diversion of the corresponding part of the surface runoff with additionally introduced gravity elements in the form of a puncture in the body of the protective dam and a siphon intake. (3) We have substantiated the optimal water regulation technology for the existing polder drainage system in modern and forecast weather and climate conditions, which will ensure the maintenance of the necessary water-air regime of the drained soils in different phases of the growing season of agricultural crops. This will make it possible, on demand, to increase the energy and general environmental and economic efficiency during their creation and functioning of the polder drainage system in accordance with modern changing conditions.

Assessment of the energy and overall efficiency of the closed irrigation network of irrigation systems on the basis of the complex of resource-saving measures

Kovalenko Pyotr, Rokochynskiy Anatoliy, Gerasimov Ievgenii, Volk Pavlo, Prykhodko Nataliіa, Tykhenko Ruslan, Openko Ivan

Journal of Water and Land Development

2022

Special Issue

15--23

The presence of water, food and energy crises, both at the global and regional levels, as well as their deterioration under conditions of climate change, with an insufficient level of technical condition of existing irrigation systems, increase the strategic importance of irrigation as the guarantor of the agricultural sector sustainable development. This makes it necessary to increase, foremost, energy and overall (technical, technological, economic, and environmental) efficiency of the closed irrigation network of irrigation systems. In this regard, the complex that includes organisational-technological, technical, and resource-saving groups of measures was developed. Estimation of energy and overall efficiency of the closed irrigation network of irrigation systems at the implementation of developed complex were executed on the example of the agricultural enterprise located in the Petropavlovsk district of the Dnipropetrovsk region of Ukraine. For this purpose, machine experiment based on a use of the set of optimisation, forecasting and simulation models was implemented, including the model of climatic conditions, the model of water regime and water regulation technologies, as well as the model of crop yields on reclaimed lands. According to the obtained results, established that implementation of the complex reduces the consumption of irrigation water by 2.2-30.7% and electricity consumption by 12.9-38.2%. The rate of specific costs decreases from 1.6 to 1.32-1.47, and the coefficient of environmental reliability increases by 5.6-16.7%. At the same time, the profitability index increases from 1.07 to 1.75-2.57, and the discounted payback period decreases from 18 to 8-5 years.

Evaluation of climate changes and their accounting for developing the reclamation measures in western Ukraine

Rokochynskiy Anatoliy, Volk Pavlo, Frolenkova Nadia, Prykhodko Nataliіa, Gerasimov Ievgenii, Pinchuk Oleg

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

2019

Vol. 28, No. 1

3--13

In modern conditions, there are cardinal climate changes on the Earth as at the planetary scale, as at the regional level. According to numerous hydrometeorological characteristics and indicators, climatologists specialists concluded that Ukraine also take place significant climatic changes in the last 10–25 years. In complicated natural-technical systems, which include irrigation and drainage systems (IDS) on drained lands, the selection of regime-technological and technical solutions on different levels of the decision including the time, should be based on the appropriate meteorological information for selecting climatologically optimal management strategies for such systems in the long-term and annual periods. The decisive influence on the formation of water and the overall natural reclamation modes of reclaimed land and harvest crops in many cases depends exactly from climate or weather conditions. Thus, it is necessary to have available data about their implementation to the relevant object as for number of previous years retrospective observations and the forecast period of functioning of the object. Therefore, forecasting of weather and climate conditions become an indispensable condition for implementation of assessing the overall effectiveness of IDS operation. To solve this problem we performed large-scale computer experiment for multi-year retrospective and current data observations in the area of Zhytomyr Polissya. Were planned and implemented the following variants of studies - «Base», «Transitional», «Recent», «CCCM», «UKMO». The forecast was done for five years of typical groups of vegetation periods regarding conditions of heat and moisture provision (very wet - 10%, wet - 30%, average - 50%, dry - 70%, very dry - 90%) on such basic meteorological characteristics: air temperature; precipitation; relative air humidity; deficit of air humidity; photosynthetically active radiation (PAR); coefficient of moisture provision (the ratio of precipitation to evapotranspiration). Obtained results of comparative assessment of climatic conditions in Zhytomyr Polissya zone, suggests that for most of the basic meteorological parameters, already there are changes that in the short term may exceed 10% of the critical ecological threshold, which will lead to relevant irreversible changes in the state of the environment in the region.